《中華人民(min)共和國(guo)進出口商品檢(jian)驗(yan)法(fa)修(xiu)(xiu)正案》已于2002年(nian)4月28日經第九屆全國(guo)人大常委(wei)會(hui)第二十(shi)七次會(hui)議審議通過,將(jiang)于2002年(nian)10月1日起正式施行(xing)。這是我國(guo)入世之后全國(guo)人大常委(wei)會(hui)審議通過的第一部法(fa)律(lv)修(xiu)(xiu)正案。日前(qian),國(guo)家質檢(jian)總局(ju)負責人就修(xiu)(xiu)改《商檢(jian)法(fa)》的有(you)關問題(ti)接受(shou)了記者專訪。
問(wen):為什么要修改(gai)《商檢法(fa)》?
答:七(qi)屆人大常委會第(di)六(liu)次(ci)會議審議通過的(de)(de)《商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)法(fa)(fa)》自1989年(nian)8月(yue)1日實施(shi)(shi)以來,在各級人大、政府(fu)及有(you)關(guan)部(bu)門的(de)(de)重視和(he)支(zhi)持配合(he)下(xia),全(quan)國(guo)(guo)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)商(shang)(shang)品檢(jian)驗機構認(ren)真(zhen)學習(xi)宣(xuan)傳《商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)法(fa)(fa)》,嚴格依法(fa)(fa)行(xing)政,依法(fa)(fa)施(shi)(shi)檢(jian),使《商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)法(fa)(fa)》得到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)較(jiao)(jiao)好的(de)(de)貫(guan)徹(che)執(zhi)行(xing)。據統計,自1989年(nian)至(zhi)2001年(nian)底(di),全(quan)國(guo)(guo)商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)機構共(gong)檢(jian)驗進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)商(shang)(shang)品3240萬批(pi),貨值金(jin)額13300億美(mei)元(yuan),約占我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)同期進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)總(zong)額的(de)(de)40%。其中共(gong)查出(chu)(chu)不合(he)格進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)商(shang)(shang)品27萬多批(pi),為國(guo)(guo)家避(bi)免和(he)挽回經濟(ji)(ji)損失268.8億美(mei)元(yuan),有(you)力地維護了(le)(le)(le)國(guo)(guo)家利益(yi),保(bao)護了(le)(le)(le)對(dui)外貿(mao)易有(you)關(guan)各方及消(xiao)費(fei)者的(de)(de)合(he)法(fa)(fa)權益(yi)。《商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)法(fa)(fa)》實施(shi)(shi)13年(nian)來的(de)(de)實踐(jian)表明(ming),《商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)法(fa)(fa)》貫(guan)徹(che)執(zhi)行(xing)情(qing)況總(zong)體(ti)上是好的(de)(de),對(dui)于保(bao)證我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)商(shang)(shang)品質(zhi)量,促進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)對(dui)外貿(mao)易健康(kang)發(fa)(fa)展,發(fa)(fa)揮了(le)(le)(le)重要(yao)作用。但(dan)是,原《商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)法(fa)(fa)》是根據當時我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)經濟(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)水(shui)平(ping)和(he)要(yao)求制(zhi)定的(de)(de),隨(sui)著我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)社會主(zhu)義市(shi)場經濟(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)不斷發(fa)(fa)展和(he)完善,國(guo)(guo)家進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)商(shang)(shang)品檢(jian)驗管理體(ti)制(zhi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)了(le)(le)(le)較(jiao)(jiao)大的(de)(de)改革(ge)和(he)調整,特(te)別是去(qu)年(nian)底(di)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)(guo)加入了(le)(le)(le)世貿(mao)組織。這些(xie)發(fa)(fa)展和(he)變(bian)化,使《商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)法(fa)(fa)》中的(de)(de)一(yi)些(xie)規定已經不能(neng)很(hen)好地適應新形(xing)勢(shi)、新情(qing)況的(de)(de)要(yao)求。因此(ci),適時地組織對(dui)《商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)法(fa)(fa)》進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)修(xiu)改,勢(shi)在必行(xing)。
問:修改《商(shang)檢法》對(dui)促進我國對(dui)外貿易發展和法制建設有什么積極作(zuo)用?
答:首先,更好(hao)地適應我(wo)(wo)(wo)國加入世貿(mao)的(de)(de)形勢和要求。加入世界貿(mao)易組織,是(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國改革開放(fang)進程中(zhong)具有歷(li)史意義(yi)的(de)(de)一件大事。從我(wo)(wo)(wo)國加入世貿(mao)通過的(de)(de)法(fa)律(lv)文件來看(kan),涉(she)(she)及質(zhi)檢工作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)條款(kuan)有39項,約占全部條款(kuan)的(de)(de)10%。這其(qi)中(zhong)涉(she)(she)及法(fa)律(lv)問題(ti)的(de)(de)有16項,包括直(zhi)接(jie)涉(she)(she)及《商檢法(fa)》,對此我(wo)(wo)(wo)國政(zheng)府均作(zuo)(zuo)出了(le)修改的(de)(de)承(cheng)諾。通過修改《商檢法(fa)》,可以使我(wo)(wo)(wo)國的(de)(de)商檢工作(zuo)(zuo)更好(hao)地適應入世的(de)(de)形勢和要求,符合世貿(mao)的(de)(de)相(xiang)關規(gui)則,也是(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)國履行對外有關承(cheng)諾的(de)(de)具體體現。
其次,更(geng)好地(di)推(tui)進(jin)商(shang)檢(jian)工作的改(gai)革(ge)(ge)(ge),促進(jin)對外(wai)貿易順利發展。《商(shang)檢(jian)法》發布實施(shi)以(yi)來(lai),隨著國(guo)家(jia)經(jing)濟體制和(he)(he)對外(wai)貿易的改(gai)革(ge)(ge)(ge)和(he)(he)發展,特(te)別是根據近年來(lai)國(guo)家(jia)幾次機構改(gai)革(ge)(ge)(ge)的情(qing)況,全國(guo)檢(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)疫系統積極穩妥地(di)推(tui)進(jin)機構改(gai)革(ge)(ge)(ge)和(he)(he)業務改(gai)革(ge)(ge)(ge),從(cong)加強依(yi)法行政,方便(bian)外(wai)貿進(jin)出(chu)(chu)著手(shou),建(jian)立(li)并實施(shi)了新(xin)的進(jin)出(chu)(chu)口商(shang)品檢(jian)驗(yan)管理(li)制度。原《商(shang)檢(jian)法》中對進(jin)出(chu)(chu)口商(shang)品檢(jian)驗(yan)的許多管理(li)規定(ding)與目前(qian)實際情(qing)況已(yi)經(jing)明顯不一(yi)致(zhi)。通過修改(gai)《商(shang)檢(jian)法》,可以(yi)將實踐證明比較成(cheng)熟(shu)的改(gai)革(ge)(ge)(ge)成(cheng)果用法律的形式固定(ding)下來(lai),進(jin)一(yi)步推(tui)進(jin)商(shang)檢(jian)工作的改(gai)革(ge)(ge)(ge)和(he)(he)發展,更(geng)好地(di)為國(guo)家(jia)經(jing)濟建(jian)設和(he)(he)外(wai)貿發展服務。
第三,更好地(di)維護國家的法(fa)(fa)(fa)制統一(yi)(yi)。近(jin)十幾年來,我國相繼(ji)頒布實(shi)施(shi)了一(yi)(yi)系列與(yu)《商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》密切相關(guan)的法(fa)(fa)(fa)律,《商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》的一(yi)(yi)些規(gui)(gui)定(ding)與(yu)之不盡一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)。此(ci)外,《商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》發布后,為了具體貫徹(che)實(shi)施(shi)《商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》,原(yuan)國家商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)局(ju)、原(yuan)國家檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)疫局(ju)以(yi)及國家質檢(jian)(jian)(jian)總(zong)局(ju)陸續制定(ding)發布的一(yi)(yi)系列規(gui)(gui)章和(he)規(gui)(gui)范性文(wen)件(jian),也需要與(yu)《商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》相互銜接(jie)和(he)呼應。因此(ci),通(tong)過此(ci)次修改《商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)法(fa)(fa)(fa)》,與(yu)相關(guan)的法(fa)(fa)(fa)律、法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)(gui)和(he)規(gui)(gui)章相互銜接(jie),保持一(yi)(yi)致(zhi),利于維護國家的法(fa)(fa)(fa)制統一(yi)(yi)。
問(wen):根據WTO規則和(he)我國入(ru)世承(cheng)諾,對現行《商檢法(fa)》做了哪些修(xiu)改?
答(da):主要從六(liu)個方面進行了修(xiu)改(gai)。一(yi)是(shi)關(guan)(guan)于(yu)法定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)及范(fan)圍(即制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)、調(diao)整(zheng)法檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)目錄(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原則)。根(gen)據(ju)TBT協定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)第(di)2條的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding),將實(shi)施(shi)法檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)由“根(gen)據(ju)對(dui)外(wai)(wai)(wai)貿(mao)易(yi)發展需要”修(xiu)改(gai)為“保(bao)護人(ren)類(lei)健康(kang)和(he)(he)安全、保(bao)護動物或者植物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生命和(he)(he)健康(kang)、保(bao)護環境、防止欺(qi)詐行為、維護國家(jia)安全”。二是(shi)關(guan)(guan)于(yu)法檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)目錄(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)。參照國際上(shang)通行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)做法,將《商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機構實(shi)施(shi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進出(chu)口商(shang)品(pin)種類(lei)表》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名(ming)(ming)稱(cheng)修(xiu)改(gai)為“必須實(shi)施(shi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進出(chu)口商(shang)品(pin)目錄(lu)”。三是(shi)關(guan)(guan)于(yu)法定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內容(rong)。由原來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)商(shang)品(pin)規格(ge)(ge)、數量、重量等(deng),修(xiu)改(gai)為“必須實(shi)施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進出(chu)口商(shang)品(pin)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan),是(shi)指確(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)列(lie)入(ru)目錄(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進出(chu)口商(shang)品(pin)是(shi)否符合(he)(he)(he)國家(jia)技(ji)術規范(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)制(zhi)性要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)評定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)活動”。“合(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)評定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)程序包(bao)括:抽樣、檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)和(he)(he)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)查;評估、驗(yan)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)和(he)(he)合(he)(he)(he)格(ge)(ge)保(bao)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng);注冊、認(ren)可和(he)(he)批準以及各項的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組合(he)(he)(he)”。四是(shi)關(guan)(guan)于(yu)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依據(ju)。根(gen)據(ju)TBT協定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有關(guan)(guan)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)和(he)(he)我(wo)(wo)國對(dui)外(wai)(wai)(wai)承(cheng)諾進行了修(xiu)訂,修(xiu)改(gai)為“列(lie)入(ru)目錄(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進出(chu)口商(shang)品(pin),按照國家(jia)技(ji)術規范(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)制(zhi)性要求進行檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)”,并刪除了按照外(wai)(wai)(wai)貿(mao)合(he)(he)(he)同約定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)標準檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條款。五是(shi)關(guan)(guan)于(yu)認(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)問題(ti)。明確(que)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)對(dui)進出(chu)口商(shang)品(pin)認(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)同國內產(chan)品(pin)認(ren)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)實(shi)施(shi)統一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理制(zhi)度,解(jie)決了非國民待遇問題(ti)。六(liu)是(shi)關(guan)(guan)于(yu)保(bao)密(mi)問題(ti)。按照TBT協定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)和(he)(he)我(wo)(wo)國對(dui)外(wai)(wai)(wai)承(cheng)諾,增加了關(guan)(guan)于(yu)商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工作人(ren)員負有保(bao)密(mi)義(yi)務的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條款。
問(wen):商檢執(zhi)法實踐中出現的新情況、新問(wen)題,在此(ci)次修(xiu)改《商檢法》中是(shi)如何解決的?
答:針對與當前(qian)商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工作實際情況明顯不(bu)(bu)適應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)條款,從下列四(si)個(ge)方面作出(chu)(chu)相應(ying)(ying)修(xiu)改(gai):一(yi)是(shi)關(guan)(guan)于進(jin)出(chu)(chu)口商(shang)(shang)品報檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)主體。增加了代理(li)(li)(li)人(ren),相應(ying)(ying)增加了對代理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)的(de)(de)管理(li)(li)(li)規定:“為(wei)進(jin)出(chu)(chu)口貨物的(de)(de)收發貨人(ren)辦理(li)(li)(li)報檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)手續的(de)(de)代理(li)(li)(li)人(ren)應(ying)(ying)當在(zai)商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機構進(jin)行注冊登(deng)記;辦理(li)(li)(li)報檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)手續時應(ying)(ying)當向商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機構提交授權委托書。”二是(shi)關(guan)(guan)于報檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)地點(dian)。進(jin)口報檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地點(dian)統一(yi)規定為(wei)報關(guan)(guan)地,出(chu)(chu)口報檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地仍為(wei)商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機構規定的(de)(de)地點(dian)。三是(shi)關(guan)(guan)于報檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時限(xian)(xian)。原法規定,進(jin)口檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)應(ying)(ying)在(zai)索賠(pei)期(qi)限(xian)(xian)內(nei),出(chu)(chu)口應(ying)(ying)在(zai)不(bu)(bu)延(yan)誤裝運期(qi)限(xian)(xian)內(nei)完成(cheng)(cheng),現在(zai)改(gai)為(wei)在(zai)國家商(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)門統一(yi)規定的(de)(de)期(qi)限(xian)(xian)內(nei)完成(cheng)(cheng)。四(si)是(shi)關(guan)(guan)于出(chu)(chu)廠(chang)前(qian)的(de)(de)監(jian)督(du)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)。取(qu)消了已不(bu)(bu)再執行的(de)(de)駐廠(chang)員制(zhi)度(du),修(xiu)改(gai)為(wei):“根據便利對外貿易的(de)(de)需要,可(ke)以對列入目(mu)錄的(de)(de)出(chu)(chu)口商(shang)(shang)品進(jin)行出(chu)(chu)廠(chang)前(qian)的(de)(de)質量監(jian)督(du)管理(li)(li)(li)和檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)”。
問:修改后(hou)的《商檢法》在規范進出口商品檢驗行(xing)為,加強對商檢工(gong)作的統一管理(li)上有(you)哪些體現(xian)?
答(da):首先,在立(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)宗旨中增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了“規(gui)范進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)行為”的(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。強調了商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)法(fa)(fa)重要立(li)(li)法(fa)(fa)目的(de)(de)之一(yi)就是規(gui)范商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)行為,維護國家利益。其次,關(guan)(guan)于實(shi)施法(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)(ding)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)主(zhu)體。取消了指定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)機(ji)(ji)構(gou),規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)只(zhi)有商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)才能從事法(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)(ding)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。第三,關(guan)(guan)于對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)其他檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)的(de)(de)批(pi)準權(quan)。規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)只(zhi)有國家商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)門(men)才能夠批(pi)準許可(ke)其他檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)從事法(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)(ding)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)外(wai)的(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)商(shang)(shang)(shang)品檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)鑒定(ding)(ding)(ding)業務,加(jia)(jia)大了統(tong)一(yi)管理(li)力(li)度(du)。第四,關(guan)(guan)于對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)法(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)(ding)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)外(wai)進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)商(shang)(shang)(shang)品的(de)(de)抽(chou)查檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。保(bao)留了商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)可(ke)以(yi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)法(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)(ding)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)外(wai)的(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)商(shang)(shang)(shang)品的(de)(de)抽(chou)查檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)權(quan),同時(shi)增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了“國家商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部(bu)門(men)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)外(wai)公布抽(chou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)結果或者通報抽(chou)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)情況”的(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。第五(wu),關(guan)(guan)于驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)證管理(li)。增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了“商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)依法(fa)(fa)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)實(shi)施許可(ke)制(zhi)度(du)的(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)商(shang)(shang)(shang)品實(shi)行驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)證管理(li)”。第六(liu),關(guan)(guan)于加(jia)(jia)強商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)自身監(jian)督(du)和管理(li)。增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了商(shang)(shang)(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)必須依法(fa)(fa)行政,接受(shou)社(she)會監(jian)督(du),加(jia)(jia)強隊伍建設,建立(li)(li)內部(bu)監(jian)督(du)制(zhi)約機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)等規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。
另外,對(dui)原《商檢法(fa)》中與其他有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)法(fa)律(lv)規定不一(yi)致(zhi)的(de)(de)條(tiao)款(kuan),此次(ci)也作(zuo)出(chu)了(le)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)修改(gai)。如關(guan)(guan)(guan)于復(fu)驗(yan)、復(fu)議制度,根據(ju)《行(xing)政復(fu)議法(fa)》和(he)《行(xing)政訴訟法(fa)》的(de)(de)有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)規定,對(dui)相(xiang)(xiang)應(ying)條(tiao)款(kuan)作(zuo)出(chu)了(le)修改(gai);關(guan)(guan)(guan)于法(fa)律(lv)責任,根據(ju)新《刑法(fa)》、《產品質量(liang)法(fa)》等有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)法(fa)律(lv)的(de)(de)規定,對(dui)“法(fa)律(lv)責任”做(zuo)了(le)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)修改(gai)和(he)補充,加大了(le)對(dui)違法(fa)行(xing)為(wei)的(de)(de)處罰力度。
問:國家質檢(jian)總局將如何貫徹(che)執行新的(de)《商檢(jian)法》?
答:《商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)法修正案》的(de)通(tong)過是我國(guo)法制(zhi)建(jian)(jian)設的(de)一件大事,更是質(zhi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)部門(men)的(de)一件大事。我們要立(li)即(ji)在(zai)全國(guo)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)疫(yi)系統組織《商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)法修正案》的(de)學習宣傳,使(shi)全體檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)疫(yi)人員掌握《商(shang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)法修正案》的(de)各(ge)項規(gui)定(ding),自覺地在(zai)工(gong)作中貫徹落實,加強隊伍建(jian)(jian)設,建(jian)(jian)立(li)內部監督制(zhi)約(yue)機制(zhi),提高(gao)執法水平(ping),為進出口貿易提供(gong)優(you)質(zhi)服務。
《商檢(jian)法(fa)(fa)修正案》對(dui)于(yu)我們的(de)執法(fa)(fa)能力也提(ti)出(chu)了新的(de)要求。在提(ti)高(gao)(gao)人員(yuan)素質的(de)同時,我們還(huan)要大力提(ti)高(gao)(gao)檢(jian)測能力。對(dui)此我們將進一(yi)步增加(jia)投入,加(jia)強實驗(yan)室建(jian)設,提(ti)高(gao)(gao)裝備高(gao)(gao)水平。還(huan)要加(jia)強基層一(yi)線建(jian)設,提(ti)高(gao)(gao)檢(jian)驗(yan)能力,切實把不合(he)格(ge)的(de)進口商品堵(du)在國門之(zhi)外,把不合(he)格(ge)的(de)出(chu)口商品堵(du)在廠門之(zhi)內,維護(hu)國家利(li)益(yi),維護(hu)消費者的(de)權(quan)益(yi)。
《商檢法(fa)(fa)修(xiu)正案》通過后(hou),我們下一步(bu)的工作就(jiu)是要(yao)切實(shi)把(ba)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)規(gui)定(ding)落到實(shi)處(chu)。對(dui)此,我們要(yao)加快清理(li)有關的行(xing)政規(gui)章,堅決取消與(yu)《商檢法(fa)(fa)修(xiu)正案》不相符合的規(gui)定(ding)和做法(fa)(fa),加快制定(ding)與(yu)之相配(pei)套的規(gui)章制度,真正使檢驗檢疫機構的執法(fa)(fa)內容、執法(fa)(fa)行(xing)為(wei)符合法(fa)(fa)律(lv)的規(gui)定(ding),適應入世的要(yao)求,適應我國對(dui)外貿易發展(zhan)的要(yao)求。
國(guo)(guo)(guo)家質檢(jian)總局(ju)作為全國(guo)(guo)(guo)商檢(jian)部門的領導機(ji)關(guan),我(wo)們將首(shou)先模范地(di)遵守《商檢(jian)法修正(zheng)案》的各(ge)項規定(ding),帶(dai)領全國(guo)(guo)(guo)檢(jian)驗檢(jian)疫機(ji)構認真履行職(zhi)責,為我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)對外貿易的發展(zhan),為我(wo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的對外開放做出應有的貢(gong)獻。
國家質檢總局網站5月10日