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cciia.org.cn　 2020-8-5 7:53:46　 法治日(ri)報(bao)——法制網(wang)

法(fa)治(zhi)日(ri)報全媒體記者 侯(hou)建斌

中小企(qi)業貢獻了(le)50%以(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)稅收,60%以(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)GDP,70%以(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)技術創(chuang)新(xin),80%以(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)城鎮勞動就業,90%以(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)企(qi)業數(shu)量(liang),是(shi)國民經濟(ji)和(he)社會(hui)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)主力軍,是(shi)建(jian)設現代化經濟(ji)體系、推(tui)動經濟(ji)實現高質(zhi)量(liang)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)基(ji)礎,是(shi)擴(kuo)大就業、改善民生的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)支撐。

不(bu)過,新冠肺炎疫情對(dui)我國中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)生(sheng)存(cun)和(he)發展帶來了嚴(yan)重沖擊(ji),不(bu)少中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)生(sheng)產經營困難增多,一些基礎性(xing)(xing)、制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)性(xing)(xing)問題凸顯。工(gong)信部有關負責人介紹說,工(gong)業(ye)和(he)信息化部會同國務(wu)院促進中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)發展工(gong)作領(ling)導小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)組成員單位(wei)在(zai)多措并舉幫助中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)有序(xu)復工(gong)復產、渡過當(dang)前(qian)困境的同時,結合(he)當(dang)前(qian)中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)面臨的新形(xing)勢、新問題,著眼于(yu)(yu)長期制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)建設,加強頂層設計,共(gong)同研究制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)《關于(yu)(yu)健全支持中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)發展制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)的若(ruo)干意見(jian)》(以下(xia)簡稱(cheng)《意見(jian)》)。

助中小企業應對各類不可抗力事件

據工(gong)信部有關(guan)(guan)負(fu)責人介紹,《意見》突出問題(ti)導向、結果(guo)導向,重(zhong)在構建系(xi)(xi)統完備、科學規范、運(yun)行有效的支持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)企業發展(zhan)制(zhi)度,形成(cheng)“長短結合”的多層次(ci)政(zheng)策體系(xi)(xi)。注重(zhong)與《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)企業促進(jin)法》和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)辦、國(guo)辦《關(guan)(guan)于促進(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)企業健康發展(zhan)的指導意見》以及新(xin)冠肺炎疫(yi)情以來(lai)出臺(tai)的財稅、金融、社保等一(yi)系(xi)(xi)列階段性(xing)惠企幫扶政(zheng)策做(zuo)好銜接,做(zuo)到(dao)既重(zhong)當前,更(geng)利(li)長遠(yuan)。

注重問題導向。《意見》聚焦中(zhong)小企業發展(zhan)及相(xiang)關工作中(zhong)的(de)難(nan)點(dian)、痛(tong)點(dian)和堵(du)點(dian),特別是一些基礎(chu)性(xing)、制(zhi)度性(xing)問題,著(zhu)力在壓實地方政府責任、健(jian)全(quan)金融財(cai)稅(shui)支(zhi)持(chi)體(ti)(ti)系、完(wan)善(shan)中(zhong)小企業服務體(ti)(ti)系和加強中(zhong)小企業合法權(quan)益保護等方面提(ti)出更多要求,重在健(jian)全(quan)支(zhi)持(chi)中(zhong)小企業發展(zhan)各項制(zhi)度,完(wan)善(shan)基礎(chu)性(xing)工作,形成常態化、長效化機(ji)制(zhi)。

注重制(zhi)度創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)。《意見(jian)》更加突出對(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)的支(zhi)持,加大了對(dui)(dui)提升中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)管(guan)理水(shui)平、知識產權保護以及國際交流合(he)作的支(zhi)持力度,并針對(dui)(dui)當前中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)信用體系進行制(zhi)度設(she)計。同時(shi),考慮到(dao)疫(yi)情對(dui)(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的沖擊,為以后工作中(zhong)(zhong)更好幫助(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)應對(dui)(dui)各類不(bu)可(ke)抗(kang)力事(shi)件(jian),在《若(ruo)干意見(jian)》中(zhong)(zhong)創(chuang)(chuang)新(xin)性提出“建立健全(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)應急救援(yuan)救濟機制(zhi),幫助(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)應對(dui)(dui)自然(ran)災害、事(shi)故災難、公(gong)共衛生(sheng)事(shi)件(jian)和社會(hui)安全(quan)事(shi)件(jian)等(deng)不(bu)可(ke)抗(kang)力事(shi)件(jian)”。

避免對中小企業采取簡單粗暴處理

《意見》聚焦落準、落細、落實,既提出了(le)緩解中(zhong)小企業融資難、融資貴等突出問題的具(ju)體(ti)措施,又(you)對(dui)加(jia)大財稅(shui)支持、優化服務體(ti)系(xi)、保護中(zhong)小企業合法權益等方(fang)(fang)面進行(xing)了(le)制度設計,同時(shi)對(dui)完善基礎(chu)性制度、壓實地方(fang)(fang)政府(fu)責任(ren)提出了(le)要求,共從7方(fang)(fang)面提出了(le)25條具(ju)體(ti)措施。

工信部(bu)有關負責人介紹說,更(geng)加突出了完(wan)善(shan)支持中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展的(de)基(ji)(ji)礎性(xing)制(zhi)度。《若干意見》堅(jian)持充分發(fa)揮市場在資源(yuan)配置中(zhong)的(de)決定性(xing)作用,秉承競爭精(jing)神和法治理(li)念,通(tong)過健全中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)法律法規體(ti)系(xi),堅(jian)持公(gong)平競爭制(zhi)度,完(wan)善(shan)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)統計監測和發(fa)布制(zhi)度,健全中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)信用制(zhi)度,完(wan)善(shan)公(gong)正監管制(zhi)度等方面(mian),完(wan)善(shan)支持中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展的(de)根本性(xing)、基(ji)(ji)礎性(xing)制(zhi)度及工作體(ti)系(xi),進(jin)一步營(ying)造(zao)良(liang)好環境,為實施好各項(xiang)政策奠定基(ji)(ji)礎。

在健全(quan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業法(fa)(fa)律(lv)法(fa)(fa)規(gui)體(ti)系方(fang)面,《意(yi)見(jian)》要(yao)求以中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業促(cu)進法(fa)(fa)為基礎,加快構建具有中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國特色、支持(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業發(fa)(fa)展、保護(hu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業合(he)法(fa)(fa)權(quan)益的(de)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)法(fa)(fa)規(gui)體(ti)系。鼓勵地(di)方(fang)依法(fa)(fa)制定本地(di)促(cu)進中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業發(fa)(fa)展的(de)地(di)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)規(gui)。探索(suo)建立中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業法(fa)(fa)律(lv)法(fa)(fa)規(gui)評估制度(du)和執行情(qing)況檢(jian)查制度(du),督促(cu)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)法(fa)(fa)規(gui)落實到位。

要全面實施市(shi)場準入負(fu)面清單制(zhi)度,公正公平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)對待(dai)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業,破(po)除(chu)不合理(li)門檻和(he)限制(zhi),實現大中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)業和(he)各(ge)種所有(you)制(zhi)經(jing)濟權(quan)利平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)等(deng)、機會(hui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)等(deng)、規(gui)則平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)等(deng)。全面落實公平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)競爭審查制(zhi)度,完善審查流程和(he)標(biao)準,建立健(jian)全公平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)競爭審查投(tou)訴、公示、抽查制(zhi)度。加強和(he)改進反壟斷和(he)反不正當競爭執法,維護市(shi)場競爭秩序。

此外,減(jian)少監管(guan)(guan)事(shi)項,簡化辦事(shi)流(liu)程,推(tui)廣全程網(wang)上(shang)辦、引導幫辦,全面推(tui)行信用(yong)監管(guan)(guan)和(he)“互聯(lian)網(wang)+監管(guan)(guan)”改(gai)革。推(tui)進分級分類、跨部門聯(lian)合監管(guan)(guan),加強和(he)規范事(shi)中(zhong)事(shi)后監管(guan)(guan),落(luo)實和(he)完(wan)善包(bao)容審慎監管(guan)(guan),避免(mian)對(dui)中(zhong)小企業(ye)采取簡單粗暴處(chu)理(li)措(cuo)施,對(dui)“一刀切”行為嚴肅查(cha)處(chu)。

建立保障促進中小企業發展長效機制

工信部有關負責人指出,《意見(jian)(jian)》更加突出建(jian)立(li)和(he)保(bao)障促進中小(xiao)企業發展(zhan)的(de)(de)長效(xiao)(xiao)機(ji)制(zhi)。《意見(jian)(jian)》從完(wan)善和(he)優化服(fu)務體系、建(jian)立(li)健全合(he)法權(quan)益保(bao)護制(zhi)度到(dao)強化組織領導制(zhi)度等方面(mian)提出一系列要求,著(zhu)重從推(tui)動(dong)建(jian)立(li)支持中小(xiao)企業發展(zhan)的(de)(de)長效(xiao)(xiao)機(ji)制(zhi)上發力。

《意見》明確,要構建保(bao)(bao)(bao)護中小企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)及(ji)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)合(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權制(zhi)度。堅決保(bao)(bao)(bao)護中小企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)及(ji)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)家(jia)(jia)合(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權,依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)懲治(zhi)侵犯(fan)中小企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)投資者、管理者和從業(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)合(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權益的違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)犯(fan)罪行為。嚴(yan)格(ge)按照法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)定程序(xu)采取查封(feng)、扣押、凍結等措施,依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)嚴(yan)格(ge)區(qu)分(fen)違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)所得、其他涉(she)案(an)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)與(yu)合(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),嚴(yan)格(ge)區(qu)分(fen)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)人(ren)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)與(yu)股東個人(ren)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),嚴(yan)格(ge)區(qu)分(fen)涉(she)案(an)人(ren)員(yuan)個人(ren)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)與(yu)家(jia)(jia)庭成員(yuan)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。建立涉(she)政府產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權糾紛治(zhi)理長效(xiao)機制(zhi)。出臺并落實《保(bao)(bao)(bao)障中小企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)款項支付(fu)條例》,從源頭遏制(zhi)拖(tuo)欠問題。

《意見》要求,健全(quan)(quan)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)保護制(zhi)度。完(wan)善知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)保護法律(lv)法規和政(zheng)策(ce),建(jian)立健全(quan)(quan)懲罰性賠(pei)償(chang)制(zhi)度,提高(gao)法定賠(pei)償(chang)額(e)。實施中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)戰略推(tui)進(jin)工程,加強(qiang)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)業(ye)(ye)集聚發(fa)展區建(jian)設,強(qiang)化(hua)專利導(dao)航(hang)工作(zuo)機制(zhi),完(wan)善支持中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)開(kai)發(fa)自主知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)技(ji)術和產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品的(de)政(zheng)策(ce),提升中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)創(chuang)造、運用、保護和管理知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)能力(li)。優化(hua)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)維權(quan)(quan)機制(zhi),建(jian)設一批知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)保護中(zhong)心。構(gou)建(jian)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)糾紛多(duo)元化(hua)解(jie)決機制(zhi),強(qiang)化(hua)中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)信息公共(gong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu),推(tui)進(jin)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)糾紛仲裁調解(jie)工作(zuo)。提高(gao)知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)審查效(xiao)率,減輕中(zhong)小(xiao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)申請(qing)和維持知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)(shi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)的(de)費用負擔。

此外(wai),《意見》強調,要完善中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小企(qi)(qi)業維(wei)(wei)權救濟制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)。構建統一的政務(wu)咨(zi)詢(xun)投訴(su)(su)舉(ju)報(bao)平臺,暢通中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小企(qi)(qi)業表(biao)達訴(su)(su)求(qiu)渠(qu)道,完善咨(zi)詢(xun)投訴(su)(su)舉(ju)報(bao)處理(li)程(cheng)序和督辦考(kao)核機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。探索建立中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小企(qi)(qi)業公(gong)益訴(su)(su)訟制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)、國際(ji)維(wei)(wei)權服務(wu)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)。鼓(gu)勵法(fa)律服務(wu)機(ji)(ji)構開展(zhan)小微企(qi)(qi)業法(fa)律咨(zi)詢(xun)公(gong)益服務(wu)。建立健全中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小企(qi)(qi)業應急救援救濟機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi),幫助中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小企(qi)(qi)業應對自然災害、事(shi)故災難、公(gong)共衛生事(shi)件和社(she)會安(an)全事(shi)件等不可抗力事(shi)件。

日期：2020-8-5 7:53:46 | 關閉 |