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前10月減稅降費效果持續顯現 財政收支運行呈現三大特點

11月(yue)(yue)19日，財政部公(gong)(gong)布今年(nian)前10個月(yue)(yue)財政收支情況。1—10月(yue)(yue)累計，全(quan)國(guo)一般公(gong)(gong)共預算收入(ru)167704億元，同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)3.8%，增(zeng)(zeng)幅比去(qu)年(nian)同(tong)期回落3.6個百分點。全(quan)國(guo)一般公(gong)(gong)共預算支出190587億元，同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)8.7%，增(zeng)(zeng)幅比去(qu)年(nian)同(tong)期提高(gao)1.1個百分點。

前10個月財政收支運行呈現三大特點

特點一：減稅降費效果持續顯現，相關稅收同比下降

1—10月(yue)(yue)，全國(guo)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)(shou)收(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)141514億元，同比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長0.4%，累計(ji)(ji)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)幅比(bi)(bi)(bi)1—9月(yue)(yue)提(ti)高0.8個百分(fen)點(dian)。當(dang)(dang)月(yue)(yue)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)(shou)收(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)幅回升，主要是(shi)去(qu)(qu)(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)四季度考慮(lv)將出臺更(geng)大(da)規模的(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)降(jiang)費(fei)，為及早支持(chi)企業紓(shu)困解難，稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)務部門(men)依法辦理(li)部分(fen)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)款延(yan)期繳納，導致去(qu)(qu)(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)同期收(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)基數較低(di)。扣除(chu)此因素后，當(dang)(dang)月(yue)(yue)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)(shou)收(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)4%左右，延(yan)續了5月(yue)(yue)份以來持(chi)續負增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長的(de)(de)態勢。主體稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)種同比(bi)(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)或小幅增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長：國(guo)內增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)值稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長3.2%，比(bi)(bi)(bi)去(qu)(qu)(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)同期回落(luo)7.1個百分(fen)點(dian)，主要受去(qu)(qu)(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)低(di)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)值稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)率政(zheng)策(ce)翹尾(wei)和(he)今年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)值稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)新增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)效(xiao)果進一步放(fang)大(da)等影響(xiang)(xiang)；企業所得稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長5.6%，比(bi)(bi)(bi)去(qu)(qu)(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)同期回落(luo)4個百分(fen)點(dian)，主要受提(ti)高研發(fa)費(fei)用稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)前加(jia)(jia)計(ji)(ji)扣除(chu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)例、小微企業普(pu)惠性稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)(shou)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)免，以及企業利潤同比(bi)(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)等影響(xiang)(xiang)；個人(ren)所得稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)28.6%，主要是(shi)去(qu)(qu)(qu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)提(ti)高起征(zheng)點(dian)、調整稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)率的(de)(de)政(zheng)策(ce)翹尾(wei)和(he)今年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)6項專項附(fu)加(jia)(jia)扣除(chu)的(de)(de)減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)效(xiao)應疊加(jia)(jia)釋放(fang)；進口貨(huo)物(wu)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)值稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、消(xiao)費(fei)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)9.2%，主要受下(xia)(xia)調進口貨(huo)物(wu)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)值稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)率等影響(xiang)(xiang)。各地全部頂格按50%稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)率減(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)征(zheng)小規模納稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)人(ren)“六(liu)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)兩費(fei)”（具體包括資源稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、城市維護(hu)建(jian)設稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、房產稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、城鎮土地使用稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、印(yin)花稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)<不(bu)含(han)證券交(jiao)易(yi)印(yin)花稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)>、耕地占用稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、教(jiao)育(yu)費(fei)附(fu)加(jia)(jia)、地方教(jiao)育(yu)費(fei)附(fu)加(jia)(jia)），1—10月(yue)(yue)“六(liu)稅(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)兩費(fei)”合計(ji)(ji)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)0.4%。

特點二：多渠道盤活國有資源資產增加非稅收入，涉及降費政策的有關收入繼續下降

1—10月(yue)(yue)(yue)，全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)非(fei)(fei)稅(shui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)26190億(yi)元，同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)5581億(yi)元，增(zeng)(zeng)長27.1%。增(zeng)(zeng)幅(fu)高(gao)，主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)通(tong)過特(te)定國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)金融機(ji)構和國(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)(qi)上繳(jiao)利潤，以及多渠道盤活國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)資(zi)(zi)源資(zi)(zi)產等方(fang)式(shi)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)非(fei)(fei)稅(shui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)。其中(zhong)：國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)資(zi)(zi)本經營收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)5902億(yi)元，同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)4088億(yi)元，增(zeng)(zeng)長2.3倍(bei)，拉高(gao)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)非(fei)(fei)稅(shui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)增(zeng)(zeng)幅(fu)20個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)。主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)特(te)定國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)金融機(ji)構和央企(qi)(qi)上繳(jiao)利潤4655億(yi)元，同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)3175億(yi)元；地(di)方(fang)也積極采取國(guo)(guo)(guo)企(qi)(qi)上繳(jiao)利潤等方(fang)式(shi)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)。國(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)資(zi)(zi)源（資(zi)(zi)產）有(you)償(chang)使用(yong)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)6454億(yi)元，同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)(jia)965億(yi)元，增(zeng)(zeng)長17.6%，拉高(gao)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)非(fei)(fei)稅(shui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)增(zeng)(zeng)幅(fu)5個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)，主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)地(di)方(fang)行(xing)(xing)政事業(ye)(ye)單位資(zi)(zi)產等非(fei)(fei)經營性(xing)資(zi)(zi)產收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)集中(zhong)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)庫。以上兩項(xiang)合計(ji)增(zeng)(zeng)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)額占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)非(fei)(fei)稅(shui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)增(zeng)(zeng)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)額的91%，拉高(gao)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)非(fei)(fei)稅(shui)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)增(zeng)(zeng)幅(fu)25個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)。同(tong)時，行(xing)(xing)政事業(ye)(ye)性(xing)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei)(fei)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)在(zai)去年同(tong)期大幅(fu)下(xia)(xia)降18.6%的基礎上，今年1—10月(yue)(yue)(yue)僅增(zeng)(zeng)長0.2%。7月(yue)(yue)(yue)1日起降低無(wu)線電頻(pin)率(lv)占(zhan)用(yong)費(fei)(fei)、商標注冊收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei)(fei)等部分(fen)行(xing)(xing)政事業(ye)(ye)性(xing)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei)(fei)標準(zhun)，相關(guan)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)入(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)大幅(fu)下(xia)(xia)降：1—10月(yue)(yue)(yue)，工業(ye)(ye)和信息產業(ye)(ye)行(xing)(xing)政事業(ye)(ye)性(xing)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei)(fei)下(xia)(xia)降53%，市(shi)場監管行(xing)(xing)政事業(ye)(ye)性(xing)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)費(fei)(fei)下(xia)(xia)降31.6%。

特點三：財政支出保持較快增長，重點支出預算執行情況良好

各級財政(zheng)(zheng)部門面對減稅降費帶來的減收壓力(li)(li)，積極主動作為，努力(li)(li)挖潛(qian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)收，保持較高的財政(zheng)(zheng)支(zhi)出強度，支(zhi)持國(guo)家的重大戰略、重點(dian)(dian)改革和重要(yao)政(zheng)(zheng)策措施落地(di)。1—10月，全(quan)國(guo)一般(ban)公共(gong)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)支(zhi)出同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)8.7%，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)幅比(bi)去年同(tong)(tong)(tong)期提高1.1個百分(fen)點(dian)(dian)，比(bi)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)幅（6.5%）高2.2個百分(fen)點(dian)(dian)。其(qi)中：中央一般(ban)公共(gong)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)本級支(zhi)出27577億元，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)9%；地(di)方一般(ban)公共(gong)預(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)支(zhi)出163010億元，同(tong)(tong)(tong)比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)8.7%。分(fen)項目看，1—10月，教育、科學(xue)技(ji)術支(zhi)出分(fen)別增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)9.2%、10.9%，社會保障(zhang)和就(jiu)業、衛生健康支(zhi)出分(fen)別增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)8.7%、9.9%，節能環保支(zhi)出增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)15.2%，城鄉(xiang)社區支(zhi)出增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)11.3%。

積極采取措施應對財政收支平衡壓力

財政(zheng)部有關(guan)負責人表示，今年以(yi)來，面對(dui)實施更(geng)大(da)規模減稅(shui)降費帶來的財政(zheng)減收(shou)，各級財政(zheng)部門認真貫徹落實黨中央、國務院決策部署(shu)，積極采(cai)取措施實現財政(zheng)收(shou)支平(ping)衡。

一是多渠(qu)道籌(chou)(chou)集(ji)資金彌(mi)補(bu)(bu)減收。中央財(cai)政(zheng)按照年初預(yu)(yu)算(suan)安排，采(cai)(cai)取(qu)增(zeng)加(jia)特定國有(you)金融機構和央企上繳利潤(run)、加(jia)大預(yu)(yu)算(suan)穩(wen)定調(diao)節(jie)基(ji)金調(diao)入(ru)力度、適當增(zeng)加(jia)中央財(cai)政(zheng)赤字(zi)等措施彌(mi)補(bu)(bu)減收。地方(fang)(fang)財(cai)政(zheng)也統(tong)籌(chou)(chou)采(cai)(cai)取(qu)盤活國有(you)資源資產、加(jia)大預(yu)(yu)算(suan)穩(wen)定調(diao)節(jie)基(ji)金調(diao)入(ru)力度等方(fang)(fang)式籌(chou)(chou)集(ji)收入(ru)。

二是大(da)力壓(ya)減(jian)一(yi)般(ban)性(xing)支(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)。今年中(zhong)央部門帶頭壓(ya)減(jian)一(yi)般(ban)性(xing)支(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)5%以上，除重(zhong)點、剛性(xing)項目外，其他項目支(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)平均壓(ya)減(jian)幅度達(da)到10％。在嚴格落實(shi)年初既定的一(yi)般(ban)性(xing)支(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)壓(ya)減(jian)5%的基(ji)礎上，部分地區主動加大(da)壓(ya)減(jian)力度，節(jie)省更多資金用于支(zhi)(zhi)持重(zhong)點建設(she)和民生(sheng)改善。

三是硬化預(yu)(yu)算(suan)執行(xing)約束。為確(que)保(bao)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)平衡(heng)目標實(shi)現，中(zhong)央財政帶(dai)頭把緊預(yu)(yu)算(suan)關(guan)口(kou)，嚴(yan)格(ge)控制預(yu)(yu)算(suan)追(zhui)加(jia)事項，除應急救災(zai)等支出外(wai)，執行(xing)中(zhong)原則上不再(zai)出臺增支政策，必須(xu)出臺的政策通過以后年(nian)度預(yu)(yu)算(suan)安排解決。各(ge)地也(ye)將嚴(yan)控預(yu)(yu)算(suan)追(zhui)加(jia)作為今年(nian)工(gong)作重點(dian)，避免因追(zhui)加(jia)預(yu)(yu)算(suan)沖擊預(yu)(yu)算(suan)平衡(heng)。

四是加(jia)(jia)強“三保(bao)”等重點(dian)支(zhi)出保(bao)障(zhang)。為(wei)緩(huan)解(jie)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)收支(zhi)壓力，支(zhi)持地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)財(cai)(cai)政平(ping)穩運行，今年中央(yang)財(cai)(cai)政加(jia)(jia)大了對(dui)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)轉(zhuan)移(yi)支(zhi)付力度(du)，比上年增(zeng)長9%，力度(du)是近幾年最大的。在(zai)財(cai)(cai)力吃緊(jin)的情況下，地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)財(cai)(cai)政也在(zai)大力調整支(zhi)出結構，切實加(jia)(jia)強預(yu)算管理，大力保(bao)障(zhang)“三保(bao)”等必保(bao)支(zhi)出。

下一步，財(cai)政(zheng)部將(jiang)堅持不懈(xie)做好2019年財(cai)政(zheng)收(shou)支預算管理，確(que)保全年財(cai)政(zheng)收(shou)支運行平穩，為經濟持續(xu)健康(kang)發(fa)展和社會(hui)大局穩定提供堅強物質保障。

前10月地方一般公共預算本級收入增幅同比回落3.8個百分點

財政部有(you)關負(fu)責人表示，1—10月累計，地(di)方一般公共預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)本級(ji)收入87042億元，同(tong)比增長3.3%，增幅同(tong)比回(hui)落3.8個百分(fen)點。據了解，受減收影(ying)響，目前湖北、重慶、吉林已按預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)法規定(ding)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)省本級(ji)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)，主要是(shi)減少預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)總(zong)支出、調(diao)(diao)入預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)穩定(ding)調(diao)(diao)節基金；其(qi)他地(di)區部分(fen)市縣也調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)了預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。下(xia)一步，財政部將繼續密切(qie)關注(zhu)地(di)方預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)執行情況，督促地(di)方實現(xian)全年預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)平衡，如有(you)必要及時(shi)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。