cciia.org.cn 2024-3-6 8:07:24 新華(hua)網
新(xin)華社(she)北京3月5日電 受國(guo)(guo)務院委(wei)(wei)托(tuo),國(guo)(guo)家發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)和(he)改革委(wei)(wei)員會(hui)3月5日提請十四(si)屆全國(guo)(guo)人大二次會(hui)議審查《關(guan)于2023年(nian)國(guo)(guo)民經(jing)濟和(he)社(she)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)計劃(hua)執(zhi)行情況與2024年(nian)國(guo)(guo)民經(jing)濟和(he)社(she)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)計劃(hua)草(cao)案(an)的報告》。摘要如下:
一、2023年國民經濟和社會發展計劃執行情況
2023年是全面(mian)(mian)(mian)貫(guan)(guan)徹(che)黨(dang)(dang)的(de)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)精(jing)神(shen)的(de)開局(ju)之(zhi)年,是三年新冠疫情防(fang)(fang)控(kong)轉段后經濟(ji)恢復(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)一年。在以(yi)習(xi)(xi)近平同志為核心的(de)黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央堅強領導(dao)下,各(ge)(ge)地區(qu)各(ge)(ge)部門堅持以(yi)習(xi)(xi)近平新時代中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色(se)社(she)會主(zhu)義思(si)想為指導(dao),全面(mian)(mian)(mian)貫(guan)(guan)徹(che)黨(dang)(dang)的(de)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)和二十(shi)(shi)(shi)屆(jie)二中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)全會精(jing)神(shen),深入開展(zhan)學習(xi)(xi)貫(guan)(guan)徹(che)習(xi)(xi)近平新時代中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色(se)社(she)會主(zhu)義思(si)想主(zhu)題教育,按照黨(dang)(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央、國務(wu)(wu)院決策(ce)部署(shu),認真執(zhi)行十(shi)(shi)(shi)四屆(jie)全國人大(da)(da)(da)一次會議審(shen)查批(pi)準的(de)2023年國民經濟(ji)和社(she)會發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)計劃,落實全國人大(da)(da)(da)財政經濟(ji)委員會審(shen)查意見,頂住外部壓力(li)(li)、克服內(nei)部困難,堅持穩中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)求進(jin)工作總基調(diao),完(wan)整、準確(que)、全面(mian)(mian)(mian)貫(guan)(guan)徹(che)新發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)理念,加(jia)快構建新發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)格局(ju),著力(li)(li)推動(dong)高質(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan),全面(mian)(mian)(mian)深化(hua)改(gai)革開放,加(jia)大(da)(da)(da)宏觀調(diao)控(kong)力(li)(li)度,著力(li)(li)擴大(da)(da)(da)內(nei)需、優(you)化(hua)結構、提振信心、防(fang)(fang)范化(hua)解風險,新冠疫情防(fang)(fang)控(kong)實現(xian)平穩轉段、取得(de)重大(da)(da)(da)決定性勝(sheng)利,我國經濟(ji)波浪式(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、曲(qu)折式(shi)前(qian)進(jin),總體(ti)回升(sheng)向好(hao),主(zhu)要發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)目標(biao)任務(wu)(wu)圓滿完(wan)成,高質(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)扎實推進(jin),全面(mian)(mian)(mian)建設社(she)會主(zhu)義現(xian)代化(hua)國家邁出堅實步伐。
全年(nian)國內生產總值(GDP)126.06萬億元(yuan),增(zeng)(zeng)長5.2%;城鎮新增(zeng)(zeng)就(jiu)業(ye)1244萬人,全國城鎮調查失業(ye)率(lv)平均值為(wei)5.2%;居民消(xiao)費價(jia)格(ge)(CPI)上漲0.2%;國際收支保持基本(ben)平衡,年(nian)末外(wai)匯儲備規模為(wei)32379.77億美(mei)元(yuan)。
(一(yi))加(jia)大宏觀政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)力(li)(li)度,組合(he)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)效應持續顯(xian)現(xian)。一(yi)是財政(zheng)貨幣政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)協同發力(li)(li)。延續優(you)(you)化完善稅(shui)費優(you)(you)惠政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)。增(zeng)發1萬億元(yuan)國(guo)(guo)債,聚焦災(zai)后(hou)恢復重建和提升防災(zai)減災(zai)救災(zai)能力(li)(li),優(you)(you)先支(zhi)持建設(she)(she)需(xu)求(qiu)迫切(qie)、投資效果(guo)明顯(xian)的項(xiang)目。安排新增(zeng)地(di)方政(zheng)府專項(xiang)債券3.8萬億元(yuan),支(zhi)持一(yi)批補短板、強(qiang)(qiang)弱項(xiang)的基礎設(she)(she)施(shi)和公共服務項(xiang)目建設(she)(she)。先后(hou)2次下(xia)調存款準備金率(lv)、2次下(xia)調公開市場操作和中(zhong)期(qi)借貸便利(MLF)利率(lv),保持流動性(xing)合(he)理充裕。充分運用結(jie)構性(xing)貨幣政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)工具,加(jia)大對支(zhi)農支(zhi)小、科(ke)技創新、先進制造、綠(lv)色低碳等重點領域支(zhi)持力(li)(li)度。二是政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)統籌進一(yi)步強(qiang)(qiang)化。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)新出臺(tai)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)與(yu)宏觀政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)取(qu)向一(yi)致(zhi)性(xing)評估(gu),清理和廢止有悖于高質(zhi)量發展的政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)規(gui)定。組織(zhi)開展“十(shi)四(si)五”規(gui)劃(hua)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)中(zhong)期(qi)評估(gu),“十(shi)四(si)五”規(gui)劃(hua)《綱要》實(shi)(shi)施(shi)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)了時間過(guo)半、任務過(guo)半。三(san)是經濟(ji)宣傳引導進一(yi)步加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)。積(ji)極宣傳闡釋習近平經濟(ji)思想,加(jia)力(li)(li)做好經濟(ji)形勢(shi)和政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)(ce)宣傳解(jie)讀,旗幟鮮明唱響(xiang)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)經濟(ji)光明論。
(二(er))積極促消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)擴(kuo)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi),內(nei)(nei)需(xu)支撐作(zuo)用明顯增(zeng)強。一(yi)是消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)潛力(li)進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步釋(shi)放。出臺(tai)實施恢(hui)復和(he)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)的20條(tiao)政策措施。穩定和(he)擴(kuo)大(da)(da)汽車、家居、電子產(chan)品等(deng)重(zhong)點消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei),推(tui)動(dong)文化、旅游(you)、餐飲等(deng)生活服務消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)加快恢(hui)復。全(quan)年社(she)會(hui)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)品零(ling)售(shou)總(zong)額達(da)到(dao)47.15萬億元,增(zeng)長(chang)7.2%,其(qi)中,網(wang)上零(ling)售(shou)額達(da)到(dao)15.43萬億元,增(zeng)長(chang)11.0%。二(er)是有(you)效投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)持續發力(li)。加強和(he)改進(jin)(jin)中央預算內(nei)(nei)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)計劃管理。進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步擴(kuo)大(da)(da)地方政府專項債(zhai)券投(tou)向領域和(he)用作(zuo)項目(mu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本金的行業范圍。完善推(tui)進(jin)(jin)有(you)效投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)長(chang)效工作(zuo)機制,“十四五(wu)”規劃102項重(zhong)大(da)(da)工程(cheng)以及其(qi)他(ta)經濟社(she)會(hui)發展重(zhong)大(da)(da)項目(mu)取得重(zhong)大(da)(da)進(jin)(jin)展。制定出臺(tai)促進(jin)(jin)民間投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)的17項措施,建立政府和(he)社(she)會(hui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本合(he)作(zuo)新機制。全(quan)年全(quan)國固(gu)定資(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(不含農戶(hu))50.30萬億元,增(zeng)長(chang)3.0%。內(nei)(nei)需(xu)對經濟增(zeng)長(chang)的貢(gong)獻率達(da)到(dao)111.4%,其(qi)中最終消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)支出貢(gong)獻率為82.5%。
(三)大力強化創(chuang)(chuang)新驅動(dong),高水平科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)自立自強成(cheng)效(xiao)明顯。一是(shi)國(guo)(guo)家戰略科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)力量持(chi)續強化。關鍵核心(xin)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術攻(gong)關新型舉國(guo)(guo)體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)不斷(duan)完(wan)(wan)善。國(guo)(guo)家實(shi)驗(yan)室體(ti)(ti)系建設有(you)力推(tui)進。統籌推(tui)進國(guo)(guo)際科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新中心(xin)、區(qu)域科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新中心(xin)建設。新建一批重大科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)基礎設施。二是(shi)重大創(chuang)(chuang)新成(cheng)果不斷(duan)涌(yong)現。“揭榜掛帥”、“賽馬”等組(zu)織機制(zhi)(zhi)進一步完(wan)(wan)善,取得一批重大科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新成(cheng)果。三是(shi)企(qi)(qi)業技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術創(chuang)(chuang)新支(zhi)持(chi)力度(du)(du)加(jia)(jia)(jia)大。出臺強化企(qi)(qi)業科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)(chuang)新主體(ti)(ti)地位的意見,實(shi)施企(qi)(qi)業技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術創(chuang)(chuang)新能(neng)力提升行動(dong)方案。增加(jia)(jia)(jia)1000億元支(zhi)持(chi)企(qi)(qi)業技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術進步專項再貸款額度(du)(du),將(jiang)符合條(tiao)件的集成(cheng)電路、工業母機企(qi)(qi)業研發(fa)費(fei)用加(jia)(jia)(jia)計扣除(chu)比(bi)例提高至120%,將(jiang)符合條(tiao)件行業企(qi)(qi)業的研發(fa)費(fei)用按(an)100%加(jia)(jia)(jia)計扣除(chu)政(zheng)(zheng)策作為制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)性(xing)安排長期實(shi)施。四(si)是(shi)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養使用體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)更加(jia)(jia)(jia)完(wan)(wan)善。落實(shi)關于完(wan)(wan)善科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)激勵機制(zhi)(zhi)的意見。出臺加(jia)(jia)(jia)強青年科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)培(pei)養和使用的政(zheng)(zheng)策措(cuo)施。實(shi)施職業教(jiao)育產(chan)教(jiao)融合賦能(neng)提升行動(dong)。全社會(hui)研究(jiu)與試驗(yan)發(fa)展(R&D)經費(fei)投入33278.2億元,增長8.1%,與國(guo)(guo)內生(sheng)產(chan)總值之比(bi)達(da)到2.64%。
(四)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)建(jian)設現代化(hua)(hua)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)體(ti)系(xi),實(shi)體(ti)經(jing)濟(ji)根(gen)基(ji)持(chi)續鞏固壯大。一是傳統(tong)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)轉型升級。修訂產業(ye)(ye)(ye)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)調整指導目錄,出(chu)臺加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)傳統(tong)制造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)轉型升級的(de)指導意見。滾(gun)動(dong)實(shi)施制造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)核心(xin)競爭(zheng)力提(ti)升行(xing)動(dong)計劃,出(chu)臺強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)制造(zao)業(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)試能力支(zhi)撐行(xing)動(dong)方(fang)案。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)優質高效服務業(ye)(ye)(ye)新(xin)體(ti)系(xi)。二是戰略性新(xin)興產業(ye)(ye)(ye)蓬勃發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。完善(shan)支(zhi)持(chi)戰略性新(xin)興產業(ye)(ye)(ye)高質量(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)政策體(ti)系(xi)。新(xin)能源(yuan)和(he)未來能源(yuan)、新(xin)一代信(xin)息技術、生物醫藥、商業(ye)(ye)(ye)航天和(he)航空等新(xin)興產業(ye)(ye)(ye)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。新(xin)能源(yuan)汽車(che)(che)產銷量(liang)連續9年位居(ju)全(quan)球首(shou)位、全(quan)年銷量(liang)占新(xin)車(che)(che)銷量(liang)比重(zhong)超過30%。人(ren)工(gong)智能、生物制造(zao)等未來產業(ye)(ye)(ye)有序布局。三是數字(zi)經(jing)濟(ji)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。數字(zi)技術和(he)實(shi)體(ti)經(jing)濟(ji)融(rong)合(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)扎實(shi)推進(jin),數字(zi)經(jing)濟(ji)核心(xin)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)增加(jia)(jia)值(zhi)占國(guo)(guo)內生產總(zong)值(zhi)比重(zhong)持(chi)續上升。推動(dong)平(ping)臺企業(ye)(ye)(ye)規范健康持(chi)續發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。四是現代化(hua)(hua)基(ji)礎設施體(ti)系(xi)更加(jia)(jia)完善(shan)。“八(ba)縱八(ba)橫”高速鐵路(lu)主通道加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)建(jian)設,國(guo)(guo)家公路(lu)網持(chi)續完善(shan),支(zhi)持(chi)中(zhong)西部(bu)地(di)區支(zhi)線機場和(he)西部(bu)地(di)區樞紐(niu)機場建(jian)設。全(quan)國(guo)(guo)一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)算力網加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)。
(五(wu))堅定不移深(shen)化(hua)改(gai)革(ge)(ge),發展(zhan)活力(li)和動力(li)持續釋放(fang)。一(yi)是(shi)全國(guo)統(tong)一(yi)大(da)(da)市(shi)(shi)場加快建(jian)設。出臺建(jian)設全國(guo)統(tong)一(yi)大(da)(da)市(shi)(shi)場總體工(gong)作方案,全面(mian)清理妨礙統(tong)一(yi)市(shi)(shi)場和公平競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)的(de)政(zheng)策措施,開展(zhan)工(gong)程建(jian)設招(zhao)標投(tou)標等重點(dian)領域(yu)專(zhuan)項(xiang)整(zheng)治。加大(da)(da)重點(dian)區域(yu)營商環境建(jian)設力(li)度(du)。二是(shi)推(tui)動各種所有制(zhi)經(jing)濟健(jian)康發展(zhan)。啟(qi)動實施國(guo)有企(qi)業改(gai)革(ge)(ge)深(shen)化(hua)提升(sheng)行(xing)動。出臺促進(jin)民(min)營經(jing)濟發展(zhan)壯(zhuang)大(da)(da)的(de)意見。按照黨中央、國(guo)務院(yuan)決(jue)策部署,在國(guo)家發展(zhan)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)委(wei)設立(li)民(min)營經(jing)濟發展(zhan)局。建(jian)立(li)部門與(yu)企(qi)業常態化(hua)溝通交流機制(zhi)。三是(shi)重點(dian)領域(yu)和關鍵(jian)環節(jie)(jie)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)深(shen)入(ru)推(tui)進(jin)。支(zhi)持重大(da)(da)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)試點(dian)探(tan)索創新。深(shen)入(ru)推(tui)進(jin)能源、鐵路、電信(xin)、水利、公用事業等行(xing)業自然壟斷環節(jie)(jie)獨立(li)運營和競(jing)(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)性環節(jie)(jie)市(shi)(shi)場化(hua)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)。完(wan)善(shan)重要資源價格形成機制(zhi)。深(shen)化(hua)數據(ju)管理體制(zhi)機制(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge),組建(jian)國(guo)家數據(ju)局。
(六)擴大高水平對(dui)外(wai)開(kai)放(fang),國際(ji)經(jing)(jing)濟合(he)(he)(he)(he)作和(he)競(jing)爭新(xin)(xin)(xin)優勢不(bu)斷增強。一是(shi)高質量(liang)共建(jian)“一帶(dai)一路”取得豐(feng)碩(shuo)成果。成功(gong)舉辦(ban)第三(san)屆“一帶(dai)一路”國際(ji)合(he)(he)(he)(he)作高峰論壇(tan),形成458項合(he)(he)(he)(he)作成果。中(zhong)老鐵路穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)高效運行,雅萬(wan)高鐵建(jian)成開(kai)通(tong)(tong)。中(zhong)歐(ou)班列(lie)穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)暢通(tong)(tong)運行,全年(nian)(nian)累計開(kai)行1.7萬(wan)列(lie)、運送(song)貨物190萬(wan)標箱,分別增長(chang)6%和(he)18%。二是(shi)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)外(wai)資穩(wen)(wen)中(zhong)提(ti)質。出(chu)(chu)臺(tai)外(wai)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)穩(wen)(wen)規模優結構、海外(wai)倉發展等政策措施,全年(nian)(nian)貨物進出(chu)(chu)口41.76萬(wan)億元(yuan),增長(chang)0.2%,其(qi)中(zhong),新(xin)(xin)(xin)車出(chu)(chu)口491萬(wan)輛、躍居世(shi)界首位,電(dian)動汽車、鋰電(dian)池、光伏產品(pin)“新(xin)(xin)(xin)三(san)樣”出(chu)(chu)口增長(chang)近30%。全年(nian)(nian)實(shi)際(ji)使(shi)用外(wai)資金(jin)額(e)1632.5億美元(yuan)。三(san)是(shi)開(kai)放(fang)平臺(tai)建(jian)設全面(mian)推(tui)進。推(tui)進實(shi)施自(zi)由貿(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)試驗(yan)區提(ti)升(sheng)戰略,在上海等自(zi)由貿(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)試驗(yan)區對(dui)接(jie)高標準國際(ji)經(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)規則推(tui)進制度型開(kai)放(fang),設立新(xin)(xin)(xin)疆(jiang)自(zi)由貿(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)試驗(yan)區。支(zhi)持北京(jing)深(shen)化(hua)國家服務(wu)業擴大開(kai)放(fang)綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)示范區建(jian)設。四是(shi)國際(ji)經(jing)(jing)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)作務(wu)實(shi)開(kai)展。與(yu)厄瓜多爾(er)(er)、尼加(jia)拉瓜、塞爾(er)(er)維亞簽署自(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)協(xie)(xie)定(ding),與(yu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)加(jia)坡簽署自(zi)貿(mao)(mao)(mao)協(xie)(xie)定(ding)進一步升(sheng)級議定(ding)書。積極參(can)與(yu)世(shi)界貿(mao)(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)組(zu)織(zhi)改革(ge)。
(七)扎實(shi)推(tui)進(jin)鄉(xiang)村(cun)振(zhen)興,農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村(cun)現代化(hua)建(jian)設取(qu)得新(xin)進(jin)展(zhan)。一是脫(tuo)(tuo)貧攻(gong)堅(jian)成(cheng)果不(bu)斷(duan)鞏固。進(jin)一步健全防止返(fan)貧動態(tai)監測和(he)幫扶機制。持續加大脫(tuo)(tuo)貧人(ren)口就(jiu)業(ye)(ye)支持力度(du)。開展(zhan)消費幫扶專項(xiang)活(huo)動。脫(tuo)(tuo)貧地區農(nong)村(cun)居民(min)人(ren)均可支配收入16396元,實(shi)際增長8.4%。二是現代鄉(xiang)村(cun)產業(ye)(ye)體系(xi)加快構建(jian)。拓展(zhan)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)多種(zhong)功能,做好“土特(te)產”文(wen)章(zhang),農(nong)村(cun)產業(ye)(ye)融(rong)合扎實(shi)推(tui)進(jin)。促進(jin)農(nong)民(min)合作社和(he)家庭農(nong)場發(fa)展(zhan),對農(nong)業(ye)(ye)農(nong)村(cun)發(fa)展(zhan)的服務(wu)帶(dai)動效應持續增強。大力發(fa)展(zhan)鄉(xiang)村(cun)文(wen)化(hua)產業(ye)(ye)和(he)鄉(xiang)村(cun)旅游。三(san)是鄉(xiang)村(cun)建(jian)設和(he)治(zhi)理(li)提升扎實(shi)推(tui)進(jin)。加快補(bu)齊鄉(xiang)村(cun)基礎設施短板(ban),自來水普及率達到(dao)90%。農(nong)村(cun)人(ren)居環境整治(zhi)深入實(shi)施。加快提升鄉(xiang)村(cun)治(zhi)理(li)水平(ping)。
(八)持續(xu)增強(qiang)(qiang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)鄉發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)(xin)(xin)動(dong)能(neng),發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的協調(diao)性穩(wen)(wen)步(bu)(bu)提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)協調(diao)性增強(qiang)(qiang)。出(chu)臺支(zhi)持高(gao)(gao)(gao)標準高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)建(jian)設(she)雄(xiong)安新(xin)(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的政(zheng)策措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi),北京(jing)非首(shou)都(dou)功能(neng)疏解(jie)項目加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)在雄(xiong)安新(xin)(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)落地(di)(di)建(jian)設(she)。制(zhi)(zhi)定進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)(bu)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)帶(dai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的政(zheng)策措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi),長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)十(shi)年(nian)禁漁取(qu)得明顯(xian)成(cheng)效(xiao)。粵港澳大(da)灣區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)規(gui)則(ze)銜接、機制(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)接不(bu)斷深化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),重(zhong)大(da)合作(zuo)平(ping)臺建(jian)設(she)取(qu)得新(xin)(xin)(xin)突破。長(chang)(chang)三(san)角一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)走深走實,以(yi)長(chang)(chang)三(san)角生態綠色一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示范區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)為突破口的一(yi)體化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)體制(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)斷完善。海(hai)南自由貿易港制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)型開放步(bu)(bu)伐加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai),“一(yi)線(xian)放開、二線(xian)管住”進(jin)出(chu)口管理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)試點穩(wen)(wen)步(bu)(bu)擴大(da)。黃河(he)流域(yu)(yu)重(zhong)點工(gong)程(cheng)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)實施(shi)(shi),環境(jing)(jing)污染綜合治(zhi)理(li)工(gong)程(cheng)深入推(tui)(tui)進(jin)。西部地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)產(chan)業優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)布局和轉型升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級統籌(chou)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)。東(dong)北地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)維護國(guo)家(jia)“五大(da)安全”能(neng)力(li)不(bu)斷增強(qiang)(qiang)。中(zhong)部地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)湘(xiang)鄂贛、豫皖(wan)等跨(kua)省合作(zuo)扎(zha)實推(tui)(tui)進(jin)。東(dong)部地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)和效(xiao)益(yi)穩(wen)(wen)步(bu)(bu)提升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。海(hai)洋經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。二是(shi)(shi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)戰略融合發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)取(qu)得積極成(cheng)效(xiao)。京(jing)津冀(ji)、長(chang)(chang)三(san)角、粵港澳大(da)灣區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)更(geng)好發(fa)(fa)揮高(gao)(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)動(dong)力(li)源作(zuo)用,科技創新(xin)(xin)(xin)策源功能(neng)持續(xu)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)。內陸(lu)腹地(di)(di)戰略支(zhi)撐(cheng)作(zuo)用凸顯(xian),中(zhong)西部和東(dong)北地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)產(chan)業布局進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)(bu)優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。綠色協調(diao)聯動(dong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)格局初步(bu)(bu)形成(cheng),長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)帶(dai)、黃河(he)流域(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生態環境(jing)(jing)保(bao)護跨(kua)域(yu)(yu)合作(zuo)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)主(zhu)體功能(neng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)戰略深化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)落地(di)(di)。全面實施(shi)(shi)《全國(guo)國(guo)土空間規(gui)劃綱(gang)要》,城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、農產(chan)品主(zhu)產(chan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、重(zhong)點生態功能(neng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)總體穩(wen)(wen)定。四是(shi)(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)型城(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)設(she)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)。穩(wen)(wen)妥有(you)(you)序(xu)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)戶籍制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)改革。超(chao)大(da)特大(da)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)轉變發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方式扎(zha)實推(tui)(tui)進(jin)。深入推(tui)(tui)進(jin)成(cheng)渝地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)雙城(cheng)(cheng)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)圈建(jian)設(she)。有(you)(you)序(xu)培育現代化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)都(dou)市(shi)(shi)圈。支(zhi)持縣(xian)域(yu)(yu)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)公共基礎設(she)施(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)。2023年(nian)末常住人(ren)口城(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)率(lv)達到66.16%,比上年(nian)末提高(gao)(gao)(gao)0.94個百分點。
(九)協同推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)降碳(tan)、減污、擴綠(lv)、增長,綠(lv)色低碳(tan)轉型(xing)取(qu)得新進(jin)(jin)(jin)展。一是生態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境保護治理不斷強(qiang)化(hua)。扎實(shi)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)藍(lan)天、碧水(shui)(shui)、凈土(tu)保衛戰,全(quan)國(guo)(guo)地(di)級及以上城(cheng)市細(xi)顆粒物(PM2.5)平均濃度為30微克/立方米,全(quan)國(guo)(guo)地(di)表水(shui)(shui)Ⅰ-Ⅲ類水(shui)(shui)質斷面比例為89.4%、提升1.5個百分點,土(tu)壤重(zhong)金屬污染防治取(qu)得積(ji)極成效。加(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)實(shi)施重(zhong)要生態(tai)系統保護和(he)修(xiu)復重(zhong)大(da)工程。完成國(guo)(guo)土(tu)綠(lv)化(hua)任務1.26億畝。二是碳(tan)達峰碳(tan)中和(he)積(ji)極穩妥推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)。完善(shan)能(neng)源消耗(hao)(hao)總量(liang)和(he)強(qiang)度調控(kong),原料用(yong)(yong)能(neng)和(he)非化(hua)石能(neng)源不納入能(neng)源消耗(hao)(hao)總量(liang)和(he)強(qiang)度控(kong)制。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)能(neng)耗(hao)(hao)雙(shuang)控(kong)逐(zhu)步轉向碳(tan)排放雙(shuang)控(kong)。三是發(fa)(fa)展方式綠(lv)色轉型(xing)步伐加(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)。出臺(tai)加(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)制造業綠(lv)色化(hua)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)指導意見。深入實(shi)施國(guo)(guo)家節水(shui)(shui)行動(dong),萬元國(guo)(guo)內生產總值用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)下降6.4%。大(da)力發(fa)(fa)展循環(huan)(huan)經濟。
(十)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)經(jing)濟安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)能(neng)力建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she),安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)發展基礎(chu)進(jin)一步(bu)(bu)夯實(shi)。一是(shi)糧(liang)(liang)食(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障能(neng)力鞏固提(ti)升(sheng)。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)出臺(tai)糧(liang)(liang)食(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障法(fa)(fa)。出臺(tai)省級黨委和政府落實(shi)耕(geng)地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)和糧(liang)(liang)食(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)責任制(zhi)考核辦(ban)法(fa)(fa)。糧(liang)(liang)食(shi)(shi)總產(chan)(chan)(chan)量再創(chuang)歷史新(xin)高(gao)、達到1.39萬億(yi)斤(jin),連(lian)續9年保(bao)(bao)(bao)持(chi)(chi)(chi)在1.3萬億(yi)斤(jin)以上。加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)高(gao)標準農田建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)和東北黑土地(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)。二是(shi)能(neng)源(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)得到有效保(bao)(bao)(bao)障。穩步(bu)(bu)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)能(neng)源(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)供儲銷(xiao)體(ti)系建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she),用能(neng)高(gao)峰期和重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要活(huo)動(dong)(dong)期間能(neng)源(yuan)供應(ying)總體(ti)平(ping)穩。保(bao)(bao)(bao)障初(chu)級產(chan)(chan)(chan)品供給和價格穩定。加(jia)快構(gou)建(jian)(jian)大國儲備(bei)體(ti)系。三是(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業鏈(lian)(lian)供應(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)韌性和安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)水(shui)平(ping)穩步(bu)(bu)提(ti)升(sheng)。支持(chi)(chi)(chi)集(ji)成(cheng)電路(lu)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)業母(mu)機(ji)、基礎(chu)軟(ruan)件等“卡脖子”領(ling)(ling)域關(guan)鍵核心技術攻關(guan),扎實(shi)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業基礎(chu)再造工(gong)(gong)(gong)程和重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大技術裝(zhuang)備(bei)攻關(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程。穩步(bu)(bu)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)國家物(wu)(wu)流樞紐(niu)、國家骨干(gan)冷鏈(lian)(lian)物(wu)(wu)流基地(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)。四是(shi)數(shu)據(ju)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)能(neng)力建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)持(chi)(chi)(chi)續推(tui)(tui)進(jin)。促進(jin)數(shu)據(ju)流通(tong)交易和開發利用,強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)數(shu)據(ju)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)治理,新(xin)型(xing)融(rong)(rong)合領(ling)(ling)域安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障能(neng)力持(chi)(chi)(chi)續提(ti)升(sheng)。五是(shi)經(jing)濟金融(rong)(rong)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)領(ling)(ling)域風(feng)險穩步(bu)(bu)化(hua)解。支持(chi)(chi)(chi)地(di)(di)方因城(cheng)施策調整(zheng)優化(hua)房地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)市場調控措施,穩妥處置(zhi)地(di)(di)方債務(wu)風(feng)險,分類處置(zhi)高(gao)風(feng)險中小金融(rong)(rong)機(ji)構(gou)。六是(shi)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和防(fang)災(zai)減(jian)災(zai)救災(zai)力度(du)加(jia)大。開展重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大事故隱患專項排查(cha)整(zheng)治行動(dong)(dong)。有力應(ying)對京津(jin)冀和東北地(di)(di)區嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)暴雨洪澇災(zai)害、甘肅臨夏州(zhou)積石山縣地(di)(di)震災(zai)害,保(bao)(bao)(bao)障群眾(zhong)生(sheng)活(huo)必需品供應(ying),災(zai)后恢(hui)復重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)、重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)防(fang)洪治理工(gong)(gong)(gong)程、城(cheng)市排水(shui)防(fang)澇能(neng)力提(ti)升(sheng)行動(dong)(dong)等扎實(shi)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)。
(十一)切實辦好(hao)民生(sheng)實事,基本民生(sheng)保障(zhang)有力(li)。一是(shi)就(jiu)業(ye)優(you)先政(zheng)策(ce)落實落細。優(you)化調整穩就(jiu)業(ye)政(zheng)策(ce)措施,出臺支(zhi)(zhi)持企業(ye)穩崗拓(tuo)崗政(zheng)策(ce),強化高(gao)(gao)校畢業(ye)生(sheng)、退(tui)役軍人、農(nong)民工以(yi)及就(jiu)業(ye)困難人員等就(jiu)業(ye)幫扶(fu)。二是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)鄉居(ju)民收入穩步提高(gao)(gao)。健全(quan)收入分配政(zheng)策(ce)體(ti)系(xi),全(quan)國(guo)居(ju)民人均(jun)可支(zhi)(zhi)配收入實際增(zeng)長6.1%,城(cheng)(cheng)鄉居(ju)民收入差(cha)距繼續(xu)縮小。支(zhi)(zhi)持浙江高(gao)(gao)質量發展建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)共(gong)同富裕(yu)示范區(qu)(qu)。三是(shi)健康中(zhong)國(guo)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)扎實推進。支(zhi)(zhi)持國(guo)家區(qu)(qu)域(yu)醫(yi)療中(zhong)心、省級區(qu)(qu)域(yu)醫(yi)療中(zhong)心、縣級醫(yi)院(yuan)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she),完善(shan)疾控體(ti)系(xi),提升公(gong)共(gong)衛生(sheng)防控救治能力(li)。四是(shi)社會保障(zhang)水(shui)平進一步提高(gao)(gao)。社會保險覆蓋面穩步擴大,2023年(nian)末全(quan)國(guo)基本養老、失業(ye)、工傷保險參保人數分別達(da)到(dao)10.66億(yi)人、2.44億(yi)人、3.02億(yi)人。五(wu)是(shi)公(gong)共(gong)服務(wu)體(ti)系(xi)持續(xu)完善(shan)。基本公(gong)共(gong)服務(wu)標準體(ti)系(xi)進一步健全(quan),均(jun)等化水(shui)平持續(xu)提高(gao)(gao)。發布新版國(guo)家基本公(gong)共(gong)服務(wu)標準。
面對異常復雜的(de)國(guo)際環(huan)境和艱巨(ju)繁(fan)重的(de)國(guo)內改革發(fa)展穩定任務,我國(guo)經濟(ji)社(she)會發(fa)展取得上述成績來之不易。這是以(yi)習(xi)近平同志為核心的(de)黨(dang)中(zhong)央運(yun)籌(chou)帷幄、堅(jian)強領導(dao)的(de)結(jie)果(guo),是習(xi)近平新(xin)時(shi)代(dai)中(zhong)國(guo)特色社(she)會主義思想(xiang)凝心鑄魂、科學指引的(de)結(jie)果(guo),是各(ge)地區各(ge)部(bu)門(men)勇(yong)于(yu)擔(dan)當、實干篤行的(de)結(jie)果(guo),是全黨(dang)全國(guo)各(ge)族(zu)人(ren)民團結(jie)一致、不懈奮斗的(de)結(jie)果(guo)。
二、2024年經濟社會發展總體要求、主要目標和政策取向
(一(yi))總體要求。
要在以(yi)習近平(ping)(ping)同志為核心的(de)黨中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)堅強(qiang)領導(dao)下,以(yi)習近平(ping)(ping)新(xin)時(shi)代中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)特色社(she)會(hui)(hui)主義思想(xiang)為指導(dao),全(quan)(quan)(quan)面貫徹落(luo)實黨的(de)二(er)(er)十大和二(er)(er)十屆二(er)(er)中(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)(quan)(quan)會(hui)(hui)精(jing)神,按照中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)經(jing)(jing)濟工作會(hui)(hui)議部署,堅持穩中(zhong)(zhong)求進工作總基調,完(wan)整、準(zhun)確、全(quan)(quan)(quan)面貫徹新(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)理(li)念(nian),加快構建新(xin)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)格局,著(zhu)力推(tui)(tui)動高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),全(quan)(quan)(quan)面深化(hua)改(gai)革(ge)開放(fang),推(tui)(tui)動高(gao)(gao)水平(ping)(ping)科技自(zi)立自(zi)強(qiang),加大宏觀調控力度,統(tong)籌(chou)擴大內需和深化(hua)供給側結構性改(gai)革(ge),統(tong)籌(chou)新(xin)型城鎮化(hua)和鄉村全(quan)(quan)(quan)面振興,統(tong)籌(chou)高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和高(gao)(gao)水平(ping)(ping)安全(quan)(quan)(quan),切實增強(qiang)經(jing)(jing)濟活力、防范化(hua)解風險、改(gai)善社(she)會(hui)(hui)預期,鞏(gong)固和增強(qiang)經(jing)(jing)濟回升向好態(tai)勢(shi),持續推(tui)(tui)動經(jing)(jing)濟實現質(zhi)的(de)有(you)效(xiao)提升和量的(de)合理(li)增長,增進民(min)生福祉,保持社(she)會(hui)(hui)穩定,以(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式現代化(hua)全(quan)(quan)(quan)面推(tui)(tui)進強(qiang)國(guo)建設、民(min)族復興偉業。
(二)主(zhu)要預期目標。
——國內生產(chan)總值增長5%左右。
——城(cheng)鎮新增就業1200萬人以(yi)上,全國城(cheng)鎮調查(cha)失業率5.5%左右。
——居民消費價格(ge)(CPI)漲幅(fu)3%左(zuo)右。
——居民人均可支配收入增長(chang)與經濟增長(chang)同步。
——國際收支保持基本平(ping)衡。
——糧食產量1.3萬億(yi)斤以上。
——單(dan)位國內生(sheng)產總值(zhi)能耗(hao)下降2.5%左右,生(sheng)態環境(jing)質量(liang)持(chi)續(xu)改(gai)善。
(三)主要宏(hong)觀政(zheng)策(ce)取向(xiang)。
要堅持穩中(zhong)求進(jin)、以進(jin)促(cu)穩、先立(li)后(hou)破。強(qiang)化(hua)宏(hong)觀政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)逆周(zhou)期(qi)和(he)跨周(zhou)期(qi)調(diao)節,繼續(xu)實施積極(ji)的財政(zheng)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)和(he)穩健的貨幣政(zheng)策(ce)(ce),加強(qiang)財政(zheng)、貨幣、就業、產業、區域、科技、環保等政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)協(xie)調(diao)配合(he),強(qiang)化(hua)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)工具(ju)創(chuang)新(xin),形成推動高(gao)質(zhi)量發展(zhan)的強(qiang)大(da)合(he)力。
積極的(de)財政政策(ce)要適度加(jia)力、提質增(zeng)效(xiao)。用好(hao)財政政策(ce)空間,提高資金效(xiao)益和(he)政策(ce)實際效(xiao)果。更加(jia)突(tu)出(chu)精準發(fa)力,優化(hua)財政支(zhi)出(chu)結構,強(qiang)化(hua)國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)大(da)戰(zhan)略任(ren)務和(he)基(ji)本(ben)民生財力保(bao)障。2024年(nian)赤字(zi)率按(an)3%安(an)(an)排,與2023年(nian)年(nian)初預算持平(ping)。安(an)(an)排新增(zeng)地方(fang)政府專(zhuan)(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)債(zhai)券3.9萬億(yi)(yi)元,規(gui)模比(bi)2023年(nian)增(zeng)加(jia)1000億(yi)(yi)元。優化(hua)地方(fang)政府專(zhuan)(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)債(zhai)券投向和(he)額(e)度分配。為系統(tong)解決(jue)強(qiang)國(guo)建設、民族復興進程中一些重(zhong)大(da)項(xiang)(xiang)目建設的(de)資金問題,從2024年(nian)開始擬連續幾年(nian)發(fa)行超長(chang)期(qi)特別國(guo)債(zhai),專(zhuan)(zhuan)項(xiang)(xiang)用于國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)大(da)戰(zhan)略實施和(he)重(zhong)點領域安(an)(an)全能力建設,2024年(nian)先發(fa)行1萬億(yi)(yi)元。
穩健的貨(huo)幣政策要靈活適度(du)、精(jing)準有效(xiao)。保持流(liu)動(dong)性合理充裕,2024年保持社會融資規模、廣義貨(huo)幣供應(ying)量(liang)(M2)同經濟增長(chang)和(he)價(jia)格水(shui)平預(yu)期目標相匹配,更好(hao)滿(man)足實(shi)體(ti)經濟發展需(xu)要。推動(dong)貨(huo)幣信貸(dai)(dai)合理增長(chang),按照市場化(hua)、法治(zhi)化(hua)原(yuan)則(ze)滿(man)足實(shi)體(ti)經濟有效(xiao)貸(dai)(dai)款需(xu)求。發揮好(hao)貨(huo)幣政策工(gong)具總量(liang)和(he)結構(gou)雙重(zhong)(zhong)功能,引導金(jin)融機(ji)構(gou)加大對(dui)重(zhong)(zhong)大戰略、重(zhong)(zhong)點領域和(he)薄弱環節的支持力度(du)。
增(zeng)強宏(hong)觀政策取(qu)向(xiang)一致(zhi)性(xing)。把經(jing)(jing)濟政策和非經(jing)(jing)濟性(xing)政策一并納入宏(hong)觀政策取(qu)向(xiang)一致(zhi)性(xing)評(ping)估,加(jia)強政策統籌,確(que)保同向(xiang)發力(li)、形成合力(li)。加(jia)力(li)推(tui)動“十四五”規(gui)劃后半程實施,前瞻(zhan)謀劃“十五五”時期(qi)經(jing)(jing)濟社(she)會發展思路(lu)。
加強經濟(ji)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)和(he)輿論引導。強化預期管理(li),精準做好(hao)經濟(ji)形勢和(he)政策宣(xuan)傳(chuan)解讀,講好(hao)中國經濟(ji)發展(zhan)故事,為經濟(ji)持(chi)續回升向好(hao)提供有效支(zhi)撐(cheng)。
三、2024年國民經濟和社會發展計劃的主要任務
(一)以(yi)科技創(chuang)新(xin)引領(ling)現代化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)體系(xi)(xi)(xi)建設(she)(she),加快(kuai)形(xing)成新(xin)質生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)力(li)(li)。一是(shi)(shi)(shi)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)科技創(chuang)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。強化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)基(ji)(ji)礎研究前(qian)瞻(zhan)性(xing)、戰略(lve)性(xing)、系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)性(xing)布(bu)(bu)局。瞄準產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)需要,部署實施(shi)一批國(guo)家(jia)重(zhong)大科技項目。強化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)科技創(chuang)新(xin)主體地位。推(tui)動(dong)(dong)教育、科技、人才一體發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。二是(shi)(shi)(shi)加快(kuai)傳統(tong)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉型發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)優(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)。制(zhi)定實施(shi)重(zhong)點(dian)制(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)質降本擴量(liang)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)方案。實施(shi)制(zhi)造業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)核心(xin)競爭力(li)(li)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)行(xing)動(dong)(dong)、技術(shu)改造升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)工(gong)程(cheng)。健(jian)全市場化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)法治化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)解過剩(sheng)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)長效機制(zhi)。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)積極(ji)培育發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)興產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)未來產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)實施(shi)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創(chuang)新(xin)工(gong)程(cheng)。鞏固擴大新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源汽車(che)、信息通訊(xun)等(deng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)優(you)(you)勢。打造生(sheng)物制(zhi)造、商業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)航天(tian)、新(xin)材料、低空經濟(ji)等(deng)新(xin)增長引擎。制(zhi)定未來產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)劃和(he)支持政策。四是(shi)(shi)(shi)促(cu)進(jin)數字(zi)(zi)(zi)技術(shu)與實體經濟(ji)深度(du)融合(he)。制(zhi)定支持數字(zi)(zi)(zi)經濟(ji)高(gao)質量(liang)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)政策措施(shi)。適度(du)超前(qian)布(bu)(bu)局建設(she)(she)數字(zi)(zi)(zi)基(ji)(ji)礎設(she)(she)施(shi)。協(xie)同(tong)推(tui)進(jin)數字(zi)(zi)(zi)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)數字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。五是(shi)(shi)(shi)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)現代服(fu)(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)加快(kuai)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)融合(he)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)行(xing)動(dong)(dong),引導生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)性(xing)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)向專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和(he)價值鏈高(gao)端延伸(shen),促(cu)進(jin)生(sheng)活性(xing)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)向高(gao)品質和(he)多(duo)樣化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)。六是(shi)(shi)(shi)加快(kuai)建設(she)(she)現代化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)基(ji)(ji)礎設(she)(she)施(shi)體系(xi)(xi)(xi)。優(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)基(ji)(ji)礎設(she)(she)施(shi)布(bu)(bu)局、結構、功能(neng)(neng)和(he)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)集成,暢通國(guo)家(jia)基(ji)(ji)礎設(she)(she)施(shi)網絡(luo)主骨架,更好發(fa)揮基(ji)(ji)礎設(she)(she)施(shi)體系(xi)(xi)(xi)的(de)整體效能(neng)(neng)和(he)綜(zong)合(he)效益。
(二)著力(li)擴大(da)國內需求,進(jin)一步(bu)發揮消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費基礎(chu)作用和(he)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)關鍵作用。一是促(cu)進(jin)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費穩定增(zeng)長。改(gai)善居(ju)民消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費能力(li)和(he)預期,提升(sheng)居(ju)民消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費意愿。穩定汽車、家居(ju)等(deng)大(da)宗(zong)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費,鼓勵汽車、家電等(deng)傳統(tong)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費品以(yi)舊(jiu)換新,推(tui)(tui)動(dong)耐用消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費品以(yi)舊(jiu)換新。大(da)力(li)發展數字消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費、綠色(se)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費、健(jian)康消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)費。二是積極擴大(da)有效(xiao)投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。加(jia)力(li)提效(xiao)用好(hao)政(zheng)府投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),發揮好(hao)帶(dai)動(dong)放大(da)效(xiao)應。2024年安排(pai)中(zhong)央預算內投(tou)(tou)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)7000億(yi)元,比2023年增(zeng)加(jia)200億(yi)元。高質量(liang)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)增(zeng)發國債項(xiang)目建(jian)設(she)。規范實施政(zheng)府和(he)社(she)會(hui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本(ben)合(he)作新機制。以(yi)提高技術、能耗、排(pai)放等(deng)標準為牽(qian)引,推(tui)(tui)動(dong)各(ge)類生產設(she)備、服務設(she)備更新和(he)技術改(gai)造(zao)。堅持“項(xiang)目跟(gen)(gen)著規劃走”、“資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)、要素跟(gen)(gen)著項(xiang)目走”、“監管(guan)跟(gen)(gen)著資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)走”,加(jia)快項(xiang)目開工建(jian)設(she),推(tui)(tui)動(dong)盡(jin)快形成實物工作量(liang)。
(三)堅定(ding)不(bu)移深化(hua)(hua)改(gai)革(ge)(ge),構建高(gao)水平(ping)社(she)會主義市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)經(jing)濟(ji)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。一(yi)是(shi)深入(ru)落實(shi)“兩個(ge)毫不(bu)動(dong)搖”。深入(ru)實(shi)施國(guo)有(you)企業改(gai)革(ge)(ge)深化(hua)(hua)提升行動(dong)。加(jia)快推動(dong)民(min)營(ying)經(jing)濟(ji)促進法起草(cao)等(deng)相關立法工作,進一(yi)步解決(jue)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)準(zhun)入(ru)、要素(su)獲取、公平(ping)執法、權益保護等(deng)方面(mian)存(cun)在的(de)(de)突(tu)出(chu)問題。二(er)是(shi)深化(hua)(hua)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)體(ti)系改(gai)革(ge)(ge)。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)全國(guo)統一(yi)大市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)建設(she)(she)標準(zhun)指引(yin),完(wan)善(shan)適應全國(guo)統一(yi)大市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)建設(she)(she)的(de)(de)長效(xiao)體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。發(fa)布新版(ban)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)準(zhun)入(ru)負(fu)面(mian)清(qing)單,全面(mian)開展(zhan)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)準(zhun)入(ru)效(xiao)能(neng)評估,推出(chu)一(yi)批放寬市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)準(zhun)入(ru)特別措施。三是(shi)持續深化(hua)(hua)重點(dian)領(ling)域改(gai)革(ge)(ge)。扎實(shi)推進上海浦(pu)東新區、深圳、廈門綜合改(gai)革(ge)(ge)試點(dian)。謀劃新一(yi)輪(lun)財稅體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)。落實(shi)金融體(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)。四是(shi)加(jia)力優化(hua)(hua)營(ying)商環境(jing)。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)加(jia)快推進法治化(hua)(hua)營(ying)商環境(jing)建設(she)(she)的(de)(de)意見。實(shi)施營(ying)商環境(jing)改(gai)進提升行動(dong)。
(四)建設更(geng)高水平開放(fang)型經(jing)濟新體(ti)制(zhi),增強國(guo)內(nei)國(guo)際(ji)雙循(xun)環(huan)的動力(li)(li)和(he)活力(li)(li)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)是提升貿(mao)易(yi)(yi)投資合作質(zhi)量(liang)和(he)水平。加(jia)快培(pei)育外貿(mao)新動能(neng),拓展中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)品貿(mao)易(yi)(yi)、服務貿(mao)易(yi)(yi)、數(shu)字貿(mao)易(yi)(yi)、跨境電(dian)商出口。全(quan)(quan)面取消制(zhi)造業領(ling)域外資準入限制(zhi)措施,放(fang)寬電(dian)信(xin)、醫療等服務業市場準入。適時推出新一(yi)(yi)(yi)批標(biao)志性外資項目。二是深入落實支(zhi)(zhi)持高質(zhi)量(liang)共建“一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)(yi)路”八項行(xing)動。以(yi)落實好支(zhi)(zhi)持高質(zhi)量(liang)共建“一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)(yi)路”八項行(xing)動的“1+8”實施方案為工(gong)作主線(xian),統籌推進(jin)重大標(biao)志性工(gong)程(cheng)和(he)“小而美”民生(sheng)項目。優化中(zhong)(zhong)歐(ou)班列集結中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)布局(ju)(ju)。三是積(ji)極參(can)與全(quan)(quan)球治理體(ti)系(xi)改革和(he)建設。堅定(ding)維護多邊貿(mao)易(yi)(yi)體(ti)制(zhi),維護多元穩定(ding)的國(guo)際(ji)經(jing)濟格局(ju)(ju)和(he)經(jing)貿(mao)關系(xi)。
(五)有(you)力有(you)效推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)全面振興(xing),加快農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)現代化。一(yi)(yi)是切實(shi)抓好糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)等重要農(nong)產(chan)品生產(chan)。扎(zha)實(shi)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)新一(yi)(yi)輪千億斤糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)產(chan)能提升(sheng)(sheng)行(xing)動。穩(wen)定糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)播種面積(ji),調整(zheng)優化種植結構,實(shi)施(shi)糧(liang)食(shi)(shi)單產(chan)提升(sheng)(sheng)工程。鞏固大豆(dou)擴種成果。二(er)(er)是持(chi)續(xu)鞏固拓展脫貧攻堅成果。落(luo)實(shi)防止返貧監測幫扶機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),持(chi)續(xu)鞏固提升(sheng)(sheng)“三保障”和飲(yin)水(shui)安全成果。深(shen)(shen)入實(shi)施(shi)防止返貧就業攻堅行(xing)動。持(chi)續(xu)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)易地(di)搬遷(qian)后續(xu)扶持(chi)工作。三是提升(sheng)(sheng)鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)發展建(jian)設治理水(shui)平(ping)。精準務實(shi)培(pei)育鄉村(cun)(cun)(cun)產(chan)業,推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)一(yi)(yi)二(er)(er)三產(chan)業融合發展。完(wan)善聯農(nong)帶農(nong)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),實(shi)施(shi)農(nong)民增收促進(jin)(jin)行(xing)動。深(shen)(shen)化農(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)土地(di)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度改革(ge)。
(六(liu))扎實推(tui)(tui)動(dong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域協調發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和新(xin)型(xing)城鎮化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)設,加快(kuai)優化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)布局(ju)(ju)。一(yi)是(shi)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域協調發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。推(tui)(tui)進(jin)北京(jing)非(fei)首(shou)都(dou)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能疏解項目(mu)落(luo)地(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)設。繼續(xu)加強(qiang)長江(jiang)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)帶生態(tai)環境綜合(he)(he)(he)治(zhi)理。謀劃制(zhi)定新(xin)時期深化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)粵港澳大灣區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)(jian)設的(de)(de)政策措(cuo)(cuo)施。出(chu)臺實施持(chi)(chi)續(xu)深入(ru)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)長三(san)角一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)高質量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)若干政策措(cuo)(cuo)施的(de)(de)意見(jian)。支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)海南自由(you)貿易港進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)放寬市(shi)(shi)場準入(ru)。打好黃河生態(tai)保護治(zhi)理、污染防治(zhi)、深度節水攻(gong)堅戰(zhan)(zhan)。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)西(xi)部(bu)大開發(fa)(fa)形成新(xin)格局(ju)(ju)。支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)東北地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)加快(kuai)傳統(tong)優勢產業轉(zhuan)型(xing)升級和新(xin)興產業培育。促(cu)(cu)進(jin)中部(bu)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)加快(kuai)崛(jue)起。鼓勵東部(bu)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)加快(kuai)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)現代化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)福(fu)建(jian)(jian)探索海峽兩岸融(rong)合(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新(xin)路,建(jian)(jian)設兩岸融(rong)合(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)示范區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。大力(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)海洋經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)。二是(shi)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域戰(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)間聯(lian)動(dong)融(rong)合(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。創新(xin)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域協調發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)體(ti)制(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi),支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)有(you)條件的(de)(de)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)開展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)域戰(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)融(rong)合(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)先(xian)行(xing)探索。優化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)重(zhong)大生產力(li)布局(ju)(ju),加強(qiang)國家戰(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)腹地(di)(di)建(jian)(jian)設。支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)欠(qian)發(fa)(fa)達地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、革(ge)(ge)命老(lao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、民族(zu)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、生態(tai)退(tui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、資源(yuan)型(xing)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)和老(lao)工(gong)業城市(shi)(shi)等(deng)加快(kuai)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。加強(qiang)邊疆(jiang)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)(jian)設。三(san)是(shi)深化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)落(luo)實主(zhu)體(ti)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)戰(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)。研究制(zhi)定新(xin)時期深化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)落(luo)實主(zhu)體(ti)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)戰(zhan)(zhan)略(lve)和制(zhi)度的(de)(de)意見(jian),推(tui)(tui)動(dong)構建(jian)(jian)主(zhu)體(ti)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能綜合(he)(he)(he)布局(ju)(ju)。四是(shi)深入(ru)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)以(yi)人為(wei)本的(de)(de)新(xin)型(xing)城鎮化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。把加快(kuai)農業轉(zhuan)移人口市(shi)(shi)民化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)擺(bai)在突(tu)出(chu)位置(zhi),統(tong)籌推(tui)(tui)進(jin)戶籍制(zhi)度改革(ge)(ge)和城鎮基本公共服務均(jun)等(deng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)成渝地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)雙城經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)圈(quan)建(jian)(jian)設走深走實。穩步(bu)實施城市(shi)(shi)更新(xin)行(xing)動(dong)。以(yi)縣域為(wei)基本單元推(tui)(tui)進(jin)城鄉(xiang)融(rong)合(he)(he)(he)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。
(七)深入(ru)(ru)推(tui)進(jin)生態文明建設(she)和(he)(he)綠色低碳發展,加(jia)快(kuai)建設(she)美麗中(zhong)國。一是持(chi)續深入(ru)(ru)打好(hao)藍天、碧(bi)水(shui)、凈土保衛戰。以(yi)PM2.5控制(zhi)為主線,強化多污染(ran)物協(xie)同控制(zhi)和(he)(he)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)污染(ran)協(xie)同治理。深入(ru)(ru)實(shi)施環境基礎設(she)施建設(she)水(shui)平提升行動(dong)。二是加(jia)大生態系(xi)統保護力度。建立健(jian)全(quan)(quan)全(quan)(quan)域(yu)覆蓋的生態環境分區(qu)(qu)管控體系(xi)。加(jia)快(kuai)推(tui)進(jin)重(zhong)要生態系(xi)統保護和(he)(he)修復重(zhong)大工程。完善生態產(chan)品價值實(shi)現(xian)機制(zhi)。三是積極(ji)穩妥(tuo)推(tui)進(jin)碳達峰碳中(zhong)和(he)(he)。出臺促進(jin)經濟社會(hui)發展全(quan)(quan)面(mian)綠色轉(zhuan)型(xing)的意見,實(shi)施綠色低碳轉(zhuan)型(xing)產(chan)業指導(dao)目(mu)錄。扎實(shi)開展“碳達峰十(shi)大行動(dong)”。四(si)是扎實(shi)推(tui)進(jin)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)節(jie)約戰略。持(chi)續推(tui)動(dong)“能(neng)水(shui)糧地礦材(cai)”一體化節(jie)約,加(jia)強資(zi)源節(jie)約集約循環高效利(li)用。
(八)加(jia)強(qiang)重(zhong)大經濟金(jin)融風(feng)(feng)險(xian)防控,牢牢守(shou)住不發生系(xi)統性(xing)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)的底線。一是(shi)促進房地(di)產(chan)市(shi)場(chang)平穩(wen)健(jian)康發展(zhan)。壓(ya)實(shi)企(qi)業(ye)主體責任和城市(shi)屬地(di)責任,高質量(liang)完成(cheng)保交樓任務。一視同仁滿足不同所(suo)有(you)制房地(di)產(chan)企(qi)業(ye)的合理融資需求。因城施策用(yong)足用(yong)好(hao)政策工(gong)具箱,支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)剛性(xing)和改善性(xing)住房需求。加(jia)快(kuai)推進保障性(xing)住房建設。加(jia)快(kuai)構建房地(di)產(chan)發展(zhan)新(xin)模式。二是(shi)有(you)效防范(fan)(fan)(fan)化(hua)(hua)解地(di)方債務風(feng)(feng)險(xian)。統籌好(hao)地(di)方債務風(feng)(feng)險(xian)化(hua)(hua)解和穩(wen)定(ding)發展(zhan)。建立防范(fan)(fan)(fan)化(hua)(hua)解地(di)方債務風(feng)(feng)險(xian)長效機(ji)制,建立同高質量(liang)發展(zhan)相適應的政府債務管理機(ji)制。三是(shi)防范(fan)(fan)(fan)化(hua)(hua)解中(zhong)小(xiao)金(jin)融機(ji)構等金(jin)融風(feng)(feng)險(xian)。全(quan)面加(jia)強(qiang)金(jin)融監管,依法將所(suo)有(you)金(jin)融活動全(quan)部納(na)入(ru)監管。持(chi)(chi)續推進高風(feng)(feng)險(xian)中(zhong)小(xiao)金(jin)融機(ji)構改革(ge)化(hua)(hua)險(xian)、完善公司治理和風(feng)(feng)險(xian)內控機(ji)制。
(九)強(qiang)化重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點領(ling)域(yu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she),切實(shi)(shi)維護經濟安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。一(yi)是(shi)不斷夯實(shi)(shi)糧食安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)根基(ji)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面落實(shi)(shi)糧食安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)黨政(zheng)同責,嚴格耕地保(bao)護和糧食安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)責任(ren)(ren)制(zhi)(zhi)考(kao)核。大力(li)(li)推進高(gao)標準農(nong)田建(jian)設(she),適當提(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)中央(yang)和省級投資補助(zhu)水平(ping)。強(qiang)化對現代種業提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)工(gong)程建(jian)設(she)的支(zhi)持。實(shi)(shi)施農(nong)機裝備(bei)(bei)補短(duan)板行動(dong)。二是(shi)保(bao)障能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)資源(yuan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。加(jia)快規劃(hua)建(jian)設(she)新型能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)體系(xi),提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)自主(zhu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)保(bao)障能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。持續實(shi)(shi)施國(guo)內資源(yuan)保(bao)障能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)工(gong)程。做好(hao)(hao)迎峰度夏、度冬等用能(neng)(neng)高(gao)峰期(qi)(qi)和重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點時段能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)保(bao)供。三是(shi)保(bao)持產(chan)業鏈(lian)(lian)供應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)穩定。實(shi)(shi)施制(zhi)(zhi)造業重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點產(chan)業鏈(lian)(lian)高(gao)質量發展行動(dong),加(jia)強(qiang)質量支(zhi)撐和標準引(yin)領(ling),提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)業鏈(lian)(lian)供應(ying)(ying)鏈(lian)(lian)韌(ren)性和安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水平(ping)。四是(shi)加(jia)強(qiang)國(guo)家儲(chu)備(bei)(bei)體系(xi)建(jian)設(she)。穩步推進重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)點儲(chu)備(bei)(bei)設(she)施建(jian)設(she),加(jia)強(qiang)儲(chu)備(bei)(bei)管理(li)運營和安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)防(fang)護。五是(shi)強(qiang)化安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)和防(fang)災減災救災。深入落實(shi)(shi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)責任(ren)(ren)制(zhi)(zhi),扎(zha)實(shi)(shi)開展安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)治(zhi)本攻堅(jian)(jian)三年行動(dong),堅(jian)(jian)決(jue)防(fang)范和遏制(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)特大事故發生(sheng)。全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)力(li)(li)抓好(hao)(hao)災后恢復重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)。六(liu)是(shi)鞏固提(ti)(ti)(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)國(guo)防(fang)動(dong)員(yuan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)。研究制(zhi)(zhi)定推動(dong)新時期(qi)(qi)國(guo)防(fang)動(dong)員(yuan)高(gao)質量發展的政(zheng)策措施,加(jia)強(qiang)新域(yu)新質動(dong)員(yuan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)建(jian)設(she)。
(十)切實保(bao)障(zhang)和(he)改(gai)善民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng),增進(jin)(jin)民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)福祉。一(yi)是穩(wen)定就業(ye)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)增收。落實好就業(ye)優先政(zheng)策,促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)高校畢業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)、退役(yi)軍人、農民(min)(min)(min)工等重點群體(ti)(ti)(ti)就業(ye)。深化收入(ru)(ru)分配制(zhi)(zhi)度改(gai)革(ge),研究制(zhi)(zhi)定擴大中等收入(ru)(ru)群體(ti)(ti)(ti)、促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)低收入(ru)(ru)群體(ti)(ti)(ti)增收措施(shi)(shi)。二是健全多層次(ci)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會保(bao)障(zhang)體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)。織密扎牢社(she)(she)(she)(she)會保(bao)障(zhang)網,健全分層分類的社(she)(she)(she)(she)會救(jiu)助體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi)。推(tui)動社(she)(she)(she)(she)會保(bao)險參保(bao)擴面。三是提高公共服務(wu)水平。實施(shi)(shi)積極應對人口老齡(ling)化國家戰略。建立健全生(sheng)(sheng)育支持政(zheng)策體(ti)(ti)(ti)系(xi),大力發展(zhan)普惠托育服務(wu)。加快優質醫(yi)療資源擴容(rong)和(he)區域均(jun)衡(heng)布局。四(si)是促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)社(she)(she)(she)(she)會事業(ye)繁榮(rong)發展(zhan)。推(tui)動義務(wu)教育優質均(jun)衡(heng)發展(zhan)和(he)城鄉一(yi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)化。推(tui)動文化事業(ye)和(he)文化產(chan)業(ye)繁榮(rong)發展(zhan)。持續(xu)推(tui)進(jin)(jin)全民(min)(min)(min)健身工作。推(tui)動城市社(she)(she)(she)(she)區嵌入(ru)(ru)式(shi)服務(wu)設施(shi)(shi)建設工程落地生(sheng)(sheng)效。五(wu)是加強重要商(shang)品供應保(bao)障(zhang)。壓實“菜籃(lan)子(zi)”市長負責制(zhi)(zhi),做好糧(liang)油肉(rou)蛋菜等重要民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)商(shang)品保(bao)供穩(wen)價工作。加大價格監管力度。
繼(ji)續全面準確、堅(jian)定(ding)不移貫徹“一(yi)國兩制”、“港(gang)(gang)(gang)人治(zhi)(zhi)港(gang)(gang)(gang)”、“澳(ao)(ao)人治(zhi)(zhi)澳(ao)(ao)”、高度自(zi)治(zhi)(zhi)的方針(zhen),堅(jian)持(chi)依法治(zhi)(zhi)港(gang)(gang)(gang)治(zhi)(zhi)澳(ao)(ao),落實“愛國者治(zhi)(zhi)港(gang)(gang)(gang)”、“愛國者治(zhi)(zhi)澳(ao)(ao)”原(yuan)則,保持(chi)香港(gang)(gang)(gang)、澳(ao)(ao)門長期繁榮穩定(ding)。堅(jian)決貫徹新時(shi)代(dai)黨解決臺(tai)灣問題的總體方略,堅(jian)持(chi)一(yi)個中國原(yuan)則和“九二共(gong)識”,促進兩岸(an)經濟交流(liu)合作(zuo),深化(hua)兩岸(an)各領域融合發展。
做(zuo)好(hao)2024年經濟社(she)會(hui)發展工作(zuo)(zuo)任(ren)務艱(jian)巨(ju)、責任(ren)重大(da)。我們要更加緊密地團結在以(yi)習近平(ping)同志為(wei)核心的(de)(de)黨(dang)中(zhong)央周圍(wei),堅(jian)持以(yi)習近平(ping)新時(shi)代中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)特色(se)社(she)會(hui)主義思想為(wei)指導,全(quan)(quan)面(mian)貫(guan)徹(che)落(luo)實黨(dang)的(de)(de)二十(shi)大(da)和二十(shi)屆二中(zhong)全(quan)(quan)會(hui)精神,深(shen)刻領悟“兩個確立”的(de)(de)決(jue)定(ding)性意義,增(zeng)強“四(si)個意識”、堅(jian)定(ding)“四(si)個自(zi)信”、做(zuo)到(dao)“兩個維護”,按照黨(dang)中(zhong)央、國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)決(jue)策(ce)部(bu)署,自(zi)覺接受(shou)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)人大(da)的(de)(de)監督,認真聽取(qu)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)人大(da)代表、全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)政(zheng)協(xie)委(wei)員的(de)(de)意見和建議,不(bu)折不(bu)扣、雷厲風行、求真務實、敢作(zuo)(zuo)善為(wei)抓落(luo)實,奮(fen)發有為(wei)、真抓實干(gan)、攻堅(jian)克難,努力完成好(hao)全(quan)(quan)年目標任(ren)務,為(wei)以(yi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)式現代化(hua)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)推(tui)進強國(guo)(guo)建設(she)、民(min)族復興偉業作(zuo)(zuo)出新的(de)(de)更大(da)貢獻。
(注:M2為M右(you)下角加2,PM2.5為PM右(you)下角加2.5)
日期:2024-3-6 8:07:24 | 關閉 |
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