當前位置：法律圖書館>>法治動態>>法規釋義>>最(zui)高人民(min)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)民(min)事審判第四庭負責(ze)人就《關于海事法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)受理案件(jian)范圍的規(gui)定》答記者問

最高人民法院民事審判第四庭負責人就《關于海事法院受理案件范圍的規定》答記者問

//cciia.org.cn　 2016-2-24 16:18:47　 來源：法(fa)制日報——法(fa)制網

　　法制網記者 周斌

　　2月24日，最(zui)(zui)高人民法(fa)(fa)院發布了(le)《關于海事法(fa)(fa)院受(shou)理案件范圍的規定(ding)》，其(qi)將于2016年3月1日起正式施行(xing)。《規定(ding)》發布后，最(zui)(zui)高人民法(fa)(fa)院民事審判第四庭(ting)負(fu)責人接受(shou)了(le)記者(zhe)采(cai)訪(fang)，就有關問題回答了(le)記者(zhe)提問。

　　一、《規定》是對我國海事法院受案范圍又一次調整充實，請問此次頒布新規有何背景？

　　關(guan)于海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)是開展(zhan)(zhan)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)專門審判、充(chong)分發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)審判職(zhi)能(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)基礎(chu)和(he)必要(yao)(yao)(yao)依據，最高人民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)1984年(nian)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)(ding)設(she)立海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)時(shi)即一并(bing)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)其受(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，之(zhi)后(hou)根據形(xing)(xing)勢發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)實踐需要(yao)(yao)(yao)先后(hou)于1989年(nian)、2001年(nian)兩次充(chong)實修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)，重(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)頒布(bu)關(guan)于海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)。出(chu)臺本規定(ding)(ding)(ding)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是基于三個方面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)客觀需求(qiu)：一是服(fu)務保障(zhang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略和(he)“一帶一路”建(jian)(jian)設(she)等國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)。黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)八大及(ji)十(shi)八屆三中(zhong)全會提出(chu)建(jian)(jian)設(she)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)強(qiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略目(mu)標(biao)，十(shi)八屆五中(zhong)全會通過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“十(shi)三五”規劃建(jian)(jian)議進一步提出(chu)拓(tuo)展(zhan)(zhan)藍(lan)色經濟空(kong)間，但(dan)周邊海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)形(xing)(xing)勢正(zheng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)深刻復雜(za)變化，我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)利用(yong)(yong)秩序亟待依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規范(fan)，海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)態環(huan)境需要(yao)(yao)(yao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷加強(qiang)保護(hu)，海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)過(guo)去以受(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)貿易航(hang)運(yun)相關(guan)商事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)糾紛為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)受(shou)(shou)(shou)案(an)(an)(an)(an)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)時(shi)修(xiu)(xiu)改(gai)拓(tuo)展(zhan)(zhan)，以積極行(xing)使國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)管轄權，依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規范(fan)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)利用(yong)(yong)秩序，加強(qiang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)環(huan)境司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)保護(hu)；同時(shi)，隨著“一帶一路”建(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深入和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)航(hang)運(yun)中(zhong)心(xin)繼續向亞太地(di)區和(he)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)轉(zhuan)移，我們需要(yao)(yao)(yao)與(yu)時(shi)俱進地(di)擴大海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)審判管轄案(an)(an)(an)(an)件范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，進一步增(zeng)強(qiang)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)影(ying)(ying)響力(li)和(he)競爭力(li)。二是規范(fan)統一全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件受(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)準的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)。最高人民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)自2001年(nian)9月11日頒布(bu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)釋(shi)〔2001〕27號《關(guan)于海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)若(ruo)干規定(ding)(ding)(ding)》（以下(xia)簡稱“2001年(nian)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)”）十(shi)四年(nian)來，其所(suo)(suo)規范(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)貿易航(hang)運(yun)領(ling)域(yu)在(zai)船(chuan)舶工(gong)程(cheng)、船(chuan)舶經營、海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)運(yun)輸、港口經營、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)航(hang)運(yun)中(zhong)心(xin)建(jian)(jian)設(she)等方面(mian)(mian)出(chu)現諸多(duo)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交易形(xing)(xing)式及(ji)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件類型(xing)，相當(dang)(dang)部分已為(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)述規定(ding)(ding)(ding)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)涵蓋。為(wei)(wei)充(chong)分發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)審判職(zhi)能(neng)，服(fu)務保障(zhang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)經濟和(he)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)態文明建(jian)(jian)設(she)，遼(liao)寧(ning)、天津、山(shan)東、浙江、廣東、海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)南六省（市(shi)）高級法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)專門發(fa)(fa)(fa)文指定(ding)(ding)(ding)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)本省（市(shi)）內海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)利用(yong)(yong)、海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)(yang)環(huan)境污染糾紛案(an)(an)(an)(an)件以及(ji)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)政案(an)(an)(an)(an)件。在(zai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)勢下(xia)，全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)受(shou)(shou)(shou)案(an)(an)(an)(an)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)應當(dang)(dang)盡快正(zheng)式明確并(bing)規范(fan)統一。近十(shi)四年(nian)來，物權法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、民事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訴(su)訟法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、行(xing)政訴(su)訟法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)運(yun)條(tiao)例等相關(guan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規和(he)有關(guan)人民調解、域(yu)外司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)協助等司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)解釋(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)訂與(yu)頒布(bu)實施，對海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件均有不(bu)(bu)(bu)同程(cheng)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響和(he)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也應適當(dang)(dang)調整(zheng)。三是海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)審判工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)改(gai)革的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)。全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)審判工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)在(zai)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。在(zai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史條(tiao)件下(xia)，海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)必須(xu)(xu)重(zhong)(zhong)點朝著兩個目(mu)標(biao)加快發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，即必須(xu)(xu)從“水(shui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)運(yun)輸法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”角色轉(zhuan)型(xing)為(wei)(wei)全面(mian)(mian)覆蓋“藍(lan)色國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)土(tu)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)；必須(xu)(xu)努力(li)將(jiang)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)設(she)成為(wei)(wei)具有較(jiao)高國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)影(ying)(ying)響力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)中(zhong)心(xin)。但(dan)是，海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現實情況與(yu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)述目(mu)標(biao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)有較(jiao)大差距，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)表現為(wei)(wei)：受(shou)(shou)(shou)案(an)(an)(an)(an)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)過(guo)于狹窄，海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)能(neng)力(li)沒有得到充(chong)分發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮；各(ge)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)收案(an)(an)(an)(an)不(bu)(bu)(bu)平衡；隨著武漢(han)、大連(lian)等海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)沿江地(di)區增(zeng)設(she)派出(chu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)庭，拓(tuo)展(zhan)(zhan)其輻(fu)射范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，也需要(yao)(yao)(yao)逐步擴大其受(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)(li)(li)(li)通海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)可(ke)航(hang)水(shui)域(yu)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。總(zong)之(zhi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)充(chong)分發(fa)(fa)(fa)揮海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)職(zhi)能(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，必須(xu)(xu)進一步拓(tuo)展(zhan)(zhan)其受(shou)(shou)(shou)案(an)(an)(an)(an)范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。

　　二、新的受案范圍相比2001年的原受案范圍作了哪些重大修訂？

　　新受案范圍對原受案范圍的修訂主要體現在司(si)法解釋架構與案件(jian)類型(xing)兩大方面——微調架構、較大幅度地增(zeng)加與細化(hua)海事案件(jian)類型(xing)。

　　司(si)法(fa)解(jie)釋架構調整體現(xian)為(wei)三(san)點：一(yi)(yi)是將(jiang)(jiang)“海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)及(ji)(ji)通(tong)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)可(ke)航水(shui)域(yu)開(kai)發(fa)利用(yong)與環境(jing)保(bao)護相關糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)”從“2001年規定(ding)”中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)商糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)”部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)單(dan)列出(chu)來(lai)作為(wei)一(yi)(yi)大(da)類案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，以突出(chu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)院(yuan)規范海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)及(ji)(ji)通(tong)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)可(ke)航水(shui)域(yu)開(kai)發(fa)利用(yong)秩序和環境(jing)保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)職能；二是將(jiang)(jiang)“海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行政(zheng)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)”從“2001年規定(ding)”中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)商糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)”部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)和“海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)執行案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)”部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)單(dan)列出(chu)來(lai)作為(wei)一(yi)(yi)大(da)類案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，具體明(ming)確(que)其(qi)(qi)(qi)類型；三(san)是將(jiang)(jiang)“2001年規定(ding)”第(di)四部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)“海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)執行案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)”中(zhong)第(di)59、61、62、63項內容調整至第(di)六部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)“海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)特別程(cheng)序案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)”中(zhong)，不將(jiang)(jiang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)執行案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)作為(wei)一(yi)(yi)大(da)類單(dan)列。新的(de)(de)(de)司(si)法(fa)解(jie)釋架構為(wei)七(qi)個部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)：一(yi)(yi)、海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)侵權糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)（第(di)1-10項）；二、海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)商合(he)同(tong)糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)（第(di)11-52項）；三(san)、海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)及(ji)(ji)通(tong)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)可(ke)航水(shui)域(yu)開(kai)發(fa)利用(yong)與環境(jing)保(bao)護相關糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)（第(di)53-67項）；四、其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)商糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)（第(di)68-78項）；五、海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行政(zheng)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)（第(di)79-85項）；六、海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)特別程(cheng)序案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)（第(di)86-108項）；七(qi)、其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)規定(ding)（第(di)109-114項）。其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，第(di)一(yi)(yi)至第(di)六部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)具體規定(ding)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)類型；在第(di)七(qi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分(fen)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)規定(ding)”中(zhong)增加“船(chuan)舶工程(cheng)”等(deng)術語的(de)(de)(de)解(jie)釋，并對海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)與其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)糾(jiu)紛(fen)(fen)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)疊(die)交叉、訴由選(xuan)擇對管轄的(de)(de)(de)影響等(deng)問題作出(chu)規定(ding)。

　　對(dui)于案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，新(xin)的受案(an)(an)范圍對(dui)“2001年規(gui)定(ding)”作(zuo)了兩個方面的修改，一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)對(dui)“2001年規(gui)定(ding)”的63項(xiang)(xiang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)作(zuo)少(shao)量適當調(diao)整；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)重點在(zai)原有規(gui)定(ding)63項(xiang)(xiang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)基礎上(shang)增加(jia)45項(xiang)(xiang)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，將海(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)增加(jia)至108項(xiang)(xiang)。增加(jia)的案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)主要是(shi)(shi)(shi)四類(lei)：一(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)傳統航(hang)運貿易中新(xin)出現(xian)的民(min)商(shang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)糾(jiu)紛案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，具(ju)體增加(jia)為(wei)港口貨物質(zhi)押監管合同(tong)糾(jiu)紛等28項(xiang)(xiang)；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)開發利用和海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)生態環境保護類(lei)民(min)商(shang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)糾(jiu)紛案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，具(ju)體增加(jia)為(wei)污染海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)環境、破壞(huai)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)生態責任糾(jiu)紛案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等9項(xiang)(xiang)；三是(shi)(shi)(shi)民(min)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訴訟(song)法(fa)修訂(ding)后和海(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訴訟(song)實踐中新(xin)出現(xian)的程(cheng)序(xu)性案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，具(ju)體增加(jia)為(wei)就(jiu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)糾(jiu)紛申(shen)請(qing)司法(fa)確認(ren)調(diao)解協議案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等3項(xiang)(xiang)；四是(shi)(shi)(shi)具(ju)體細(xi)化(hua)海(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)政案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，“2001年規(gui)定(ding)”僅在(zai)第(di)40、41項(xiang)(xiang)與第(di)60項(xiang)(xiang)籠統規(gui)定(ding)海(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)政案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、海(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)政賠償(chang)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)(yang)、通海(hai)(hai)(hai)水(shui)域行(xing)政主管機關依(yi)法(fa)申(shen)請(qing)強(qiang)制執行(xing)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，新(xin)的受案(an)(an)范圍具(ju)體細(xi)化(hua)為(wei)7項(xiang)(xiang)。

　　三、新的海事法院受案范圍公布后將如何貫徹實施？

　　制定頒布新的(de)(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)案(an)(an)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)是服務(wu)保(bao)(bao)障黨和(he)國(guo)家(jia)戰略、落實(shi)(shi)人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)“四五”改(gai)革綱(gang)要目(mu)標任務(wu)、進一步(bu)加強海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)審(shen)(shen)判工作的(de)(de)(de)(de)一項重(zhong)要措施。各(ge)(ge)(ge)級人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)都要自覺站在戰略和(he)全(quan)局(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高度貫徹落實(shi)(shi)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)案(an)(an)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)。首(shou)先(xian)，各(ge)(ge)(ge)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)要認真組(zu)織學(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)，準確(que)領(ling)會(hui)其(qi)內(nei)涵，明確(que)自身(shen)職責(ze)，正(zheng)確(que)行使海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)管轄(xia)權(quan)，有效(xiao)(xiao)維護(hu)國(guo)家(jia)主(zhu)權(quan)，依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)充分保(bao)(bao)護(hu)當事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)訴(su)權(quan)。當事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)起訴(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)屬(shu)于(yu)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)案(an)(an)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)并符合(he)立案(an)(an)登記制的(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)他受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)條件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，各(ge)(ge)(ge)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)應當及(ji)時立案(an)(an)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)。各(ge)(ge)(ge)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)要重(zhong)點(dian)針對海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行政案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)和(he)新增加的(de)(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)洋及(ji)通海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)可航水域(yu)開發(fa)(fa)利用與環境保(bao)(bao)護(hu)相關(guan)糾紛等案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)類型，抓緊(jin)開展業務(wu)培訓，確(que)保(bao)(bao)公(gong)正(zheng)高效(xiao)(xiao)審(shen)(shen)理(li)，盡快發(fa)(fa)揮自身(shen)專業優勢打開海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)審(shen)(shen)判工作新局(ju)面。其(qi)次，地(di)方(fang)各(ge)(ge)(ge)級人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)要組(zu)織立案(an)(an)、審(shen)(shen)判、執行人(ren)員(yuan)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)和(he)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)訴(su)訟特別程序法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，避免受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)應由海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)。海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)訴(su)審(shen)(shen)高級人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)要在組(zu)織學(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)時，加大監督指(zhi)導(dao)力度，有效(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)止和(he)糾正(zheng)轄(xia)區內(nei)地(di)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)違規受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)。第三，最高人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)民四庭(ting)將會(hui)同(tong)(tong)國(guo)家(jia)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)官學(xue)(xue)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)舉辦專門培訓班組(zu)織各(ge)(ge)(ge)級法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)相關(guan)人(ren)員(yuan)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)(xi)，適時組(zu)織抽查海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)地(di)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)實(shi)(shi)施情況，及(ji)時指(zhi)導(dao)協(xie)調(diao)處理(li)相關(guan)異議和(he)爭議，進一步(bu)規范(fan)(fan)統一受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)理(li)標準。

　　法制網北(bei)京2月(yue)24日訊

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