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cciia.org.cn　 2020-10-29 17:28:24　 最(zui)高(gao)檢網站(zhan)

問題一(yi)：檢察(cha)機關發布4起典型案例(li)的背景(jing)是什(shen)么，有什(shen)么考慮？

答：今年5月28日民法(fa)(fa)典審議通過(guo)后次(ci)日，習(xi)近(jin)平總書記在中央政治局(ju)第二十次(ci)集(ji)體學習(xi)時講話指出，要加強(qiang)對司法(fa)(fa)活動的監(jian)督(du)，暢通司法(fa)(fa)救濟(ji)渠道(dao)，保護公民、法(fa)(fa)人和其他組織合法(fa)(fa)權益，堅(jian)決防止以刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)案件名義插手(shou)民事(shi)糾(jiu)紛、經濟(ji)糾(jiu)紛。習(xi)近(jin)平總書記的重要指示，為推進新(xin)時代(dai)刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)檢察(cha)監(jian)督(du)工作創新(xin)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提供了(le)根本遵循，指明了(le)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)方向。

最高(gao)(gao)檢(jian)此(ci)次發(fa)(fa)布(bu)4起典(dian)型案(an)(an)(an)例，主要(yao)(yao)(yao)基于(yu)以下考慮：一(yi)(yi)是(shi)強化權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)理(li)(li)念。民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)典(dian)健全和(he)充實了(le)各(ge)(ge)類民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)事權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)更加完備的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)事權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)體(ti)(ti)系(xi)，完善了(le)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和(he)救(jiu)濟規(gui)則，形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)規(gui)范有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制，對于(yu)更好地維護(hu)(hu)人民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)，具(ju)有(you)十分(fen)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)意義。檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關將(jiang)以民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)典(dian)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)規(gui)定為(wei)遵循，客觀公正履行(xing)刑事檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)職責(ze)，充分(fen)發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)刑法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)作(zuo)為(wei)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)典(dian)后盾(dun)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，積極(ji)主動依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)追訴(su)犯罪的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時，加大(da)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律監督(du)力度(du)，防(fang)范違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)插(cha)手民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)事、經濟糾紛。二是(shi)彰(zhang)顯平(ping)等(deng)(deng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)企業精神(shen)(shen)。近年(nian)來，最高(gao)(gao)檢(jian)始終高(gao)(gao)度(du)重(zhong)(zhong)視對民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)企業的(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)等(deng)(deng)司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)求各(ge)(ge)級檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關認真(zhen)貫徹落實中央精神(shen)(shen)，堅持(chi)把服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)經濟發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)作(zuo)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)項重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)政治(zhi)(zhi)任務(wu)(wu)抓緊抓實。先后發(fa)(fa)布(bu)了(le)《檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)和(he)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)企業健康發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)需要(yao)(yao)(yao)注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾個問題》《檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關涉民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)企業司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)典(dian)型案(an)(an)(an)例選(xuan)編(bian)（第(di)一(yi)(yi)輯(ji)）》、最高(gao)(gao)檢(jian)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)經濟11項具(ju)體(ti)(ti)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)政策(ce)等(deng)(deng)，為(wei)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)平(ping)等(deng)(deng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)好民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)企業合法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)貢獻檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)力量(liang)。三(san)是(shi)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)“六(liu)穩(wen)”“六(liu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”。新冠疫(yi)情給經濟社會發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)帶重(zhong)(zhong)大(da)影(ying)響，檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關將(jiang)運用(yong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)手段為(wei)六(liu)穩(wen)六(liu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)提(ti)供(gong)切實保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)。今年(nian)7月，最高(gao)(gao)檢(jian)發(fa)(fa)布(bu)了(le)《最高(gao)(gao)人民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)院關于(yu)充分(fen)發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)職能(neng)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)“六(liu)穩(wen)”“六(liu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)意見(jian)》，要(yao)(yao)(yao)求各(ge)(ge)級檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關牢固樹(shu)立“理(li)(li)性司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)理(li)(li)念”“平(ping)等(deng)(deng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)念”“既要(yao)(yao)(yao)解放思想，又(you)要(yao)(yao)(yao)堅守法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)底線(xian)理(li)(li)念”等(deng)(deng)，主動延伸(shen)辦案(an)(an)(an)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)，為(wei)各(ge)(ge)類生產經營(ying)主體(ti)(ti)特別是(shi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)營(ying)企業復工復產達產提(ti)供(gong)有(you)力司(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)支持(chi)，營(ying)造良好法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)環境(jing)。

問題二：本(ben)次發布的典(dian)型案件有什么特點？

答(da)：本(ben)次發(fa)布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)非(fei)(fei)公經濟保(bao)護典型(xing)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)例，均是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)偵(zhen)(zhen)查機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)撤(che)(che)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)，維護企(qi)(qi)業(ye)合法民(min)事(shi)權(quan)益(yi)，有(you)(you)(you)效避免刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)給企(qi)(qi)業(ye)造成不(bu)利(li)(li)影(ying)響，保(bao)護非(fei)(fei)公經濟健康(kang)發(fa)展為重(zhong)點(dian)。需(xu)要(yao)說明的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)，在偵(zhen)(zhen)查機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)查辦(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大量案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)件中(zhong)(zhong)，需(xu)要(yao)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)只是(shi)(shi)(shi)個(ge)別(bie)現象，特(te)別(bie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)些案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)件當(dang)初偵(zhen)(zhen)查機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)時(shi)(shi)(shi)也有(you)(you)(you)其正當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依據(ju)，并沒有(you)(you)(you)明顯不(bu)當(dang)，但隨著偵(zhen)(zhen)查工作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推進和證據(ju)收(shou)集，發(fa)現最初立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)所涉(she)(she)(she)嫌(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)犯(fan)(fan)罪難(nan)以(yi)成立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)時(shi)(shi)(shi)候就需(xu)要(yao)撤(che)(che)銷(xiao)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)件，但有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偵(zhen)(zhen)查機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)沒有(you)(you)(you)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)撤(che)(che)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)，甚至久拖不(bu)決(jue)，這(zhe)(zhe)也就要(yao)求檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)客觀公正履(lv)行(xing)(xing)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)職責，依法妥善處(chu)理(li)(li)涉(she)(she)(she)非(fei)(fei)公企(qi)(qi)業(ye)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)件，監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)偵(zhen)(zhen)查機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)撤(che)(che)銷(xiao)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)件，這(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)利(li)(li)于使(shi)被(bei)刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)結束被(bei)刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)追訴的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態，進而投入正常(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)產經營(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)。比如，北京市(shi)海淀區(qu)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)院辦(ban)(ban)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)中(zhong)(zhong)，當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)惡意隱瞞事(shi)實，以(yi)公司印章被(bei)他人(ren)偽(wei)造為由騙(pian)取(qu)公安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)，阻撓民(min)事(shi)訴訟進行(xing)(xing)，侵犯(fan)(fan)他人(ren)合法人(ren)身、財(cai)產權(quan)益(yi)。檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)對此類以(yi)欺騙(pian)手段(duan)騙(pian)取(qu)司法機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)，利(li)(li)用(yong)刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)手段(duan)影(ying)響民(min)事(shi)糾(jiu)紛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)為，依法開展法律監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)，公安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)撤(che)(che)銷(xiao)了案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)件，維護被(bei)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合法權(quan)益(yi)。武漢(han)市(shi)青(qing)山區(qu)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)院辦(ban)(ban)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)林某某涉(she)(she)(she)嫌(xian)信(xin)(xin)(xin)用(yong)卡(ka)詐(zha)騙(pian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)中(zhong)(zhong)，認定(ding)(ding)(ding)該企(qi)(qi)業(ye)負責人(ren)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)信(xin)(xin)(xin)用(yong)卡(ka)詐(zha)騙(pian)犯(fan)(fan)罪的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)非(fei)(fei)法占有(you)(you)(you)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，應當(dang)綜合持(chi)(chi)卡(ka)人(ren)信(xin)(xin)(xin)用(yong)記錄、還款能力和意愿(yuan)、申領和透(tou)(tou)支(zhi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)用(yong)卡(ka)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀況、透(tou)(tou)支(zhi)資金的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)途、透(tou)(tou)支(zhi)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表現、未(wei)按規定(ding)(ding)(ding)還款的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)等情節(jie)作(zuo)出判斷。檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)在辦(ban)(ban)理(li)(li)涉(she)(she)(she)企(qi)(qi)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)件中(zhong)(zhong)，要(yao)嚴(yan)格(ge)把握(wo)法律政策界限(xian)，防止辦(ban)(ban)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)人(ren)員單純依據(ju)持(chi)(chi)卡(ka)人(ren)未(wei)按規定(ding)(ding)(ding)還款的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)實片面(mian)作(zuo)出具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)非(fei)(fei)法占有(you)(you)(you)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)判斷，進而準確區(qu)分罪與非(fei)(fei)罪，開展撤(che)(che)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)，為企(qi)(qi)業(ye)開展正常(chang)有(you)(you)(you)序的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經營(ying)(ying)活(huo)(huo)動(dong)創造良好(hao)法治(zhi)環境。廣州(zhou)市(shi)花(hua)都區(qu)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)院辦(ban)(ban)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依法監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)撤(che)(che)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)某企(qi)(qi)業(ye)涉(she)(she)(she)嫌(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)產、銷(xiao)售偽(wei)劣產品案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)，這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)起用(yong)歷史和發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)眼(yan)光，客觀看(kan)待企(qi)(qi)業(ye)經營(ying)(ying)不(bu)規范行(xing)(xing)為，有(you)(you)(you)效避免因(yin)刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)造成企(qi)(qi)業(ye)重(zhong)大經濟損失的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)典型(xing)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)例。案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)(ban)理(li)(li)結果不(bu)僅(jin)保(bao)障了涉(she)(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)產經營(ying)(ying)，還通過建議有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管部門給予行(xing)(xing)政處(chu)罰，有(you)(you)(you)效規范了涉(she)(she)(she)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經營(ying)(ying)行(xing)(xing)為，對行(xing)(xing)業(ye)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其他經營(ying)(ying)者(zhe)也起到(dao)了警示和教(jiao)育(yu)作(zuo)用(yong)，收(shou)到(dao)了非(fei)(fei)常(chang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會效果。黑(hei)龍江(jiang)省(sheng)紅興隆檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)院辦(ban)(ban)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)某非(fei)(fei)融資性擔保(bao)公司故意毀壞財(cai)物立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)中(zhong)(zhong)，行(xing)(xing)為是(shi)(shi)(shi)否構(gou)成犯(fan)(fan)罪，要(yao)嚴(yan)格(ge)遵循刑(xing)(xing)法原則，在主客觀相統一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上(shang)準確界定(ding)(ding)(ding)，要(yao)正確區(qu)分刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)毀壞財(cai)物犯(fan)(fan)罪與私(si)力救濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)當(dang)民(min)事(shi)行(xing)(xing)為的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)界限(xian)，通過立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)，依法保(bao)護民(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)合法權(quan)益(yi)。

問題三(san)：在辦理涉及民營(ying)企(qi)業的(de)案件時，檢察機(ji)關(guan)如何(he)貫徹平等保(bao)護的(de)理念(nian)？具體做(zuo)法是(shi)什(shen)么？

答：近年來，最高人民(min)檢察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)高度重(zhong)視法保(bao)(bao)(bao)障和促進(jin)民(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)經濟(ji)(ji)健康發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，先后下發(fa)(fa)了(le)一系列政(zheng)策性(xing)文件、指導(dao)意(yi)見、典型案(an)例(li)，開展(zhan)了(le)“涉(she)非公經濟(ji)(ji)案(an)件專項立案(an)監督專項活動”“涉(she)民(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)企業刑事訴訟“掛案(an)”專項清理工作(zuo)”等專項工作(zuo)，切實維護民(min)營(ying)(ying)(ying)企業合法權(quan)益。在檢察(cha)(cha)司法實踐(jian)中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)了(le)重(zhong)要的指導(dao)作(zuo)用。今年7月，為(wei)貫(guan)徹落實中(zhong)央關于(yu)做好“六穩(wen)”工作(zuo)、落實“六保(bao)(bao)(bao)”任務的重(zhong)大決策部署，主(zhu)動服(fu)務統籌推進(jin)疫情防控和經濟(ji)(ji)社(she)會發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)工作(zuo)，最高人民(min)檢察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)出(chu)臺《關于(yu)充(chong)分發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)檢察(cha)(cha)職能服(fu)務保(bao)(bao)(bao)障“六穩(wen)”“六保(bao)(bao)(bao)”的意(yi)見》，全面系統指導(dao)全國檢察(cha)(cha)機關充(chong)分發(fa)(fa)揮(hui)職能作(zuo)用，貫(guan)徹寬(kuan)嚴(yan)相濟(ji)(ji)刑事政(zheng)策，區分不同情況，從嚴(yan)、從快(kuai)、從寬(kuan)處理有(you)關犯罪案(an)件，精準服(fu)務保(bao)(bao)(bao)障“六穩(wen)”“六保(bao)(bao)(bao)”工作(zuo)大局。

根據上(shang)述政策意(yi)見(jian)，檢察機關貫徹平等(deng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)理(li)(li)(li)念，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)靈和運用寬嚴(yan)相濟(ji)刑(xing)事政策，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)在(zai)辦(ban)(ban)案(an)(an)中(zhong)(zhong)切(qie)(qie)實(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合法(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)益。一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)切(qie)(qie)實(shi)(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)變(bian)司法(fa)(fa)理(li)(li)(li)念，強(qiang)化(hua)政策運用。理(li)(li)(li)念政策是(shi)(shi)行動(dong)的(de)(de)先(xian)導，決(jue)(jue)定(ding)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)方(fang)向、方(fang)法(fa)(fa)與(yu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果，至關重要。近年來，高(gao)檢院十分(fen)重視(shi)平等(deng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)理(li)(li)(li)念的(de)(de)引領(ling)(ling)作(zuo)(zuo)用，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)政策指引、案(an)(an)例指導、教育(yu)培訓，要求我(wo)們的(de)(de)檢察官在(zai)辦(ban)(ban)理(li)(li)(li)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)切(qie)(qie)實(shi)(shi)(shi)做到對(dui)(dui)內資(zi)(zi)(zi)外資(zi)(zi)(zi)、國(guo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)民(min)(min)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)小微企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)各類民(min)(min)事主體一(yi)(yi)視(shi)同(tong)仁、平等(deng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)正(zheng)常(chang)生產經營(ying)(ying)活動(dong)。二是(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)大力度懲(cheng)治(zhi)(zhi)各類侵犯(fan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)財產、損害(hai)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)利益的(de)(de)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)。依(yi)法(fa)(fa)嚴(yan)格追(zhui)訴(su)職務侵占、非(fei)國(guo)家工作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員受(shou)賄和挪用資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)，根據犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)數額(e)(e)和情(qing)節，綜合考慮犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)行為(wei)對(dui)(dui)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)經營(ying)(ying)發(fa)展(zhan)、商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)譽、內部(bu)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)、外部(bu)環(huan)境(jing)的(de)(de)影(ying)響程度，精準(zhun)提(ti)出量刑(xing)建議。對(dui)(dui)提(ti)起公訴(su)前(qian)退(tui)還挪用資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)或者具有其他(ta)情(qing)節輕(qing)微情(qing)形(xing)的(de)(de)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)不(bu)(bu)起訴(su)；對(dui)(dui)數額(e)(e)特(te)別巨大拒(ju)不(bu)(bu)退(tui)還或者具有其他(ta)情(qing)節特(te)別嚴(yan)重情(qing)形(xing)的(de)(de)，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)從嚴(yan)追(zhui)訴(su)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)慎重處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)貸款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)類犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。在(zai)辦(ban)(ban)理(li)(li)(li)騙(pian)取(qu)貸款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)等(deng)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時，充(chong)分(fen)考慮企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)“融資(zi)(zi)(zi)難(nan)(nan)”“融資(zi)(zi)(zi)貴”的(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)情(qing)況，注意(yi)從借(jie)(jie)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)人(ren)(ren)采取(qu)的(de)(de)欺騙(pian)手段是(shi)(shi)否屬于明顯虛構事實(shi)(shi)(shi)或者隱瞞真相，是(shi)(shi)否與(yu)銀(yin)行工作(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員合謀、受(shou)其指使(shi)，是(shi)(shi)否非(fei)法(fa)(fa)影(ying)響銀(yin)行放貸決(jue)(jue)策、危及(ji)(ji)(ji)信(xin)貸資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)安(an)全，是(shi)(shi)否造(zao)(zao)成重大損失等(deng)方(fang)面，合理(li)(li)(li)判斷(duan)其行為(wei)危害(hai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，不(bu)(bu)苛(ke)求企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)等(deng)借(jie)(jie)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)人(ren)(ren)。對(dui)(dui)于借(jie)(jie)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)人(ren)(ren)因(yin)生產經營(ying)(ying)需要，在(zai)貸款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)雖有違規行為(wei)，但(dan)未造(zao)(zao)成實(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)損失的(de)(de)，一(yi)(yi)般不(bu)(bu)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)。對(dui)(dui)于借(jie)(jie)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)人(ren)(ren)采取(qu)欺騙(pian)手段獲(huo)取(qu)貸款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)，雖給(gei)銀(yin)行造(zao)(zao)成損失，但(dan)證據不(bu)(bu)足以(yi)(yi)(yi)認定(ding)借(jie)(jie)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)人(ren)(ren)有非(fei)法(fa)(fa)占有目的(de)(de)的(de)(de)，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)貸款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)詐騙(pian)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)。四是(shi)(shi)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)慎重處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)(li)拒(ju)不(bu)(bu)支付(fu)(fu)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)報(bao)酬犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。充(chong)分(fen)考慮企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產經營(ying)(ying)實(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)，注意(yi)把握(wo)(wo)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)因(yin)資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)周轉(zhuan)困難(nan)(nan)拖欠(qian)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)報(bao)酬與(yu)惡意(yi)欠(qian)薪(xin)的(de)(de)界限，靈活采取(qu)檢察建議、督促(cu)履行、協調(diao)追(zhui)欠(qian)追(zhui)贓墊付(fu)(fu)等(deng)形(xing)式，既有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)維護(hu)(hu)(hu)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者權(quan)(quan)益，又保(bao)(bao)(bao)障企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產經營(ying)(ying)。對(dui)(dui)惡意(yi)欠(qian)薪(xin)涉嫌犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)，但(dan)在(zai)提(ti)起公訴(su)前(qian)支付(fu)(fu)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)報(bao)酬，并依(yi)法(fa)(fa)承擔相應賠(pei)償責任(ren)的(de)(de)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)不(bu)(bu)起訴(su)。五是(shi)(shi)嚴(yan)格把握(wo)(wo)涉企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產經營(ying)(ying)、創新創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)新類型案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)法(fa)(fa)律政策界限。對(dui)(dui)于企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創新產品與(yu)現有國(guo)家標準(zhun)難(nan)(nan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)對(dui)(dui)應的(de)(de)，應當深入調(diao)查，進行實(shi)(shi)(shi)質性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)評估，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)請示(shi)報(bao)告，準(zhun)確認定(ding)產品屬性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和質量，防止簡單化(hua)“對(dui)(dui)號入座(zuo)”，以(yi)(yi)(yi)生產、銷(xiao)售(shou)偽劣產品定(ding)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)處(chu)(chu)罰。六是(shi)(shi)堅(jian)持(chi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果導向，注重通過(guo)辦(ban)(ban)案(an)(an)提(ti)升民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)經濟(ji)領(ling)(ling)域的(de)(de)社會治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平。對(dui)(dui)辦(ban)(ban)案(an)(an)中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)現的(de)(de)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管理(li)(li)(li)漏洞和經營(ying)(ying)不(bu)(bu)規范問(wen)題(ti)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)危害(hai)民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)普(pu)遍性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)問(wen)題(ti)，深入分(fen)析原因(yin)，找準(zhun)管理(li)(li)(li)風險點(dian)和制度缺陷，幫助民(min)(min)營(ying)(ying)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)家提(ti)高(gao)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)識和法(fa)(fa)律思(si)維，增強(qiang)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)風險防控能(neng)力。同(tong)時及(ji)(ji)(ji)時向黨委政府及(ji)(ji)(ji)有關管理(li)(li)(li)部(bu)門制發(fa)檢察建議，未雨綢繆，堵塞漏洞，完善(shan)機制，真正(zheng)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現辦(ban)(ban)理(li)(li)(li)一(yi)(yi)案(an)(an)、治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)一(yi)(yi)片的(de)(de)社會效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)果。

問題四：檢(jian)察機關(guan)主要通過哪(na)些方(fang)式來監督糾正偵查違法(fa)行為？

答(da)：根據刑事訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)法和《人民檢(jian)(jian)察院刑事訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)規則》的(de)相關(guan)規定(ding)，檢(jian)(jian)察機關(guan)經過(guo)必(bi)要(yao)的(de)調查(cha)(cha)核實后，發現偵(zhen)查(cha)(cha)機關(guan)不(bu)立(li)(li)案或(huo)者(zhe)立(li)(li)案的(de)理由不(bu)能(neng)(neng)成立(li)(li)的(de)，應當(dang)通知偵(zhen)查(cha)(cha)機關(guan)立(li)(li)案或(huo)撤銷(xiao)案件；發現偵(zhen)查(cha)(cha)活動中存在違法行為，根據情節嚴重程(cheng)度予以口頭或(huo)書面糾正；涉嫌犯罪的(de)，由相關(guan)機關(guan)依(yi)(yi)法處理。檢(jian)(jian)察機關(guan)通過(guo)上述方式，依(yi)(yi)法、規范、及時(shi)、有效地履行偵(zhen)查(cha)(cha)監督職能(neng)(neng)，秉(bing)持“雙贏(ying)多贏(ying)共贏(ying)”的(de)理念，與公安機關(guan)相互(hu)配合、相互(hu)制約，共同完善國家訴(su)(su)(su)追權行使，切實維(wei)護公民企(qi)業的(de)基本權利(li)，努力(li)讓人民群眾在每一個司法案件中都能(neng)(neng)感受(shou)到公平正義(yi)。

問(wen)題五：如果(guo)有被立案的(de)當事人或者公司企(qi)業(ye)對公安機關的(de)立案決定有異議(yi)，該如何向檢察機關控告(gao)申訴維護(hu)權益呢？

答：刑事(shi)(shi)立(li)案(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督是法(fa)律(lv)賦(fu)予檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)法(fa)律(lv)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督職責，當(dang)出(chu)現刑事(shi)(shi)立(li)案(an)活動可(ke)(ke)能(neng)不(bu)符合法(fa)律(lv)規定或造成(cheng)司法(fa)不(bu)公(gong)(gong)時，刑事(shi)(shi)立(li)案(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督權將(jiang)發(fa)揮對(dui)(dui)刑事(shi)(shi)立(li)案(an)活動的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)約作(zuo)(zuo)用，檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)將(jiang)依法(fa)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)司法(fa)救濟(ji)。當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)如(ru)果(guo)認(ren)為公(gong)(gong)安(an)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)應(ying)當(dang)立(li)案(an)而立(li)案(an)的(de)(de)(de)，可(ke)(ke)以提(ti)供(gong)(gong)公(gong)(gong)安(an)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)相應(ying)決定的(de)(de)(de)法(fa)律(lv)文書及申訴(su)材料、相關(guan)(guan)(guan)證據、身份證明等到(dao)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)控告(gao)申訴(su)部門(men)申訴(su)，請求檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)進行立(li)案(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督；也可(ke)(ke)以通(tong)過(guo)12309中國檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)網進行網上申訴(su)。控申部門(men)受理(li)案(an)件(jian)線索后，對(dui)(dui)于確(que)有錯(cuo)誤可(ke)(ke)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)，將(jiang)移送相關(guan)(guan)(guan)刑事(shi)(shi)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)部門(men)啟動立(li)案(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督程(cheng)序(xu)，通(tong)過(guo)要求公(gong)(gong)安(an)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)說(shuo)明立(li)案(an)理(li)由并(bing)進行審查，以及調(diao)取(qu)相關(guan)(guan)(guan)案(an)件(jian)卷(juan)宗等方(fang)式，對(dui)(dui)案(an)件(jian)進行全面審查。如(ru)果(guo)認(ren)定公(gong)(gong)安(an)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)立(li)案(an)理(li)由不(bu)成(cheng)立(li)，會依法(fa)向公(gong)(gong)安(an)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)發(fa)出(chu)《撤案(an)通(tong)知書》，要求公(gong)(gong)安(an)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)立(li)即撤銷(xiao)案(an)件(jian)，以維(wei)護提(ti)出(chu)控告(gao)申述的(de)(de)(de)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)、公(gong)(gong)司企業的(de)(de)(de)合法(fa)利(li)益。

問題六：為助(zhu)力非(fei)公經濟健康發展，目前檢(jian)察機(ji)關在開展立案監督工作方面還有哪(na)些新舉措？

答：對于立(li)案監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)工作(zuo)(zuo)，我們始終(zhong)堅持與公(gong)(gong)安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)相互配(pei)合(he)相互制約，注重檢察機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)法(fa)律監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)與公(gong)(gong)安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)內部執(zhi)法(fa)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)相銜(xian)接(jie)，與公(gong)(gong)安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)一(yi)道(dao)共(gong)同維護(hu)法(fa)律正(zheng)確、統(tong)一(yi)實施和(he)司法(fa)的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)平公(gong)(gong)正(zheng)，力(li)(li)求實現規范執(zhi)法(fa)上的(de)(de)雙(shuang)贏(ying)、多贏(ying)、共(gong)贏(ying)。一(yi)是(shi)積極探索推(tui)進(jin)向(xiang)公(gong)(gong)安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)派駐(zhu)檢察監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)工作(zuo)(zuo)。拓寬偵查監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)信息(xi)線(xian)索來源渠道(dao)，監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)關(guan)(guan)口前(qian)移，有(you)效(xiao)提升(sheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)線(xian)索發(fa)現的(de)(de)及(ji)時性，強化對涉非(fei)公(gong)(gong)經濟(ji)(ji)不當刑事立(li)案活(huo)動(dong)的(de)(de)及(ji)時監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)糾(jiu)正(zheng)，有(you)力(li)(li)維護(hu)涉案企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)合(he)法(fa)權益。二是(shi)繼續加(jia)強對下案例指(zhi)導(dao)工作(zuo)(zuo)。“一(yi)個案例勝過一(yi)打文件(jian)”，高檢院高度重視典型(xing)(xing)(xing)案例的(de)(de)指(zhi)導(dao)、引領和(he)示范作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，除本次(ci)發(fa)布(bu)的(de)(de)典型(xing)(xing)(xing)案例外，還將陸續有(you)計劃(hua)的(de)(de)分(fen)批(pi)次(ci)整理(li)編發(fa)近年來監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)辦理(li)的(de)(de)涉非(fei)公(gong)(gong)經濟(ji)(ji)保護(hu)的(de)(de)典型(xing)(xing)(xing)案例，為各(ge)地辦案提供參(can)考。三是(shi)開展(zhan)涉非(fei)公(gong)(gong)經濟(ji)(ji)控告(gao)(gao)申訴案件(jian)專(zhuan)項清理(li)和(he)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)活(huo)動(dong)，以此為切(qie)入(ru)點(dian)、著力(li)(li)點(dian)，認真辦理(li)涉非(fei)公(gong)(gong)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)控告(gao)(gao)申訴案件(jian)，切(qie)實為非(fei)公(gong)(gong)經濟(ji)(ji)健康發(fa)展(zhan)提供有(you)力(li)(li)司法(fa)保障(zhang)，營造公(gong)(gong)正(zheng)的(de)(de)法(fa)治(zhi)環境，等等。

日期：2020-10-29 17:28:24 | 關閉 |