cciia.org.cn 2024-4-30 12:34:26 正義網
全面保障勞動者合法權益 “檢護民生”在行(xing)動
——最高檢有關部門負責人就檢察機關依法維護勞動者合法權益典型案例答記者問
“五一”國際(ji)勞動節前夕(xi),最高(gao)檢(jian)發布(bu)了一批檢(jian)察(cha)機關依法(fa)維護勞動者合法(fa)權益典型案例,包括依法(fa)懲治惡意欠薪、對困(kun)難勞動者依法(fa)支持起訴(su)(su)、開展(zhan)檢(jian)察(cha)公(gong)益訴(su)(su)訟等,記者就此采訪了最高(gao)檢(jian)有關部門負責人。
記者:近日,最高人民檢察院發布一批保障勞動者合法權益的典型案例,請問發布這批案例的考慮是什么?
答:恰逢“五一(yi)”國(guo)際(ji)勞(lao)動節來(lai)臨(lin)之(zhi)際(ji),最高(gao)人民檢察院圍繞全(quan)面保護勞(lao)動者(zhe)合法權(quan)益發布了一(yi)批典型案(an)例,這(zhe)是今年全(quan)國(guo)檢察機關開展“檢護民生”專項行動的一(yi)項重(zhong)要(yao)內容,充分體(ti)現了檢察機關對于勞(lao)動者(zhe)權(quan)益保障的高(gao)度重(zhong)視(shi),下面我談(tan)一(yi)談(tan)發布這(zhe)批案(an)例的三點考(kao)慮。
一(yi)是,檢(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關要堅(jian)持(chi)從(cong)(cong)政(zheng)治上(shang)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)眼、從(cong)(cong)法治上(shang)著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)力(li),將勞(lao)動(dong)者權益保障作為(wei)做好檢(jian)察(cha)為(wei)民(min)(min)(min)的切(qie)入(ru)點和著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)力(li)點。最高(gao)檢(jian)發布這批典(dian)型案(an)例(li),旨在進一(yi)步堅(jian)持(chi)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)檢(jian)察(cha)為(wei)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min),引導(dao)全(quan)國(guo)檢(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關用心(xin)(xin)用情辦好勞(lao)動(dong)爭議等(deng)關乎人(ren)心(xin)(xin)向(xiang)背(bei)的民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)案(an)件(jian),更加主動(dong)找準(zhun)運(yun)用檢(jian)察(cha)力(li)量做實司法為(wei)民(min)(min)(min)、服務中國(guo)式現代(dai)化的切(qie)入(ru)點和著(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)力(li)點,確保檢(jian)察(cha)權為(wei)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)行使(shi)、讓人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)滿意。
二是,檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)要增(zeng)強(qiang)為大局服(fu)務、為人民(min)(min)司(si)法(fa)(fa)、為法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)擔當的針對(dui)性和(he)(he)實效(xiao)性,深(shen)入(ru)推進(jin)“檢(jian)(jian)(jian)護(hu)民(min)(min)生(sheng)”專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong),充分(fen)運(yun)用法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)“力(li)度”提升民(min)(min)生(sheng)“溫度”。今(jin)年2月,最(zui)高檢(jian)(jian)(jian)在全國檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)部(bu)署(shu)開展(zhan)了為期一(yi)(yi)年的“檢(jian)(jian)(jian)護(hu)民(min)(min)生(sheng)”專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong),圍(wei)繞重(zhong)(zhong)點人群及民(min)(min)生(sheng)熱點確立(li)了11項(xiang)(xiang)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong)重(zhong)(zhong)點,其中第(di)一(yi)(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)點內(nei)容(rong)就是進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)加(jia)強(qiang)勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)者特別是靈(ling)活就業和(he)(he)新就業形態勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)者權益保障。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察機(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)將(jiang)以發布此(ci)次典型案例為契機(ji)(ji),深(shen)入(ru)推進(jin)“檢(jian)(jian)(jian)護(hu)民(min)(min)生(sheng)”專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong),積極(ji)參與根治(zhi)(zhi)欠薪專(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)(dong),加(jia)強(qiang)對(dui)民(min)(min)事、行(xing)政審判和(he)(he)執(zhi)行(xing)活動(dong)(dong)(dong)的法(fa)(fa)律監督,依法(fa)(fa)懲治(zhi)(zhi)惡意欠薪犯罪,不斷加(jia)強(qiang)民(min)(min)生(sheng)司(si)法(fa)(fa)保障。
三是(shi)(shi),各地(di)檢察機關要秉持“高(gao)質(zhi)效(xiao)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)好(hao)每一(yi)個(ge)案件(jian)(jian)(jian)”的(de)(de)檢察辦(ban)(ban)(ban)案基(ji)(ji)本(ben)價(jia)值追求(qiu),切實(shi)解決(jue)勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)急難愁盼。這批典型案例只是(shi)(shi)檢察機關辦(ban)(ban)(ban)理(li)涉勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)案件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)縮(suo)影,全國檢察機關將持續把“高(gao)質(zhi)效(xiao)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)好(hao)每一(yi)個(ge)案件(jian)(jian)(jian)”作為基(ji)(ji)本(ben)價(jia)值追求(qiu),通(tong)過辦(ban)(ban)(ban)好(hao)包括涉勞(lao)動(dong)者(zhe)權益保護(hu)在(zai)內的(de)(de)每一(yi)個(ge)民生(sheng)案件(jian)(jian)(jian),主動(dong)將習近平總(zong)書(shu)記反復強調的(de)(de)“努力讓人(ren)民群眾在(zai)每一(yi)個(ge)司(si)法案件(jian)(jian)(jian)中感受(shou)到公平正義”落到實(shi)處,進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)做實(shi)做優人(ren)民群眾可感受(shou)、能體驗、得(de)實(shi)惠的(de)(de)檢察為民。
記者:近年來,檢察機關持續加大拒不支付勞動報酬犯罪案件辦理力度。我們也注意到,受后疫情時代經濟緩慢回升等因素影響,因經營遇到嚴重困難而導致欠薪情況時有發生。對此,檢察機關在辦理此類刑事案件時有哪些考慮?刑事檢察部門在“檢護民生”專項行動中如何進一步保障勞動者合法權益呢?
答:近年來,檢察機(ji)關持(chi)續加大(da)拒不支付勞動(dong)報酬(chou)犯罪案件辦(ban)理力度,依法嚴懲惡意欠薪(xin)行為(wei),不斷加強能動(dong)履職,最(zui)大(da)程度保障(zhang)勞動(dong)者(zhe)及時足額拿到工資,保障(zhang)最(zui)基本的(de)民生底線,對此具(ju)體(ti)開展了以下工作:
我們(men)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)懲(cheng)治(zhi)惡(e)意(yi)欠(qian)薪(xin)犯(fan)罪,切實維護勞(lao)動(dong)者合法(fa)(fa)報酬(chou)權益。全(quan)國檢(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)持續落實黨(dang)中央和國務(wu)院有關(guan)根治(zhi)欠(qian)薪(xin)的決(jue)策部署,通過提(ti)前介入、引導取證、強化立(li)案(an)監(jian)督等方式(shi)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)履(lv)行(xing)檢(jian)察(cha)辦(ban)案(an)職(zhi)能,聚焦打擊“以(yi)轉移財(cai)產、逃匿等方法(fa)(fa)逃避(bi)(bi)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)勞(lao)動(dong)者報酬(chou)”等惡(e)意(yi)欠(qian)薪(xin)行(xing)為,有效(xiao)發揮刑罰的懲(cheng)治(zhi)和震懾(she)作用。2024年(nian)1至3月,全(quan)國檢(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)對情節(jie)惡(e)劣(lie)、后(hou)果嚴重,經責令支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)仍拒不支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的犯(fan)罪嫌疑人(ren)(ren)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)批準(zhun)逮捕260件、264人(ren)(ren),依(yi)法(fa)(fa)受理(li)審查起訴拒不支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)勞(lao)動(dong)報酬(chou)犯(fan)罪799件、936人(ren)(ren),依(yi)法(fa)(fa)提(ti)起公訴222件、240人(ren)(ren)。各級檢(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)主動(dong)加強聯系,與公安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)、人(ren)(ren)力(li)資源和社會保(bao)障部門建立(li)信息(xi)共(gong)享機(ji)(ji)制,共(gong)督促公安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)立(li)案(an)拒不支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)勞(lao)動(dong)報酬(chou)犯(fan)罪案(an)件47件53人(ren)(ren),有效(xiao)避(bi)(bi)免和糾(jiu)正有案(an)不移、有案(an)不立(li)、立(li)而不偵、拖延(yan)懈(xie)怠偵查等問(wen)題的發生。全(quan)力(li)做好追贓挽損(sun)工作,保(bao)障拖欠(qian)農民(min)工工資報酬(chou)優先、及時、足額支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。2024年(nian)1至3月,檢(jian)察(cha)環(huan)節(jie)共(gong)追討欠(qian)薪(xin)2700余萬元。
我們(men)立足準(zhun)確(que)把(ba)握(wo)“三個善于(yu)(yu)”,依(yi)(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)寬(kuan)嚴(yan)相濟(ji)刑事(shi)政策(ce)。實(shi)(shi)踐中,因(yin)(yin)后疫情(qing)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)經(jing)濟(ji)緩慢回升等因(yin)(yin)素影響,一些小(xiao)微(wei)企(qi)業因(yin)(yin)經(jing)營(ying)遇到(dao)嚴(yan)重困難(nan)而(er)導致(zhi)欠(qian)(qian)薪(xin)情(qing)況時(shi)(shi)有發(fa)生。在依(yi)(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)懲(cheng)治惡(e)意欠(qian)(qian)薪(xin)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)案件、幫(bang)助勞(lao)(lao)動者追(zhui)(zhui)欠(qian)(qian)挽(wan)損的(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi),注重把(ba)握(wo)好(hao)企(qi)業因(yin)(yin)資金(jin)周轉困難(nan)拖欠(qian)(qian)勞(lao)(lao)動報(bao)(bao)酬(chou)(chou)與惡(e)意欠(qian)(qian)薪(xin)的(de)(de)界限,堅持寬(kuan)嚴(yan)相濟(ji)刑事(shi)政策(ce),對(dui)(dui)真(zhen)誠(cheng)認(ren)(ren)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)悔罪(zui)(zui)(zui)、盡力(li)足額補(bu)救支(zhi)付(fu)勞(lao)(lao)動報(bao)(bao)酬(chou)(chou)的(de)(de),依(yi)(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)從(cong)寬(kuan)處理,最大程(cheng)度減少因(yin)(yin)涉罪(zui)(zui)(zui)對(dui)(dui)企(qi)業正常生產經(jing)營(ying)的(de)(de)影響,進(jin)而(er)更好(hao)維護勞(lao)(lao)動者薪(xin)酬(chou)(chou)權益,避免引(yin)發(fa)新的(de)(de)次生矛盾(dun)。精準(zhun)確(que)定(ding)打擊(ji)對(dui)(dui)象(xiang),堅持客觀(guan)公正立場(chang),確(que)保無罪(zui)(zui)(zui)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)受刑事(shi)追(zhui)(zhui)究。對(dui)(dui)于(yu)(yu)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)情(qing)節(jie)顯(xian)著(zhu)輕微(wei)、危害不(bu)(bu)(bu)大、欠(qian)(qian)薪(xin)數額未達法(fa)(fa)定(ding)追(zhui)(zhui)訴(su)標準(zhun)的(de)(de),或并非屬于(yu)(yu)有能力(li)支(zhi)付(fu)而(er)拒(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)支(zhi)付(fu)的(de)(de)惡(e)意欠(qian)(qian)薪(xin)行(xing)為的(de)(de),依(yi)(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)作(zuo)出(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)起訴(su)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)。落(luo)實(shi)(shi)寬(kuan)嚴(yan)相濟(ji),依(yi)(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)適用認(ren)(ren)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)認(ren)(ren)罰從(cong)寬(kuan)制度。準(zhun)確(que)把(ba)握(wo)審查(cha)逮(dai)捕(bu)條件,及時(shi)(shi)開(kai)展羈押必(bi)要(yao)(yao)性審查(cha),對(dui)(dui)符合(he)逮(dai)捕(bu)條件、確(que)有逮(dai)捕(bu)必(bi)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)依(yi)(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)批準(zhun)逮(dai)捕(bu),對(dui)(dui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)符合(he)逮(dai)捕(bu)條件,沒有逮(dai)捕(bu)必(bi)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de),依(yi)(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)作(zuo)出(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)批準(zhun)逮(dai)捕(bu)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)。2024年1至3月,拒(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)支(zhi)付(fu)勞(lao)(lao)動報(bao)(bao)酬(chou)(chou)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)無逮(dai)捕(bu)必(bi)要(yao)(yao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)捕(bu)161人(ren)(ren)。充分適用認(ren)(ren)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)認(ren)(ren)罰從(cong)寬(kuan)制度,對(dui)(dui)犯(fan)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)嫌疑人(ren)(ren)(單位)真(zhen)誠(cheng)認(ren)(ren)罪(zui)(zui)(zui)悔罪(zui)(zui)(zui)、盡力(li)足額補(bu)救支(zhi)付(fu)勞(lao)(lao)動報(bao)(bao)酬(chou)(chou)、及時(shi)(shi)開(kai)展企(qi)業合(he)規(gui)整治的(de)(de),依(yi)(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)作(zuo)出(chu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)訴(su)決(jue)(jue)定(ding)317件392人(ren)(ren)。
我們注重四大檢(jian)察(cha)協(xie)同發力,推動(dong)權益保障的(de)常態化、制度化。各(ge)級檢(jian)察(cha)機關加強刑事、民事、行政、公益“四大檢(jian)察(cha)”的(de)協(xie)調配合,加快線索(suo)流轉移送,暢通(tong)信(xin)息共享(xiang)渠道(dao)。在強化內部協(xie)作(zuo)的(de)同時,注重橫向溝(gou)通(tong),形成工(gong)作(zuo)合力。
此(ci)外(wai),全(quan)國(guo)檢察機關(guan)積極面(mian)向(xiang)社會開展法(fa)治(zhi)宣(xuan)傳,引導促(cu)進(jin)誠信建(jian)設(she)。2019年(nian)以來,最高檢已連續五年(nian)發布打擊(ji)拒不(bu)支付勞(lao)動(dong)報(bao)酬犯罪典(dian)型案例(li)共計27件,通報(bao)依法(fa)懲(cheng)治(zhi)惡意(yi)欠薪的工作(zuo)情況與(yu)案件辦(ban)理情況。通過以案釋法(fa),促(cu)進(jin)勞(lao)動(dong)者增強(qiang)維權意(yi)識,提高企業法(fa)律意(yi)識與(yu)合(he)規建(jian)設(she),促(cu)進(jin)用工單位和個人(ren)守法(fa)經營,彰顯司法(fa)機關(guan)聚焦人(ren)民群眾關(guan)切(qie)、保護(hu)弱勢群體利益的堅強(qiang)決(jue)心(xin)。
下一步,全國檢(jian)察機關將持續把(ba)依(yi)法(fa)懲治惡(e)意欠(qian)薪(xin)作為“檢(jian)護(hu)民生”工作的著力點(dian)和切入點(dian),依(yi)法(fa)履行審查逮捕、審查起訴、立案監督等辦案職責(ze),高質效(xiao)辦好(hao)每一個案件,為根治欠(qian)薪(xin)提(ti)供司法(fa)保障(zhang),實現好(hao)、維護(hu)好(hao)、發(fa)展好(hao)廣大普通勞動者(zhe)的根本(ben)利益。
記者:從檢察機關辦理的案件來看,涉及勞動者的民事檢察監督案件反映出哪些問題?在“檢護民生”專項行動中,民事檢察部門將如何進一步保障勞動者合法權益?
答:隨著我國經濟(ji)進(jin)入轉(zhuan)型的(de)關(guan)鍵時期,勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者不僅在勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)報酬(chou)以及社會(hui)保障等基本權利保護方面有了更高要(yao)求,互聯(lian)網共(gong)享經濟(ji)催(cui)生的(de)新(xin)業態行業用(yong)工(gong)模(mo)式也對(dui)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者權益保護工(gong)作提出了新(xin)的(de)問題和挑(tiao)戰,檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)關(guan)受(shou)(shou)理的(de)涉勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)者案件(jian)數量也日益增加(jia)。2024年第一(yi)季度,全國檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)關(guan)受(shou)(shou)理民(min)事生效(xiao)裁判監督類的(de)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)爭(zheng)議(yi)案件(jian)1400余(yu)件(jian),其(qi)中向法院(yuan)提出再審檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)建議(yi)130余(yu)件(jian),提出抗訴(su)近30件(jian);受(shou)(shou)理的(de)涉勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)爭(zheng)議(yi)支持起訴(su)案件(jian)1.4萬余(yu)件(jian),對(dui)此檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)關(guan)支持起訴(su)7400余(yu)件(jian),其(qi)中涉及農民(min)工(gong)的(de)6300余(yu)件(jian)。
結合檢察機關(guan)辦案(an)實際來(lai)看,勞(lao)動(dong)爭議案(an)件反映出的問(wen)(wen)題主要集中在(zai)以下方面:一(yi)(yi)是用(yong)人單(dan)位執行勞(lao)動(dong)權(quan)益(yi)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)制度(du)不(bu)(bu)到位,勞(lao)動(dong)領域(yu)(yu)矛盾(dun)糾紛(fen)多發。從檢察機關(guan)受(shou)理(li)的勞(lao)動(dong)爭議案(an)件類型來(lai)看,確認(ren)勞(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系、追索勞(lao)動(dong)報酬、經(jing)濟補償金(jin)、社會(hui)保(bao)險四類糾紛(fen)的比(bi)重達73.5%,有(you)(you)關(guan)用(yong)人單(dan)位在(zai)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)管理(li)、薪資(zi)支付(fu)(fu)、社會(hui)保(bao)險繳納、婦女“三期”權(quan)益(yi)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)、職業(ye)(ye)病患者工(gong)(gong)傷認(ren)定等方面不(bu)(bu)同(tong)程度(du)存在(zai)問(wen)(wen)題。二是農民工(gong)(gong)欠薪問(wen)(wen)題時有(you)(you)發生,勞(lao)動(dong)監管措施落實不(bu)(bu)夠(gou)有(you)(you)力的情況較為(wei)突(tu)出。從檢察機關(guan)受(shou)理(li)的大量(liang)涉(she)農民工(gong)(gong)討(tao)薪案(an)件看,農民工(gong)(gong)特殊工(gong)(gong)資(zi)支付(fu)(fu)制度(du)并未充(chong)分落實,事后(hou)處罰(fa)效果(guo)不(bu)(bu)佳等問(wen)(wen)題依(yi)然存在(zai)。三是新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)態(tai)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)法律(lv)地位不(bu)(bu)清,社會(hui)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)力度(du)有(you)(you)待(dai)進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)加強。新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)態(tai)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)與平臺企業(ye)(ye)就(jiu)確認(ren)勞(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系、工(gong)(gong)傷待(dai)遇(yu)、醫療待(dai)遇(yu)等勞(lao)動(dong)領域(yu)(yu)糾紛(fen)頻發,新(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)態(tai)領域(yu)(yu)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)、非勞(lao)動(dong)用(yong)工(gong)(gong)就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)的社會(hui)保(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)等需(xu)進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)規范。
下一(yi)步(bu),全國檢(jian)察機(ji)(ji)關(guan)將進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)加大對涉勞(lao)(lao)動者(zhe)民(min)事生效裁(cai)判(pan)和執(zhi)行案件的(de)監(jian)(jian)督(du)力(li)度(du),著(zhu)力(li)實現有(you)(you)效監(jian)(jian)督(du),以可(ke)感可(ke)觸可(ke)信的(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)讓勞(lao)(lao)動者(zhe)感受到(dao)公平正義就在身邊。進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)加強(qiang)涉勞(lao)(lao)動者(zhe)權(quan)益案件的(de)虛(xu)假(jia)訴(su)訟監(jian)(jian)督(du),探(tan)索構建虛(xu)假(jia)訴(su)訟案件查辦的(de)大數(shu)據平臺(tai)和法律監(jian)(jian)督(du)模型(xing),加強(qiang)與(yu)相關(guan)職能部門(men)溝(gou)通配(pei)合(he)(he),努力(li)健全多渠道監(jian)(jian)督(du)和防(fang)控機(ji)(ji)制。進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步(bu)做實做優(you)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)(chi)起(qi)(qi)訴(su)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),持(chi)(chi)(chi)續加強(qiang)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)(chi)農民(min)工(gong)(gong)討(tao)薪起(qi)(qi)訴(su)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),在新就業(ye)形(xing)態勞(lao)(lao)動者(zhe)權(quan)益保護等(deng)領(ling)域依法穩(wen)妥探(tan)索支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)(chi)起(qi)(qi)訴(su)的(de)同時,綜合(he)(he)運用提(ti)(ti)供法律咨詢、協助(zhu)收集證據、提(ti)(ti)出支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)(chi)起(qi)(qi)訴(su)意(yi)見、協助(zhu)提(ti)(ti)供法律援(yuan)助(zhu)等(deng)多種(zhong)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)(chi)起(qi)(qi)訴(su),主動加強(qiang)與(yu)工(gong)(gong)會(hui)、人力(li)資(zi)源和社會(hui)保障部門(men)等(deng)相關(guan)職能部門(men)協作(zuo)配(pei)合(he)(he),努力(li)實現線(xian)索及時移送、案件協作(zuo)配(pei)合(he)(he)、信息資(zi)源共享、工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)有(you)(you)效銜接(jie),形(xing)成整體合(he)(he)力(li),促進(jin)(jin)矛盾糾紛多元(yuan)化解。
記者:行政檢察既維護司法公正、又監督和促進依法行政。開展“檢護民生”專項行動以來,檢察機關在維護勞動者權益,推動行政爭議實質性解決方面,有哪些做法和舉措?
答:全國檢(jian)察機關認真貫徹落實習近平總(zong)書記重要指示(shi)和最(zui)高(gao)檢(jian)院黨組(zu)關于勞動(dong)者權益保障的部署(shu)要求,以“檢(jian)護民生”專項行(xing)動(dong)為抓手,強化行(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)察履職擔當,高(gao)質效保護勞動(dong)者合法(fa)權益。
我們立足高質效行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)察監督(du)辦案,切實(shi)維護(hu)勞動(dong)者合法權益。自“檢(jian)(jian)護(hu)民(min)生”專(zhuan)項行(xing)動(dong)開展以來,我們結合行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)察工作實(shi)際作出具(ju)體安排,專(zhuan)門(men)制發(fa)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)察開展“檢(jian)(jian)護(hu)民(min)生”統計表(biao),細化列舉(ju)就(jiu)業(ye)等重點民(min)生領域(yu)以及(ji)勞動(dong)者等重點群(qun)體,指導各(ge)級檢(jian)(jian)察機關行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)察部門(men),聚焦勞動(dong)就(jiu)業(ye)領域(yu)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)案件(jian),加大對(dui)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)訴(su)訟、行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)行(xing)、行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)違法行(xing)為等監督(du)力度,監督(du)法院依法糾正錯誤裁判、依法及(ji)時(shi)執(zhi)行(xing),促進爭議一(yi)攬(lan)子化解。
2024年1至3月(yue),全國檢察(cha)機關(guan)共辦理涉勞動者(zhe)權(quan)益(yi)(yi)保(bao)護行(xing)(xing)政檢察(cha)案(an)件(jian)1498件(jian),其中醫療(liao)保(bao)險(xian)、失業(ye)保(bao)險(xian)、工傷保(bao)險(xian)等(deng)社(she)會保(bao)險(xian)類行(xing)(xing)政生效裁判監督案(an)件(jian)155件(jian),監督審判機關(guan)公正司法,督促行(xing)(xing)政機關(guan)依法認定(ding)社(she)會保(bao)險(xian)資格、待遇并及時足額給付(fu),充(chong)分保(bao)護勞動者(zhe)合法權(quan)益(yi)(yi)。
如四(si)川某(mou)公(gong)司(si)職工(gong)羅某(mou)某(mou)在工(gong)作崗位(wei)(wei)突發疾病,因死亡時(shi)間超過48小(xiao)時(shi),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)社部(bu)門和審判(pan)(pan)機(ji)關均(jun)認為不構(gou)成(cheng)工(gong)傷(shang),四(si)川省(sheng)檢察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)受理死者妻子監(jian)督申(shen)請(qing)后(hou),成(cheng)立(li)以省(sheng)院(yuan)(yuan)檢察(cha)長為主辦檢察(cha)官的辦案組,查明羅某(mou)某(mou)因工(gong)中(zhong)暑(shu)導致死亡,遂(sui)向(xiang)法院(yuan)(yuan)提出抗訴,開(kai)展行(xing)(xing)政爭議實(shi)質(zhi)性化解,促使(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)社局最(zui)終認定羅某(mou)某(mou)為工(gong)傷(shang),死者家(jia)屬(shu)獲得賠償。又如,某(mou)建筑(zhu)勞(lao)務公(gong)司(si)等(deng)3個單位(wei)(wei)拖欠劉某(mou)等(deng)17人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)資約24萬元,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)社部(bu)門向(xiang)法院(yuan)(yuan)申(shen)請(qing)強制(zhi)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing),但審判(pan)(pan)機(ji)關遲遲未立(li)案執(zhi)行(xing)(xing),安徽省(sheng)某(mou)縣檢察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)依法開(kai)展行(xing)(xing)政非(fei)訴執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)監(jian)督,促使(shi)該案執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)到位(wei)(wei),解決了欠薪問題(ti)。
我們(men)積極融入(ru)數(shu)字檢察(cha)戰(zhan)略,推廣涉(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程建(jian)設(she)領域農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)支(zhi)(zhi)付大數(shu)據法(fa)律監督模(mo)型(xing),促(cu)進專項(xiang)治理。黑(hei)龍江省(sheng)檢察(cha)機關強化農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)權益保護(hu),通(tong)過構建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程建(jian)設(she)領域農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)支(zhi)(zhi)付大數(shu)據法(fa)律監督模(mo)型(xing),辦理了一(yi)批涉(she)農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)行政檢察(cha)監督案(an)件,幫助61位農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)討回薪(xin)酬48萬(wan)余元,督促(cu)相關企業建(jian)立工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)專款賬戶6件,涉(she)及金額340余萬(wan)元。
今年3月,最高檢第七檢察廳專門印發(fa)通知推(tui)廣(guang)該監督(du)模(mo)型(xing),指導各(ge)級檢察機關行政檢察部門結(jie)合本地實(shi)際完善和(he)應用好模(mo)型(xing),并要求(qiu)做好法(fa)律監督(du)模(mo)型(xing)應用效果(guo)的(de)數(shu)據統計報送和(he)問題反饋工(gong)作,進一步(bu)推(tui)動各(ge)地聚焦農(nong)民(min)工(gong)討薪難問題開展專項監督(du),促進源頭治理,助力解決農(nong)民(min)工(gong)欠薪問題。
我們強化案(an)(an)例指(zhi)引,及(ji)時(shi)編發(fa)行(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)察助(zhu)力根治欠薪(xin)(xin)典型(xing)案(an)(an)例,引領(ling)各(ge)(ge)地行(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)察監(jian)督(du)履職(zhi)。為發(fa)揮(hui)典型(xing)案(an)(an)例的示范、指(zhi)導和引領(ling)作用,依法(fa)推進(jin)拖(tuo)欠勞動者工資問題解(jie)決(jue)。4月(yue)3日(ri),最高檢(jian)會同全國總(zong)工會印發(fa)“發(fa)揮(hui)行(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)察監(jian)督(du)職(zhi)能助(zhu)力根治欠薪(xin)(xin)”典型(xing)案(an)(an)例,指(zhi)導各(ge)(ge)地檢(jian)察機(ji)關、工會充分發(fa)揮(hui)職(zhi)能作用,攜手(shou)做(zuo)好根治欠薪(xin)(xin)工作。
記者:隨著檢察公益訴訟法定領域的不斷拓展,職工權益保護領域已成為檢察公益訴訟工作的新著眼點。請介紹一下,“檢護民生”專項行動中,公益訴訟檢察在勞動者權益保障方面的履職情況?
答:全國檢察機關高度重視勞動者合法權益(yi)保障工作(zuo),2024年1至3月共立案(an)辦理勞動者權益(yi)保障領域公(gong)益(yi)訴(su)訟161件。具體來說,我們(men)著力(li)開展了以下工作(zuo):
注重協(xie)(xie)同(tong)配合(he)(he)(he),凝聚保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)合(he)(he)(he)力(li)。我們持續加強與(yu)(yu)人(ren)社(she)(she)、工(gong)會(hui)、住(zhu)建、衛健等(deng)單位的(de)(de)協(xie)(xie)作(zuo)(zuo)。2023年3月,最(zui)高檢(jian)辦公(gong)(gong)(gong)廳會(hui)同(tong)人(ren)力(li)資源和社(she)(she)會(hui)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)部辦公(gong)(gong)(gong)廳等(deng)多(duo)單位聯合(he)(he)(he)印發(fa)《工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)場(chang)(chang)所女(nv)職工(gong)特殊勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)制(zhi)度(du)(du)(參(can)考文(wen)本(ben))》和《消除工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)場(chang)(chang)所性騷擾制(zhi)度(du)(du)(參(can)考文(wen)本(ben))》。2023年底至(zhi)2024年年初,最(zui)高檢(jian)與(yu)(yu)全國(guo)總工(gong)會(hui)先(xian)后聯合(he)(he)(he)會(hui)簽《關(guan)(guan)(guan)于協(xie)(xie)作(zuo)(zuo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)合(he)(he)(he)法權(quan)(quan)益的(de)(de)會(hui)議紀要》《關(guan)(guan)(guan)于協(xie)(xie)同(tong)推進運用“一函兩書(shu)”制(zhi)度(du)(du)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)權(quan)(quan)益工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)通知》,強化(hua)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)監督(du)(du)與(yu)(yu)“一函兩書(shu)”銜接協(xie)(xie)作(zuo)(zuo),加強事前監督(du)(du)和風險(xian)提示、協(xie)(xie)同(tong)協(xie)(xie)作(zuo)(zuo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)權(quan)(quan)益。各(ge)地(di)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)(guan)自上(shang)而(er)下同(tong)步加強與(yu)(yu)人(ren)社(she)(she)、工(gong)會(hui)、住(zhu)建、衛健等(deng)單位的(de)(de)協(xie)(xie)作(zuo)(zuo)配合(he)(he)(he),共同(tong)推進落實政(zheng)(zheng)府主導、各(ge)方(fang)協(xie)(xie)同(tong)、社(she)(she)會(hui)參(can)與(yu)(yu)、法治保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)的(de)(de)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)權(quan)(quan)益保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)治理體系。我們注重加強公(gong)(gong)(gong)益訴(su)訟(song)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)職能與(yu)(yu)刑事檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)、民事檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)等(deng)融合(he)(he)(he)履職。充(chong)分發(fa)揮“四(si)大(da)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)”融合(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展和一體化(hua)辦案優勢,綜合(he)(he)(he)運用刑事打(da)擊、民事支持起訴(su)、行政(zheng)(zheng)訴(su)訟(song)監督(du)(du)、公(gong)(gong)(gong)益訴(su)訟(song)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)建議等(deng)方(fang)式(shi),多(duo)角度(du)(du)、多(duo)環節、多(duo)渠道助力(li)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)權(quan)(quan)益保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu),構(gou)建打(da)擊、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)、監督(du)(du)并(bing)重的(de)(de)綜合(he)(he)(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)格局。
聚(ju)焦重點群體(ti)開(kai)展公(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)訟監(jian)(jian)(jian)督。加(jia)強(qiang)新業(ye)(ye)態勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)。如,針對(dui)(dui)(dui)靈(ling)活就業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外賣(mai)騎手等(deng)(deng)(deng)新業(ye)(ye)態勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)新問(wen)(wen)(wen)題,江蘇省昆山市檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)院通過(guo)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)、召開(kai)聯席會(hui)(hui)議(yi)(yi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)方式(shi),推動(dong)(dong)(dong)有(you)序(xu)(xu)清(qing)退個(ge)體(ti)工(gong)商(shang)戶、拓寬工(gong)會(hui)(hui)入會(hui)(hui)渠道(dao)、完善城市配套服務(wu)設(she)施等(deng)(deng)(deng),構建(jian)(jian)新業(ye)(ye)態勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)立體(ti)模(mo)式(shi)。強(qiang)化殘疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)就業(ye)(ye)權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)。江西省檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)院以督促相關(guan)行(xing)政(zheng)機關(guan)落實殘保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)金征收(shou)管(guan)理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度為切入口,推動(dong)(dong)(dong)殘疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)就業(ye)(ye)權(quan)(quan)(quan)利(li)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang),安置(zhi)人(ren)(ren)數同比增長38.88%。突出婦(fu)女(nv)平(ping)等(deng)(deng)(deng)就業(ye)(ye)權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)(yi)、“三期”權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)治保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)。江蘇省揚中(zhong)市檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)院針對(dui)(dui)(dui)網絡(luo)招聘(pin)中(zhong)存(cun)在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“限(xian)男性”“男士優先(xian)”等(deng)(deng)(deng)情形,通過(guo)訴(su)前檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)督促監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)部(bu)門對(dui)(dui)(dui)相關(guan)用人(ren)(ren)單位依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi),督促完善網絡(luo)招聘(pin)服務(wu)平(ping)臺審核機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),對(dui)(dui)(dui)139條招聘(pin)信(xin)息(xi)糾正表述(shu),并推動(dong)(dong)(dong)各(ge)部(bu)門建(jian)(jian)立聯席會(hui)(hui)議(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度,拓展婦(fu)女(nv)維權(quan)(quan)(quan)陣地(di)。聚(ju)焦農(nong)民工(gong)欠薪整治開(kai)展公(gong)益(yi)(yi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)。針對(dui)(dui)(dui)建(jian)(jian)設(she)工(gong)程(cheng)領域農(nong)民工(gong)工(gong)資保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)證(zheng)金支(zhi)取后(hou)行(xing)政(zheng)機關(guan)未追(zhui)繳補(bu)足的(de)(de)(de)(de)脫管(guan)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題,山東省濰坊市濰城區檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)院及(ji)時(shi)啟動(dong)(dong)(dong)行(xing)政(zheng)公(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)訟程(cheng)序(xu)(xu),綜合運用公(gong)開(kai)聽(ting)證(zheng)、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)發檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)、跟進(jin)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督等(deng)(deng)(deng)方式(shi),督促相關(guan)行(xing)政(zheng)機關(guan)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)履(lv)行(xing)各(ge)自監(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)職(zhi)責,推動(dong)(dong)(dong)創(chuang)新“銀(yin)行(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)函+商(shang)業(ye)(ye)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險”支(zhi)付(fu)方式(shi),守護(hu)(hu)好農(nong)民工(gong)群體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“錢袋子”。推動(dong)(dong)(dong)加(jia)強(qiang)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)病預(yu)防。貴州省安順(shun)市平(ping)壩區檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)院針對(dui)(dui)(dui)玻璃廠等(deng)(deng)(deng)企業(ye)(ye)違反職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)病防治國家職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)標準和衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)要求、侵害(hai)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者合法(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)(wen)題,通過(guo)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)公(gong)益(yi)(yi)訴(su)訟監(jian)(jian)(jian)督與工(gong)會(hui)(hui)“一函兩書”的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)效(xiao)銜(xian)接促進(jin)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)政(zheng),以個(ge)案辦理(li)推動(dong)(dong)(dong)職(zhi)業(ye)(ye)病危害(hai)專項(xiang)治理(li)。同時(shi),將檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)轉化為代(dai)表建(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi),形成多部(bu)門聯動(dong)(dong)(dong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)重點行(xing)業(ye)(ye)領域勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者健康權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)長效(xiao)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
加強法治宣傳,強化(hua)社會(hui)支持(chi)(chi)。全國(guo)檢(jian)察機關(guan)深入(ru)落實(shi)“誰執法誰普(pu)(pu)法”普(pu)(pu)法責任制,通過(guo)案(an)例宣傳、公開聽證、融合(he)新(xin)媒體等(deng)方式(shi),多維度(du)打造普(pu)(pu)法宣傳矩陣,著力構建勞動者權(quan)益(yi)保障社會(hui)支持(chi)(chi)體系。如上(shang)海市檢(jian)察院依托松江(jiang)公益(yi)訴(su)訟(song)宣傳教育基(ji)地、青浦“最江(jiang)南”實(shi)踐基(ji)地等(deng),聯合(he)工(gong)會(hui)組織(zhi)打造職工(gong)權(quan)益(yi)維護普(pu)(pu)法宣傳的前沿陣地,通過(guo)舉辦案(an)例展示、專題研討(tao)、主(zhu)題培訓等(deng)活動,推動普(pu)(pu)法宣傳進企業、進園區(qu),目前覆(fu)蓋職工(gong)達萬(wan)余人次,不(bu)斷提(ti)升廣大(da)職工(gong)法治意(yi)識和維權(quan)意(yi)識。
日期：2024-4-30 12:34:26 | 關閉 |
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