2022年1月,全國檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)長(擴大(da)(da))會議強(qiang)調,要以檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)大(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)戰略賦能(neng)新時代(dai)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)工作高質量發(fa)展(zhan)。行(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)監(jian)(jian)督辦(ban)(ban)案(an)(an)要深入推進檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)大(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)戰略,推動(dong)辦(ban)(ban)案(an)(an)模式從“個(ge)案(an)(an)為(wei)主、數(shu)量驅(qu)動(dong)”向(xiang)“類案(an)(an)為(wei)主、數(shu)據(ju)(ju)賦能(neng)”轉變(bian),通過數(shu)據(ju)(ju)分析、數(shu)據(ju)(ju)碰撞、數(shu)據(ju)(ju)挖(wa)掘發(fa)現治理(li)漏洞或者監(jian)(jian)督線索,依法(fa)(fa)(fa)能(neng)動(dong)履行(xing)行(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)監(jian)(jian)督職責,助力推進國家治理(li)體系和(he)治理(li)能(neng)力現代(dai)化。為(wei)幫助廣(guang)大(da)(da)行(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)人員更好理(li)解、掌握(wo)、運用大(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律監(jian)(jian)督的內(nei)涵和(he)辦(ban)(ban)案(an)(an)方法(fa)(fa)(fa),現發(fa)布7件大(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)賦能(neng)行(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)監(jian)(jian)督典(dian)型案(an)(an)例,供各地檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)關(guan)行(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)部門參考借鑒。
案例一:浙江省某縣檢察院督促市場監督管理部門依法變更法定代表人檢察監督案
【關鍵詞】
未依法變更法定代表人 大數據檢索 類案監督 督促履行監管職責
【要旨】
檢察機關(guan)在辦案中發(fa)現行政機關(guan)不履行或者怠(dai)于履行監管職責,致使不符合(he)規定的(de)人員擔任公司、非公司企業法人的(de)法定代表人,以個案為基礎,通過(guo)大數據檢索、數字建模比對,梳理同類(lei)問題(ti),制發(fa)類(lei)案檢察建議,督(du)促行政機關(guan)依(yi)法履職,推動實(shi)現數據共(gong)享互通,合(he)力優化營商環境。
【線索發現】
2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue),某(mou)(mou)縣檢察院在履行法(fa)律監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)職(zhi)責中發現,2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)(yue)27日(ri)(ri),丁某(mou)(mou)某(mou)(mou)因(yin)犯銷(xiao)售(shou)假藥罪(zui)被(bei)縣法(fa)院判處有期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)徒刑(xing)八個月(yue)(yue),緩(huan)刑(xing)一年(nian)(nian)(nian),并(bing)處罰(fa)金人民幣(bi)3萬元(yuan)。2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)19日(ri)(ri),因(yin)在緩(huan)刑(xing)考驗期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內發現漏罪(zui),被(bei)縣法(fa)院撤(che)銷(xiao)緩(huan)刑(xing),數罪(zui)并(bing)罰(fa),合并(bing)執(zhi)行有期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)徒刑(xing)八個月(yue)(yue),并(bing)處罰(fa)金人民幣(bi)3.5萬元(yuan)。刑(xing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)自(zi)(zi)2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)19日(ri)(ri)起至(zhi)2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)18日(ri)(ri)止(zhi)。刑(xing)滿釋放后,丁某(mou)(mou)某(mou)(mou)于2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)14日(ri)(ri)在縣市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)管理局某(mou)(mou)分(fen)局辦理設(she)(she)立(li)登(deng)記有限責任公(gong)司(自(zi)(zi)然人獨(du)資)“某(mou)(mou)貿易(yi)有限公(gong)司”,由其本人擔任公(gong)司法(fa)定(ding)(ding)代表(biao)人。根據相(xiang)關法(fa)律規定(ding)(ding),丁某(mou)(mou)某(mou)(mou)因(yin)破壞(huai)社會主(zhu)義市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)經濟秩序被(bei)判處刑(xing)罰(fa),執(zhi)行期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)滿未逾5年(nian)(nian)(nian),不(bu)得擔任公(gong)司法(fa)定(ding)(ding)代表(biao)人。不(bu)符合法(fa)定(ding)(ding)任職(zhi)條件的(de)人員擔任公(gong)司、非公(gong)司企業法(fa)人的(de)法(fa)定(ding)(ding)代表(biao)人,對市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)秩序、營商環境(jing)等產生負面影響,不(bu)利于市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)安全。通過(guo)對該案(an)進(jin)行分(fen)析(xi)研判,縣檢察院認為(wei),市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)主(zhu)體設(she)(she)立(li)登(deng)記時市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管部門采取(qu)形式審(shen)查,且變更登(deng)記的(de)申請由市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)主(zhu)體提出,市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管部門較為(wei)被(bei)動,數據壁壘影響市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管部門對市(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)主(zhu)體登(deng)記情況的(de)有效(xiao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管,產生了(le)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管風(feng)險(xian)和漏洞。該問(wen)題絕非個案(an),存在類案(an)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)的(de)可能(neng),有必(bi)要通過(guo)大(da)數據分(fen)析(xi)開展專項治理。
【數據賦能】
(一)數據(ju)收集 從(cong)以(yi)下不同途徑(jing)收集數據(ju):1.刑事案件基本信息(來源于(yu)全國檢察(cha)業務(wu)應(ying)用(yong)系統或浙江檢察(cha)數據(ju)應(ying)用(yong)平臺);2.市場主(zhu)體名(ming)單數據(ju)(來源于(yu)市場監管部門(men));3.刑事裁(cai)判文(wen)書(來源于(yu)浙江裁(cai)判文(wen)書檢索(suo))。
(二(er)(er))數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)分析步(bu)驟 第一步(bu):獲取基礎數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。從(cong)當地(di)市場監(jian)管部門獲取轄(xia)區內(nei)(nei)存(cun)續的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)市場主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)名單數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(排除被吊銷、注銷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)),同(tong)時(shi)(shi)從(cong)全(quan)國檢(jian)(jian)察業務應用系統內(nei)(nei)調(diao)取刑(xing)(xing)(xing)事(shi)案件受(shou)理(li)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),在浙江檢(jian)(jian)察數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)應用平(ping)臺上形成基礎數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庫(ku);第二(er)(er)步(bu):確(que)定數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)篩(shai)選(xuan)指(zhi)標。設(she)置刑(xing)(xing)(xing)事(shi)案件數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刑(xing)(xing)(xing)罰種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)篩(shai)選(xuan)條件為(wei)“有期徒刑(xing)(xing)(xing)”“拘役”“管制”“剝奪政治權利(li)”,罪(zui)名篩(shai)選(xuan)條件選(xuan)擇“貪(tan)污賄(hui)賂(lu)類(lei)(lei)”“破壞(huai)市場經濟秩序類(lei)(lei)”,由此(ci)可以將(jiang)大(da)批量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)縮(suo)小(xiao)范圍;第三步(bu):數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)比(bi)(bi)對。將(jiang)第二(er)(er)步(bu)篩(shai)選(xuan)處理(li)過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刑(xing)(xing)(xing)事(shi)案件基本信(xin)息數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)與市場主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)名單數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)進(jin)行碰撞(zhuang),得出(chu)市場主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)法(fa)定代表人(ren)涉特定刑(xing)(xing)(xing)事(shi)案件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang);第四步(bu):調(diao)查(cha)核(he)實(shi)(shi)。核(he)實(shi)(shi)刑(xing)(xing)(xing)罰執行完畢時(shi)(shi)間、市場主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)類(lei)(lei)型、公司(si)設(she)立登記時(shi)(shi)間、擔任法(fa)定代表人(ren)時(shi)(shi)間等數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),核(he)實(shi)(shi)后(hou)篩(shai)查(cha)出(chu)檢(jian)(jian)察監(jian)督線(xian)索;第五步(bu):數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)反比(bi)(bi)對。因數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)涉及個人(ren)信(xin)息等情(qing)況(kuang),從(cong)行政機關調(diao)取的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)存(cun)在不完整性(xing),或(huo)信(xin)息存(cun)在更(geng)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可能,調(diao)查(cha)核(he)實(shi)(shi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),需要協(xie)調(diao)行政機關進(jin)行數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)反比(bi)(bi)對,比(bi)(bi)對出(chu)違規(gui)擔任法(fa)定代表人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)確(que)切數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。
(三)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)分析關(guan)(guan)鍵點 《中(zhong)華人(ren)民(min)共和國市場(chang)主體登(deng)記(ji)管(guan)理(li)條例》第十二條第二項規(gui)定,“因貪污(wu)(wu)、賄賂、侵(qin)占財產、挪用(yong)財產或者(zhe)破(po)壞社會主義市場(chang)經(jing)濟秩(zhi)序被判(pan)處(chu)刑罰(fa)(fa),執行(xing)(xing)期滿(man)未(wei)逾5年(nian),或者(zhe)因犯罪被剝奪政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)權利,執行(xing)(xing)期滿(man)未(wei)逾5年(nian)”,“不得擔(dan)(dan)任(ren)公司、非公司企業法人(ren)的(de)(de)法定代表人(ren)”。由此,在(zai)該類(lei)案(an)件中(zhong)應當著重把(ba)握三個關(guan)(guan)鍵點:一是“時間(jian)”,設立(li)登(deng)記(ji)公司擔(dan)(dan)任(ren)法定代表人(ren)的(de)(de)時間(jian)和刑罰(fa)(fa)執行(xing)(xing)完畢(bi)的(de)(de)時間(jian),違(wei)法擔(dan)(dan)任(ren)法定代表人(ren)的(de)(de)時間(jian)應當在(zai)刑罰(fa)(fa)執行(xing)(xing)完畢(bi)的(de)(de)5年(nian)內,需要收(shou)集5年(nian)內生效的(de)(de)刑事(shi)裁判(pan)文書;二是“罪名”,以貪污(wu)(wu)、賄賂、侵(qin)占財產、挪用(yong)財產、破(po)壞社會主義市場(chang)經(jing)濟秩(zhi)序等為篩選條件,刑事(shi)案(an)件基本信(xin)息數(shu)據(ju)(ju)量龐大(da),通過罪名進行(xing)(xing)有針對性的(de)(de)篩選,縮小數(shu)據(ju)(ju)比對的(de)(de)范圍(wei);三是“刑罰(fa)(fa)種類(lei)”,判(pan)處(chu)有期徒刑以下刑罰(fa)(fa),包(bao)括(kuo)剝奪政(zheng)(zheng)治(zhi)權利,篩選出有效線(xian)索。
【類案監督】
某縣檢察院立足于個案情況,調取本院刑(xing)事案件信(xin)息,涉及(ji)刑(xing)事犯罪嫌疑人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)信(xin)息4萬余條。從中(zhong)篩選涉嫌貪污(wu)、賄(hui)賂(lu)、侵(qin)(qin)占財(cai)產、挪用財(cai)產或者(zhe)破壞社會主(zhu)義市(shi)場(chang)經濟秩序被判(pan)處刑(xing)罰(fa)的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員信(xin)息3500余條。向(xiang)市(shi)場(chang)監督(du)管(guan)理部門調取截至2022年(nian)3月29日的(de)全縣市(shi)場(chang)主(zhu)體名單(dan)7萬余條。將(jiang)判(pan)處刑(xing)罰(fa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員信(xin)息、市(shi)場(chang)主(zhu)體名單(dan)進(jin)行數(shu)據(ju)比對,初步(bu)篩查出因(yin)貪污(wu)、賄(hui)賂(lu)、侵(qin)(qin)占財(cai)產、挪用財(cai)產或者(zhe)破壞社會主(zhu)義市(shi)場(chang)經濟秩序被判(pan)處刑(xing)罰(fa)的(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員擔(dan)任(ren)公司(非(fei)公司企業法(fa)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren))法(fa)定代表人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)線索(suo)13人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(含一(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)擔(dan)任(ren)多(duo)家公司法(fa)定代表人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)重復數(shu)據(ju))。經進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)核實,其中(zhong)7人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)存在違法(fa)擔(dan)任(ren)法(fa)定代表人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)情形。根(gen)據(ju)《中(zhong)華人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)共和國公司法(fa)》《中(zhong)華人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)共和國市(shi)場(chang)主(zhu)體登記管(guan)理條例》的(de)規定,向(xiang)市(shi)場(chang)監管(guan)部門制發檢察建議,督(du)促(cu)行政機關依(yi)法(fa)履職,保(bao)障市(shi)場(chang)秩序和安全。
案例二:黑龍江省某縣檢察院督促自然資源部門規范土地執法檢察監督案
【關鍵詞】
土(tu)地(di)執法 行政(zheng)處罰(fa) 消(xiao)除違法狀態 大數據檢索(suo) 類案監督
【要旨】
檢察機關(guan)辦理土地(di)執法(fa)領(ling)域(yu)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴執行(xing)監督案(an)件(jian),對于法(fa)院(yuan)作出的終(zhong)結執行(xing)裁定(ding),應當重點審查(cha)終(zhong)結執行(xing)原因,并同(tong)(tong)步開展“穿透式”監督。從中(zhong)發現(xian)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處罰(fa)存在(zai)違法(fa)情形后,運用大數據查(cha)詢發現(xian)同(tong)(tong)類行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處罰(fa)決定(ding)存在(zai)同(tong)(tong)類違法(fa)問(wen)題,開展類案(an)監督。
【線索發現】
2022年3月,某(mou)縣(xian)(xian)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)按照(zhao)某(mou)市檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)部署,深入推進“土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)領(ling)域行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)監(jian)督 促(cu)進土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)領(ling)域規(gui)范執法(fa)”專項活動。經全面(mian)檢(jian)索(suo)中(zhong)國裁(cai)(cai)判文(wen)書網(wang)上公布(bu)的土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)執法(fa)領(ling)域行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政裁(cai)(cai)判和執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)文(wen)書,發(fa)現某(mou)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)裁(cai)(cai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)書責令某(mou)村委會(hui)(hui)履(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罰(fa)(fa)款13460.8元。該(gai)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)裁(cai)(cai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)書同時載(zai)明(ming),因暫(zan)未(wei)發(fa)現該(gai)村委會(hui)(hui)有其(qi)他可供執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的財(cai)產(chan),縣(xian)(xian)自然資源局與(yu)該(gai)村委會(hui)(hui)達(da)成(cheng)和解協議,同意長期履(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。縣(xian)(xian)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),根據《中(zhong)華人民共和國土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)管(guan)理(li)法(fa)》(以下(xia)簡稱《土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)管(guan)理(li)法(fa)》)第七(qi)章規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding),土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)違法(fa)的法(fa)律責任(ren)不(bu)存在(zai)單獨處(chu)(chu)以罰(fa)(fa)款的情(qing)形(xing),故(gu)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)裁(cai)(cai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)所涉(she)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)決定(ding)(ding)(ding)可能違法(fa)。本案行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)金額不(bu)高(gao),處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)對象(xiang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)村委會(hui)(hui),但(dan)未(wei)實際執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),亦不(bu)符合常理(li)。遂以執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)裁(cai)(cai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)書上載(zai)明(ming)的行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)決定(ding)(ding)(ding)文(wen)號為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)關鍵字,在(zai)縣(xian)(xian)政府(fu)網(wang)站上的信息公開(kai)(kai)欄目查詢(xun)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)裁(cai)(cai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)所涉(she)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)決定(ding)(ding)(ding),發(fa)現該(gai)處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)決定(ding)(ding)(ding)遺漏了“沒(mei)收在(zai)非法(fa)占用的土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)上新(xin)建(jian)的建(jian)筑物和其(qi)他設施”的處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)事項。縣(xian)(xian)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)研判后認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),該(gai)類行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)中(zhong)遺漏處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa)事項的情(qing)形(xing)可能普遍存在(zai),有必要進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)大數據檢(jian)索(suo),并根據檢(jian)索(suo)結果開(kai)(kai)展類案監(jian)督。
【數據賦能】
(一)數(shu)據收(shou)集 從以下(xia)不同途徑收(shou)集數(shu)據:1.行政(zheng)裁(cai)判和執(zhi)行文(wen)書(來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)于(yu)中國裁(cai)判文(wen)書網);2.行政(zheng)非(fei)訴執(zhi)行卷宗(從法院調閱(yue));3.行政(zheng)處罰公(gong)開信息(xi)(來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)于(yu)某縣政(zheng)府網站);4.行政(zheng)執(zhi)法卷宗(來(lai)(lai)源(yuan)于(yu)某市自然資源(yuan)局)。
(二)數(shu)據分析(xi)步驟 第(di)(di)一步:以“非法占地”為關鍵詞(ci)在中國裁判文(wen)書(shu)網(wang)上全面(mian)搜索轄區涉(she)土地執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法領域的(de)裁判和(he)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)文(wen)書(shu),其中執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)文(wen)書(shu)包括準予(yu)強制(zhi)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、中止執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、恢復執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、終(zhong)結執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、終(zhong)結本次執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)裁定(ding)書(shu)等;第(di)(di)二步:篩(shai)選出(chu)被執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)人為村委會(hui)、因達成長期履(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)解協議執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)終(zhong)結的(de)案(an)件(jian);第(di)(di)三步:反向查詢執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)依據。通過執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)裁定(ding)上載明的(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政處(chu)罰決(jue)定(ding)文(wen)號在縣(xian)政府網(wang)站(zhan)上查詢到行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政機關申請強制(zhi)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)所涉(she)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政處(chu)罰決(jue)定(ding)。查明存在遺漏處(chu)罰事項的(de)相同違法行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為,開展(zhan)類(lei)案(an)監(jian)督(du)。
(三)數(shu)(shu)據分析(xi)關鍵點 行政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關作出行政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處罰(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)內容和權限(xian)必(bi)須嚴格依照法律規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。運用大數(shu)(shu)據檢索行政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)非訴執(zhi)行裁(cai)定(ding)(ding)涉(she)及的(de)(de)行政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處罰(fa)(fa)決定(ding)(ding)后(hou),將(jiang)該行政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處罰(fa)(fa)決定(ding)(ding)與法律規(gui)定(ding)(ding)進(jin)行對(dui)照,對(dui)同(tong)類(lei)問題進(jin)行監督(du)。一是根據《土地管理法》第(di)七(qi)章規(gui)定(ding)(ding),土地執(zhi)法領域行政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處罰(fa)(fa)必(bi)然包含消除違法狀態(tai)的(de)(de)罰(fa)(fa)項(xiang)。因此,單獨處以(yi)罰(fa)(fa)款或者單獨處以(yi)沒(mei)收違法所得的(de)(de)行政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)決定(ding)(ding)遺(yi)漏處罰(fa)(fa)事項(xiang);二是對(dui)于行政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)法律、法規(gui)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)多種處罰(fa)(fa)和處罰(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)幅度時(shi)(shi),行政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關作出行政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處罰(fa)(fa)時(shi)(shi)自由裁(cai)量的(de)(de)范圍不(bu)能違反法律規(gui)定(ding)(ding),不(bu)能遺(yi)漏應當處罰(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)事項(xiang)。
【類案監督】
非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)轉讓土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、將農用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)改(gai)為(wei)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)占(zhan)(zhan)用(yong)耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)占(zhan)(zhan)用(yong)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)等行為(wei)對土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)用(yong)途造成破(po)壞。根據《土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)管理(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》第(di)七(qi)十七(qi)條規(gui)定(ding),未(wei)經批準或者采(cai)取(qu)欺騙手段騙取(qu)批準,非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)占(zhan)(zhan)用(yong)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de),由(you)縣(xian)級以(yi)上(shang)人民政府自然資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)主管部門責令退還(huan)非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)占(zhan)(zhan)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),對違反土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)利(li)用(yong)總(zong)體(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)擅(shan)自將農用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)改(gai)為(wei)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de),限期(qi)拆(chai)除在非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)占(zhan)(zhan)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)上(shang)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑物和其他設(she)施,恢復土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)原(yuan)狀(zhuang),對符合土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)利(li)用(yong)總(zong)體(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de),沒收在非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)占(zhan)(zhan)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)上(shang)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑物和其他設(she)施,可(ke)以(yi)并處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)款。某(mou)縣(xian)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院根據該(gai)罰(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)則特點,通(tong)(tong)過反向查詢行政處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)決(jue)定(ding)發現,縣(xian)自然資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)局對轄區幾個村委(wei)(wei)會的(de)(de)(de)非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)占(zhan)(zhan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(并非(fei)(fei)耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di))行為(wei)均依據《土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)管理(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》第(di)七(qi)十七(qi)條作(zuo)出罰(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)款的(de)(de)(de)處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)決(jue)定(ding),遺漏了“沒收”處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)事項(xiang)。同時,根據《土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)管理(li)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》第(di)七(qi)章(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding),土(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)領域的(de)(de)(de)行政處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)均應包含消除違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)狀(zhuang)態的(de)(de)(de)罰(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)則,檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機關(guan)運(yun)用(yong)大(da)數據檢(jian)(jian)索(suo)發現某(mou)縣(xian)自然資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)局對違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)占(zhan)(zhan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)均僅處(chu)以(yi)罰(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)款行政處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa),通(tong)(tong)過制發類案檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議督(du)促糾正。某(mou)縣(xian)自然資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)局采(cai)納檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議,組織(zhi)開展自查整改(gai)工作(zuo),加(jia)大(da)對執(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)人員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)培訓力度,確保法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)適用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)準確性(xing)。對于(yu)本案,由(you)于(yu)村委(wei)(wei)會違法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)占(zhan)(zhan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)用(yong)于(yu)村組織(zhi)活動場所建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she),為(wei)改(gai)善(shan)人居(ju)環(huan)境、提(ti)高公共服務質(zhi)量提(ti)供(gong)硬件基礎,且未(wei)觸犯“耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)紅(hong)線”。在符合用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總(zong)體(ti)規(gui)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)下,通(tong)(tong)過檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)監督(du),村委(wei)(wei)會補辦了用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)手續。
案例三:北京市某區檢察院督促區社會保險基金管理中心規范社會保險費核繳催繳程序檢察監督案
【關鍵詞】
行政非訴(su)執(zhi)行監督(du) 大數據檢索(suo) 類案監督(du) 社會保險(xian)費核繳催(cui)繳程序 “穿透式”監督(du)
【要旨】
檢(jian)察(cha)機關履行(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)政非(fei)訴執行(xing)(xing)監督職責,充分運用(yong)“數字(zi)賦能+智慧(hui)檢(jian)索(suo)”等科(ke)技手段,精(jing)準高效發(fa)現(xian)案(an)件線索(suo),通過制發(fa)類案(an)檢(jian)察(cha)建(jian)議,實現(xian)行(xing)(xing)政檢(jian)察(cha)主動監督、類案(an)監督、精(jing)準監督的良好(hao)成效。
【線索發現】
2020年(nian)10月,北(bei)京(jing)市某區(qu)(qu)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)院在履行(xing)(xing)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴執行(xing)(xing)監督(du)(du)職責(ze)中,通(tong)(tong)過(guo)北(bei)京(jing)審判(pan)信息(xi)網(wang)篩選出(chu)區(qu)(qu)法院近5年(nian)申(shen)請執行(xing)(xing)人為區(qu)(qu)社(she)會保(bao)險(xian)基金管理(li)中心(以(yi)下簡稱“區(qu)(qu)社(she)保(bao)中心”)的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴執行(xing)(xing)裁定600余份,并(bing)將電子卷(juan)宗(zong)數(shu)據(ju)導(dao)入(ru)“檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)監督(du)(du)線(xian)索(suo)”平(ping)臺。再以(yi)《社(she)會保(bao)險(xian)稽(ji)核整改(gai)意見書》10個工作(zuo)日內(nei)(nei)送(song)達、《社(she)會保(bao)險(xian)費(fei)(fei)限期補繳通(tong)(tong)知書》5個工作(zuo)日內(nei)(nei)發出(chu)、5個工作(zuo)日內(nei)(nei)補繳等數(shu)據(ju)要素,通(tong)(tong)過(guo)“線(xian)索(suo)檢(jian)索(suo)”應用程序進行(xing)(xing)數(shu)據(ju)比(bi)對、碰撞,分析出(chu)異常數(shu)據(ju)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)68件(jian),提高(gao)了案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)線(xian)索(suo)發現效率(lv)。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)調閱(yue)顯(xian)示異常的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴執行(xing)(xing)案(an)(an)(an)卷(juan)和(he)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)執法卷(juan)宗(zong)、向(xiang)(xiang)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機關了解行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)執行(xing)(xing)情(qing)況(kuang)、檢(jian)答網(wang)專(zhuan)家咨詢及(ji)案(an)(an)(an)件(jian)研討等方式,針對社(she)會保(bao)險(xian)費(fei)(fei)核繳催(cui)繳程序中的(de)(de)普(pu)遍問題,通(tong)(tong)過(guo)向(xiang)(xiang)區(qu)(qu)社(she)保(bao)中心制發一份檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)建議(yi)開展類(lei)案(an)(an)(an)監督(du)(du)。
【數據賦能】
(一)數(shu)據收集 主要收集以(yi)下數(shu)據:1.行政非(fei)訴(su)執行案件卷宗材料(來源(yuan)于(yu)區法(fa)院行政庭);2.行政案件非(fei)訴(su)執行裁定書(來源(yuan)于(yu)北(bei)京審(shen)判信(xin)息網(wang))。
(二)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)分(fen)析步驟(zou) 第(di)一步:通過北京審判(pan)信息網,篩選出區法(fa)院近5年申請執行人為“某區社(she)(she)會保險基金管理中(zhong)心(xin)”的(de)行政非訴執行案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian),導入(ru)“檢(jian)察(cha)監督(du)線索(suo)”平臺;第(di)二步:設計相(xiang)關(guan)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)要素規則(ze),通過“線索(suo)檢(jian)索(suo)”應用程序,碰撞出異常數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian);第(di)三步:調(diao)取(qu)異常數(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)的(de)卷(juan)宗材料(liao);第(di)四步:通過審查(cha)卷(juan)宗、調(diao)查(cha)核實,確定區社(she)(she)保中(zhong)心(xin)在社(she)(she)會保險費(fei)的(de)稽核和催(cui)繳(jiao)程序上存在的(de)違法(fa)問題,并制發類案(an)(an)檢(jian)察(cha)建議。
(三(san))數據分析關(guan)鍵點 類案(an)數據的(de)主要關(guan)鍵詞:一是(shi)5年內申請執(zhi)行人為“某區社會保險(xian)基金管理中心(xin)”的(de)行政非訴(su)執(zhi)行案(an)件;二是(shi)《社會保險(xian)稽核(he)整改意見書》送達日(ri)期;三(san)是(shi)《社會保險(xian)費(fei)限期補繳通知書》發出日(ri)期及限定的(de)補繳日(ri)期。
【類案監督】
檢(jian)察機(ji)關辦理(li)行(xing)(xing)政非訴執行(xing)(xing)監(jian)督(du)(du)案件(jian)應踐行(xing)(xing)“穿(chuan)透式(shi)”監(jian)督(du)(du)理(li)念(nian),加強(qiang)對行(xing)(xing)政行(xing)(xing)為的(de)合法(fa)性審查(cha),注重程序(xu)違(wei)法(fa)監(jian)督(du)(du)與實體違(wei)法(fa)監(jian)督(du)(du)并重。對于法(fa)院作出(chu)準予執行(xing)(xing)裁定(ding)沒有(you)錯誤,但(dan)區(qu)社(she)(she)(she)保(bao)(bao)中心作為社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)經辦機(ji)構,在送(song)達《社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)稽核整(zheng)改意見書》、作出(chu)及發出(chu)《社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)費限期補繳(jiao)通知書》過(guo)程中未嚴格(ge)執行(xing)(xing)《社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)稽核辦法(fa)》第十(shi)條第五款、《社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)費申報(bao)繳(jiao)納管理(li)規定(ding)》第十(shi)六條規定(ding)的(de)問題,區(qu)檢(jian)察院通過(guo)“檢(jian)察監(jian)督(du)(du)線(xian)索”平臺實現數據(ju)碰(peng)撞比對,并“以個案辦理(li)帶動(dong)類案監(jian)督(du)(du)”的(de)辦案思路,向區(qu)社(she)(she)(she)保(bao)(bao)中心提(ti)出(chu)類案檢(jian)察建議。區(qu)社(she)(she)(she)保(bao)(bao)中心回函采納檢(jian)察建議,積(ji)極開展整(zheng)改工作,規范社(she)(she)(she)會(hui)(hui)(hui)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)費核繳(jiao)催繳(jiao)程序(xu),依(yi)法(fa)維護參保(bao)(bao)單(dan)位和群眾(zhong)的(de)合法(fa)權益(yi)。
案例四:廣東省某市某區檢察院督促交通管理部門依法吊銷涉案人員機動車駕駛證檢察監督案
【關鍵詞】
行政處罰 吊銷機(ji)動車駕駛證 類案監督(du) 大(da)數(shu)據檢索
【要旨】
檢(jian)(jian)察機(ji)關在(zai)履行(xing)(xing)法律監(jian)督職責(ze)中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)現醉駕(jia)型(xing)(xing)危(wei)險駕(jia)駛個案(an)存在(zai)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處罰與刑事處罰雙向銜接程序不暢的(de)(de)問題(ti),行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)察部門(men)(men)將全國檢(jian)(jian)察業務(wu)應用(yong)系統中(zhong)的(de)(de)刑事案(an)件數(shu)據與行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關執法數(shu)據進行(xing)(xing)碰撞比對,發(fa)(fa)現交通管理部門(men)(men)未及時吊銷部分(fen)醉酒駕(jia)駛機(ji)動(dong)車人(ren)員駕(jia)駛證的(de)(de)問題(ti),制(zhi)發(fa)(fa)類案(an)檢(jian)(jian)察建議。在(zai)此基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang),創建并探(tan)索運用(yong)“基(ji)于刑事訴訟(song)大數(shu)據的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)察監(jian)督線索篩查模(mo)型(xing)(xing)”,推進行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)違法行(xing)(xing)為檢(jian)(jian)察監(jian)督工作。
【線索發現】
為深(shen)入貫徹落實《中(zhong)共中(zhong)央關于加強新時(shi)代檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)關法(fa)律(lv)監(jian)督(du)(du)工作的意見》,廣東(dong)省某(mou)(mou)市檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)在(zai)全市檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)關組織開展交(jiao)通(tong)安(an)(an)全領域涉嫌(xian)(xian)(xian)危(wei)險駕(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)罪(zui)(zui)和(he)交(jiao)通(tong)肇事罪(zui)(zui)嫌(xian)(xian)(xian)疑(yi)人(ren)機(ji)動車(che)駕(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)證(zheng)吊(diao)銷(xiao)情況(kuang)(kuang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)監(jian)督(du)(du)專項工作,確定某(mou)(mou)區檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)為先行(xing)(xing)(xing)先試(shi)單位。2022年年初,某(mou)(mou)區檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)在(zai)依法(fa)履行(xing)(xing)(xing)法(fa)律(lv)監(jian)督(du)(du)職責中(zhong)發現,某(mou)(mou)市公(gong)安(an)(an)局交(jiao)通(tong)警(jing)察(cha)(cha)(cha)支隊(dui)某(mou)(mou)大隊(dui)(以(yi)下簡稱(cheng)“交(jiao)警(jing)隊(dui)”)偵辦并移送該院(yuan)審查起訴的醉駕(jia)(jia)(jia)型危(wei)險駕(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)案件中(zhong),存在(zai)對(dui)部分醉酒(jiu)駕(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)機(ji)動車(che)人(ren)員沒有依法(fa)及時(shi)吊(diao)銷(xiao)駕(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)證(zheng)的情形。通(tong)過檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)關案件管理部門將全國檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)業務(wu)應用系統中(zhong)近兩(liang)年涉嫌(xian)(xian)(xian)危(wei)險駕(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)罪(zui)(zui)的嫌(xian)(xian)(xian)疑(yi)人(ren)案件列(lie)表導(dao)出(chu)給(gei)公(gong)安(an)(an)機(ji)關交(jiao)警(jing)部門,交(jiao)警(jing)部門通(tong)過與其行(xing)(xing)(xing)政執法(fa)平臺數據進行(xing)(xing)(xing)一一碰撞(zhuang)比對(dui),最終反饋給(gei)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)關駕(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)證(zheng)吊(diao)銷(xiao)情況(kuang)(kuang)排查數據,行(xing)(xing)(xing)政檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)部門據此開展監(jian)督(du)(du)。
經(jing)(jing)調查核實,某區檢(jian)察院(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)現在(zai)2020年2月至2022年2月期(qi)間,由交(jiao)警(jing)隊偵辦并移(yi)送(song)(song)該院(yuan)(yuan)審查起訴的401件(jian)醉(zui)駕(jia)(jia)型危險(xian)駕(jia)(jia)駛(shi)案(an)件(jian)中,法院(yuan)(yuan)判決被(bei)告人有(you)罪(zui)的362件(jian),因情(qing)節輕(qing)微檢(jian)察機(ji)關(guan)作不起訴處理(li)37件(jian),1件(jian)因證據(ju)不足檢(jian)察機(ji)關(guan)作不起訴處理(li),1件(jian)由移(yi)送(song)(song)單位撤回(hui)。上述案(an)件(jian)被(bei)法院(yuan)(yuan)作出有(you)罪(zui)判決的人員中,有(you)4名(ming)醉(zui)酒(jiu)(jiu)駕(jia)(jia)駛(shi)機(ji)動(dong)車(che)的人員至今仍沒有(you)被(bei)依法吊銷駕(jia)(jia)駛(shi)證,2名(ming)醉(zui)酒(jiu)(jiu)駕(jia)(jia)駛(shi)機(ji)動(dong)車(che)人員在(zai)其有(you)罪(zui)判決生效后分別經(jing)(jing)過242日、160日后才被(bei)吊銷駕(jia)(jia)駛(shi)證。
根據《中(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)民共和國道(dao)路(lu)交通安全(quan)法》第(di)九十(shi)(shi)一(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)與第(di)一(yi)百零一(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)、《道(dao)路(lu)交通安全(quan)違法行(xing)為處理程序(xu)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)》第(di)六條(tiao)(tiao)第(di)二款與第(di)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)一(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)的(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding),對于違反(fan)道(dao)路(lu)交通安全(quan)法律、法規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)的(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding),發生重大交通事(shi)故,構成犯罪的(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan),以及醉酒駕駛機動車(che)(che)的(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan),公安機關交通管理部門應當及時作出(chu)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)行(xing)政處罰,依法吊銷機動車(che)(che)駕駛證。為督促(cu)行(xing)政機關依法履職,改進交通安全(quan)領域相(xiang)關工作,根據《人(ren)民檢察院檢察建(jian)議工作規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)》第(di)十(shi)(shi)一(yi)條(tiao)(tiao)第(di)四項的(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding),某(mou)區檢察院向交警隊(dui)提出(chu)檢察建(jian)議。
【數據賦能】
(一)數據收集 從以(yi)下(xia)不同(tong)途徑收集數據:1.起訴書、生效刑事裁(cai)判文書(來源于(yu)全國檢察(cha)業(ye)務應用系統、法(fa)院);2.行政(zheng)處罰決定書(來源于(yu)中國政(zheng)府網、行政(zheng)執法(fa)信息公示平(ping)(ping)臺);3.行政(zheng)執法(fa)數據(來源于(yu)兩法(fa)銜接平(ping)(ping)臺、某(mou)市檢察(cha)院與(yu)市司(si)法(fa)局聯簽的工作(zuo)文件)。
(二(er))數據分(fen)析步驟 第(di)一步:調取近兩(liang)年來某市檢察機(ji)關辦(ban)理(li)涉嫌危險駕駛(shi)罪和交通(tong)(tong)肇事(shi)(shi)罪的(de)刑事(shi)(shi)案(an)(an)件數據,提(ti)取犯罪嫌疑(yi)人(ren)姓(xing)名、居民(min)身份(fen)(fen)證(zheng)(zheng)號碼(ma)(ma)、判(pan)決生效日(ri)(ri)(ri)期等數據要(yao)素;第(di)二(er)步:調取公安機(ji)關交通(tong)(tong)管理(li)部門吊(diao)銷機(ji)動車駕駛(shi)證(zheng)(zheng)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)(chu)罰執行(xing)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)數據,提(ti)取當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)姓(xing)名、居民(min)身份(fen)(fen)證(zheng)(zheng)號碼(ma)(ma)、行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)(chu)罰內容、行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)(chu)罰日(ri)(ri)(ri)期、行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)(chu)罰執行(xing)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)等數據要(yao)素;第(di)三步:通(tong)(tong)過分(fen)析比對刑事(shi)(shi)案(an)(an)件犯罪嫌疑(yi)人(ren)身份(fen)(fen)信(xin)息與行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)(chu)罰案(an)(an)件中被執行(xing)人(ren)身份(fen)(fen)信(xin)息是(shi)否(fou)匹(pi)配,行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關是(shi)否(fou)依法(fa)(fa)作(zuo)出吊(diao)銷機(ji)動車駕駛(shi)證(zheng)(zheng)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)(chu)罰,刑事(shi)(shi)案(an)(an)件判(pan)決生效日(ri)(ri)(ri)期與行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)(chu)罰執行(xing)日(ri)(ri)(ri)期的(de)時間差(cha)是(shi)否(fou)符合法(fa)(fa)律規定,研判(pan)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關是(shi)否(fou)存在違(wei)法(fa)(fa)情(qing)(qing)形;第(di)四步:將所有碰撞結(jie)果(guo)整(zheng)合推送給行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)檢察部門進行(xing)個案(an)(an)分(fen)析判(pan)斷。
(三(san))數(shu)據(ju)分析關鍵(jian)點 針對(dui)刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)訴(su)訟活動中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)某一(yi)類案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)某一(yi)具體罪名(ming),判斷是(shi)否(fou)應當由(you)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)機關給予行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)或(huo)其他行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)理(li),以及應當作出行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)或(huo)其他行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)時間(jian)。通過(guo)查詢該(gai)類刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)數(shu)據(ju)和匯(hui)總行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)數(shu)據(ju),將(jiang)兩個(ge)數(shu)據(ju)資源進行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)碰(peng)撞比(bi)對(dui):一(yi)是(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)未實際執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。若發現刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)嫌疑人姓名(ming)、居民身(shen)份(fen)(fen)證號碼在行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不存在,則返回“行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)未執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)”,推送(song)該(gai)條刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)信息(xi)到行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)未執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)表(biao);二是(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)未準(zhun)確執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。若刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)嫌疑人姓名(ming)、居民身(shen)份(fen)(fen)證號碼在行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)存在,但(dan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)作出的(de)(de)“行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)內(nei)容”與要求不相(xiang)符,則返回“行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)未執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)”,推送(song)該(gai)條刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)信息(xi)到行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)未執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)表(biao);三(san)是(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)決(jue)定(ding)(ding)超(chao)(chao)期執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。若刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)嫌疑人姓名(ming)、居民身(shen)份(fen)(fen)證號碼在行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)存在,且(qie)已經作出具體準(zhun)確的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)處(chu)罰(fa)(fa)內(nei)容,但(dan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)時間(jian)超(chao)(chao)出規定(ding)(ding)期限,則返回“行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)執(zhi)法(fa)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)超(chao)(chao)期”,推送(song)該(gai)條刑(xing)(xing)事(shi)案(an)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)信息(xi)到超(chao)(chao)時比(bi)對(dui)情況(kuang)表(biao)。
【類案監督】
以(yi)某(mou)區檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)開(kai)展的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)工作為基(ji)礎,某(mou)市檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)通(tong)(tong)過對本市交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)安全(quan)領域行(xing)政(zheng)違法行(xing)為案(an)件(jian)的(de)綜合研判推斷,此(ci)類(lei)案(an)件(jian)絕(jue)非個別現(xian)象,應該(gai)還會存在(zai)一批同類(lei)案(an)件(jian),有必要通(tong)(tong)過大數(shu)據分(fen)析(xi)開(kai)展專(zhuan)項監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)。因(yin)此(ci),某(mou)市檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)在(zai)全(quan)市檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機關推進開(kai)展交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)安全(quan)領域行(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)專(zhuan)項行(xing)動,通(tong)(tong)過創建(jian)探索(suo)(suo)運用“基(ji)于刑(xing)事(shi)訴訟大數(shu)據的(de)行(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)線索(suo)(suo)篩(shai)查(cha)模(mo)型”,對數(shu)據進行(xing)分(fen)析(xi)、比對,搜(sou)集、排查(cha)線索(suo)(suo),針對行(xing)政(zheng)機關存在(zai)違法行(xing)使職權(quan)或者不(bu)行(xing)使職權(quan)的(de)情(qing)形,依職權(quan)啟動監(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)程(cheng)序,立案(an)53件(jian),通(tong)(tong)過制(zhi)發檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)建(jian)議,依法督(du)促行(xing)政(zheng)機關糾正違法行(xing)為。
某市檢察院借(jie)助本(ben)次監(jian)督(du)契機(ji),在全市檢察機(ji)關(guan)部署(shu)開(kai)展“刑(xing)事訴訟中涉(she)及行政處(chu)(chu)(chu)罰執法(fa)活(huo)動的(de)法(fa)律監(jian)督(du)”專(zhuan)項活(huo)動,發現“公安機(ji)關(guan)撤銷案件(jian)、檢察機(ji)關(guan)決定不起(qi)訴、法(fa)院作出無罪或者(zhe)免(mian)予刑(xing)事處(chu)(chu)(chu)罰判決等,同時需(xu)要給予行政處(chu)(chu)(chu)罰或者(zhe)其他行政處(chu)(chu)(chu)理的(de)”情形,依法(fa)開(kai)展檢察監(jian)督(du)。
案例五:北京市某區檢察院督促某區社會保險保障中心規范執法程序檢察監督案
【關鍵詞】
行政非訴(su)執行監(jian)督 大數據檢索搭(da)建線索平(ping)臺
【要旨】
檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察機(ji)(ji)關辦理行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)非訴執行(xing)(xing)監督(du)案(an)件,發現(xian)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)機(ji)(ji)關存在送達、催(cui)告(gao)、申(shen)請強(qiang)制執行(xing)(xing)等(deng)程序問題,通(tong)過(guo)(guo)大數據檢(jian)(jian)(jian)索,梳理行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)機(ji)(ji)關申(shen)請執行(xing)(xing)、法院(yuan)辦理行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)非訴執行(xing)(xing)案(an)件中存在的同類(lei)問題,應通(tong)過(guo)(guo)類(lei)案(an)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察建議督(du)促其(qi)整改(gai)。以辦理類(lei)案(an)為契機(ji)(ji),推動行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)非訴執行(xing)(xing)信息與行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察監督(du)實現(xian)數據共享,打破執法與監督(du)之間的數據壁壘。
【線索發現】
北(bei)京市某(mou)區檢察院(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)開展(zhan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)監督閱(yue)卷審查過(guo)程中(zhong),發現社(she)(she)保(bao)領域(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)送達(da)、催告(gao)、申請強制執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)等環(huan)節存在(zai)(zai)問題。針對這一情況,區檢察院(yuan)(yuan)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)中(zhong)國(guo)裁(cai)判(pan)文書網(wang)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)數(shu)據(ju)調取和分(fen)析,確定(ding)社(she)(she)保(bao)、國(guo)土領域(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)較為集(ji)中(zhong)。向區法院(yuan)(yuan)調取近年來行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)的(de)數(shu)據(ju)顯示,2021年行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)159件(jian)(jian),集(ji)中(zhong)分(fen)布在(zai)(zai)房屋(wu)拆遷裁(cai)決(jue)、人力社(she)(she)保(bao)、衛生健康、市場監管等涉及民生行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管理(li)領域(yu),共(gong)涉及10個行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機關(guan)。北(bei)京某(mou)區社(she)(she)會保(bao)險保(bao)障中(zhong)心(以下簡稱“社(she)(she)保(bao)中(zhong)心”)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)最多,共(gong)計33件(jian)(jian),且(qie)7件(jian)(jian)撤(che)(che)回案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)中(zhong),5件(jian)(jian)為社(she)(she)保(bao)中(zhong)心撤(che)(che)回。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)中(zhong)國(guo)裁(cai)判(pan)文書網(wang)與區法院(yuan)(yuan)提供的(de)相關(guan)數(shu)據(ju)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)碰撞,區檢察院(yuan)(yuan)認為有必要對社(she)(she)保(bao)中(zhong)心行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)開展(zhan)專項(xiang)監督。
【數據賦能】
(一)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)收(shou)集 從(cong)(cong)以(yi)下不同途徑收(shou)集數(shu)據(ju)(ju):1.行政(zheng)裁(cai)判文(wen)(wen)書(shu)(來源于(yu)(yu)中國裁(cai)判文(wen)(wen)書(shu)網(wang));2.執行裁(cai)判文(wen)(wen)書(shu)(來源于(yu)(yu)中國裁(cai)判文(wen)(wen)書(shu)網(wang));3.法(fa)院行政(zheng)審判工作報(bao)告(白皮(pi)書(shu))(從(cong)(cong)法(fa)院調取(qu)(qu));4.法(fa)院卷宗(zong)材料(從(cong)(cong)法(fa)院調取(qu)(qu))。
(二)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)分析步(bu)(bu)驟 第(di)一步(bu)(bu):登(deng)錄中(zhong)國裁(cai)判(pan)文書(shu)網(wang),設定本(ben)(ben)(ben)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)、文書(shu)類型以及調(diao)查(cha)時間段,搜索(suo)(suo)2019年(nian)至2021年(nian)之間,本(ben)(ben)(ben)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)案(an)件(jian)(jian)整體(ti)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju),逐案(an)查(cha)看涉及的(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機關(guan),制作數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)圖,鎖(suo)定涉及行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)案(an)件(jian)(jian)較多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機關(guan);第(di)二步(bu)(bu):重(zhong)新設定本(ben)(ben)(ben)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)、文書(shu)類型以及調(diao)查(cha)時間段,以“某區(qu)(qu)(qu)社(she)會(hui)保險保障(zhang)中(zhong)心(xin)”作為關(guan)鍵詞進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢索(suo)(suo),并對法律文書(shu)、處理結果(guo)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)重(zhong)點審查(cha),發現該社(she)保中(zhong)心(xin)在較短的(de)(de)(de)時間內(nei)出現多(duo)起撤(che)回案(an)件(jian)(jian);第(di)三步(bu)(bu):與區(qu)(qu)(qu)法院進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)溝通(tong),共同(tong)梳理2019年(nian)至2021年(nian)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)案(an)件(jian)(jian)具體(ti)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)存(cun)在問題較多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機關(guan)。區(qu)(qu)(qu)法院梳理的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)與區(qu)(qu)(qu)檢察(cha)院通(tong)過中(zhong)國裁(cai)判(pan)文書(shu)網(wang)梳理的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)基本(ben)(ben)(ben)一致(zhi);第(di)四步(bu)(bu):通(tong)過中(zhong)國裁(cai)判(pan)文書(shu)網(wang)梳理2019年(nian)至2021年(nian)全部涉及社(she)保中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)案(an)件(jian)(jian),并向法院調(diao)取卷(juan)宗。
【類案監督】
通(tong)過中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)裁判文書網平臺,某區檢察院梳(shu)理出(chu)(chu)某區社保中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政非(fei)訴(su)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)案件(jian)(jian)71件(jian)(jian),經調(diao)閱相(xiang)(xiang)關卷宗,發現該中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心存(cun)在違(wei)反(fan)法(fa)律規(gui)(gui)定或(huo)者不(bu)規(gui)(gui)范的(de)問題,集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在以(yi)(yi)下(xia)幾(ji)個方面:告(gao)(gao)(gao)知行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)人起(qi)訴(su)期限有誤,違(wei)反(fan)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人民(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政訴(su)訟(song)法(fa)》第四十六條規(gui)(gui)定;未催告(gao)(gao)(gao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)人履行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)繳納(na)滯納(na)金的(de)義務,違(wei)反(fan)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人民(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政強(qiang)制(zhi)法(fa)》第五十四條的(de)規(gui)(gui)定;公告(gao)(gao)(gao)送達違(wei)反(fan)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人民(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政強(qiang)制(zhi)法(fa)》第三十八條、《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人民(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)民(min)事訴(su)訟(song)法(fa)》(2017年修正)第九(jiu)十二(er)條的(de)規(gui)(gui)定;提出(chu)(chu)強(qiang)制(zhi)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)申(shen)(shen)請的(de)時間(jian)違(wei)反(fan)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人民(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政強(qiang)制(zhi)法(fa)》第五十四條的(de)規(gui)(gui)定;申(shen)(shen)請強(qiang)制(zhi)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)時間(jian)超過《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人民(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政強(qiang)制(zhi)法(fa)》第五十三條規(gui)(gui)定的(de)期限;未對(dui)強(qiang)制(zhi)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)數據(ju)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)嚴格(ge)核對(dui),以(yi)(yi)材料不(bu)全(quan)為由(you),多個案件(jian)(jian)撤回強(qiang)制(zhi)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)申(shen)(shen)請。針對(dui)上述問題,根據(ju)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)為違(wei)法(fa)情形、嚴重(zhong)程度和(he)(he)危害后果,依(yi)(yi)法(fa)采(cai)取(qu)口頭(tou)糾正、檢察建議等(deng)方式(shi)督促糾正,及時跟進(jin)監(jian)督意見的(de)落地落實,加(jia)強(qiang)與相(xiang)(xiang)關部(bu)門和(he)(he)單位的(de)溝通(tong),凝聚各方共識(shi),推(tui)動有關行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政機關嚴格(ge)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)、依(yi)(yi)法(fa)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政。
通(tong)過行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非(fei)訴執(zhi)行(xing)監督,某區(qu)檢察院(yuan)(yuan)還發(fa)現(xian)(xian)區(qu)法院(yuan)(yuan)單獨存(cun)在(zai)(zai)及與行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關共(gong)同存(cun)在(zai)(zai)的問題,主要表現(xian)(xian)為:對催告書送(song)(song)達時(shi)間審核不嚴,在(zai)(zai)催告書送(song)(song)達未滿十(shi)(shi)日的情形下立案(an)(an)(an)(an),違反《中華(hua)人民(min)共(gong)和國(guo)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)強制(zhi)法》第(di)五十(shi)(shi)四條規定;對行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關逾期申(shen)請(qing)強制(zhi)執(zhi)行(xing)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)未進行(xing)嚴格審查且(qie)未要求行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關針對逾期問題作出(chu)合(he)理說(shuo)明就受理立案(an)(an)(an)(an),違反《中華(hua)人民(min)共(gong)和國(guo)行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)強制(zhi)法》第(di)五十(shi)(shi)三條規定;未對撤回強制(zhi)執(zhi)行(xing)申(shen)請(qing)案(an)(an)(an)(an)件(jian)作出(chu)書面或者口頭裁定等。針對上述問題,區(qu)檢察院(yuan)(yuan)向區(qu)法院(yuan)(yuan)制(zhi)發(fa)類案(an)(an)(an)(an)檢察建議(yi)。
以此系列案件(jian)為(wei)契(qi)機(ji),某(mou)區(qu)檢察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)貫(guan)徹落(luo)實(shi)北京市檢察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)與市司法局《加強行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)檢察(cha)監督(du)與行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)復議、行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)執法協調監督(du)等工作銜(xian)接配合座談會(hui)會(hui)議紀要(yao)》精(jing)神,推(tui)動行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非(fei)訴執行(xing)(xing)信息(xi)與行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)檢察(cha)監督(du)數據共享,實(shi)現本地區(qu)非(fei)訴執行(xing)(xing)案件(jian)抄送(song)同(tong)級檢察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan),同(tong)時移送(song)電(dian)子(zi)版案件(jian)材料。區(qu)檢察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)與法院(yuan)(yuan)建立信息(xi)通報(bao)制度,區(qu)法院(yuan)(yuan)定期(qi)向檢察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)通報(bao)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)審判(pan)工作報(bao)告(白(bai)皮書(shu)),搭建線索來源平臺。
案例六:浙江省某縣檢察院督促交通管理部門履行違法超限超載行政處罰職責檢察監督案
【關鍵詞】
超限超載行政處罰(fa) 類案(an)監督 大(da)數據檢索 專項(xiang)整治
【要旨】
檢(jian)(jian)察機關在辦案中(zhong)發現(xian)行政機關對貨運(yun)車輛(liang)超(chao)限超(chao)載運(yun)輸(shu)監管(guan)不到位,運(yun)用大數據檢(jian)(jian)索,全(quan)面排查執法中(zhong)的(de)違法情況,制(zhi)發檢(jian)(jian)察建議,督促行政機關糾正。同時強化源(yuan)頭整(zheng)(zheng)治,形成專(zhuan)題分析報告,推(tui)動政府(fu)開(kai)展專(zhuan)項整(zheng)(zheng)治,堵塞(sai)監管(guan)漏洞,維(wei)護交通運(yun)輸(shu)安全(quan)。
【線索發現】
浙江省某(mou)縣檢(jian)察院在辦(ban)理(li)陳某(mou)交通肇事(shi)(shi)案(an)中發(fa)現,涉案(an)貨運車(che)輛肇事(shi)(shi)前(qian)在同一(yi)年(nian)度內(nei)因(yin)超(chao)載(zai)被縣交警(jing)大隊(dui)作(zuo)(zuo)出過二次(ci)行政處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa),因(yin)車(che)貨總質量超(chao)限(xian)被縣交通運輸局(ju)作(zuo)(zuo)出過二次(ci)行政處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa),但交通運輸管理(li)部門和交警(jing)大隊(dui)未(wei)按(an)照(zhao)《關(guan)于進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)做(zuo)好貨車(che)非(fei)法(fa)改裝和超(chao)限(xian)超(chao)載(zai)治理(li)工作(zuo)(zuo)的意(yi)見》,對(dui)運輸車(che)輛、駕駛人、貨運企(qi)業、源頭企(qi)業落實(shi)“一(yi)超(chao)四(si)罰(fa)(fa)”監(jian)督治理(li)措施,對(dui)貨運車(che)輛吊銷車(che)輛營運證。縣交通運輸局(ju)與交警(jing)大隊(dui)在“治超(chao)”管理(li)中還存在著信息不(bu)共享、不(bu)銜接、不(bu)對(dui)稱問題,由此導致行政執法(fa)時(shi)(shi)對(dui)當次(ci)違法(fa)行為都作(zuo)(zuo)出相(xiang)應處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa),但對(dui)一(yi)年(nian)內(nei)多次(ci)違法(fa)行為卻未(wei)依(yi)法(fa)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)處(chu)(chu)罰(fa)(fa),造成嚴重交通安(an)全隱患。數據顯示,類似情(qing)況具有(you)一(yi)定(ding)的普遍性,如不(bu)加以及時(shi)(shi)糾正(zheng),執法(fa)監(jian)管漏洞將持續存在,嚴重威(wei)脅安(an)全生產、道路交通安(an)全,有(you)必要進(jin)行類案(an)監(jian)督。
【數據賦能】
(一)數據收集 從(cong)以(yi)下不同途徑(jing)收集數據:1.浙江省政務服(fu)務網(違(wei)法(fa)超(chao)限運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)公(gong)司、車輛(liang)及駕(jia)駛人信息);2.某縣公(gong)安局交(jiao)警大(da)隊(車輛(liang)道(dao)(dao)路交(jiao)通違(wei)法(fa)信息);3.某縣行政服(fu)務中心(運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)公(gong)司車輛(liang)登記信息、《道(dao)(dao)路運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)證》、《道(dao)(dao)路運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)經(jing)營許可(ke)證》信息)。
(二(er))數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據分析(xi)步驟(zou) 以運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)公司(si)(si)名稱(cheng)、道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)經營許可(ke)證(zheng)(zheng)、車(che)(che)(che)牌號、道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)證(zheng)(zheng)、駕(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)、運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)從業(ye)資(zi)格證(zheng)(zheng)、處罰時間(jian)等(deng)作為關鍵(jian)詞,開(kai)展大數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據檢(jian)索。1.對(dui)(dui)違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法超(chao)限(xian)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)企(qi)業(ye)、車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)、駕(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)信(xin)息(xi)進行篩選(xuan)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)步:通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)浙江省政務(wu)服務(wu)網中(zhong)行政處罰結果(guo)信(xin)息(xi)公開(kai)欄目,篩選(xuan)某(mou)縣(xian)交通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)局行政處罰過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法超(chao)限(xian)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)公司(si)(si)、車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)及駕(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)信(xin)息(xi);第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)步:通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)某(mou)縣(xian)交警大隊,調取(qu)同(tong)時段貨(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)交通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法信(xin)息(xi);第(di)(di)(di)(di)三步:通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據碰撞,匯(hui)總(zong)同(tong)時段內同(tong)一(yi)企(qi)業(ye)違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、同(tong)一(yi)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)、同(tong)一(yi)駕(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法次(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。2.對(dui)(dui)違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法次(ci)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)篩選(xuan)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)步:將違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)、駕(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法時間(jian),與《道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)證(zheng)(zheng)》《運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)從業(ye)資(zi)格證(zheng)(zheng)》核發(fa)一(yi)周年期限(xian)內的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據進行對(dui)(dui)比篩查;第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)步:分析(xi)出一(yi)年時間(jian)內違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法超(chao)限(xian)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)超(chao)過(guo)3次(ci)的(de)(de)(de)貨(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)和駕(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)駛(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)。3.對(dui)(dui)企(qi)業(ye)違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)占比進行計(ji)算。第(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)步:通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)某(mou)縣(xian)行政服務(wu)中(zhong)心,調取(qu)縣(xian)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)企(qi)業(ye)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)登(deng)記信(xin)息(xi),信(xin)息(xi)內包含(han)企(qi)業(ye)《道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)經營許可(ke)證(zheng)(zheng)》辦理(li)時間(jian);第(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)步:匯(hui)總(zong)各道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)企(qi)業(ye)違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)信(xin)息(xi)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu);第(di)(di)(di)(di)三步:統(tong)計(ji)并匯(hui)總(zong)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)企(qi)業(ye)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu);第(di)(di)(di)(di)四步:計(ji)算一(yi)年內違(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法超(chao)限(xian)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)貨(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與本(ben)單位的(de)(de)(de)貨(huo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)總(zong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)占比大于10%的(de)(de)(de)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)路(lu)(lu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)企(qi)業(ye)。
【類案監督】
某縣(xian)檢(jian)察(cha)院通(tong)(tong)過(guo)大(da)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)碰撞,篩選涉超(chao)限超(chao)載(zai)行(xing)(xing)政處罰數(shu)據(ju)(ju)4000余條(tiao),普通(tong)(tong)貨(huo)(huo)物運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)車輛(liang)(liang)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)598輛(liang)(liang),貨(huo)(huo)物運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)企(qi)業(ye)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)242家(jia),并(bing)在浙江省檢(jian)察(cha)院數(shu)據(ju)(ju)平臺進(jin)行(xing)(xing)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)建模,通(tong)(tong)過(guo)模型構建進(jin)行(xing)(xing)不同場(chang)景下的(de)(de)數(shu)據(ju)(ju)碰撞分析,發現一批行(xing)(xing)政違法(fa)線索。共篩查(cha)出觸(chu)(chu)發吊(diao)銷營(ying)運(yun)(yun)證條(tiao)款的(de)(de)貨(huo)(huo)車20輛(liang)(liang)、觸(chu)(chu)發責令停止(zhi)從(cong)事(shi)營(ying)業(ye)性運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)條(tiao)款的(de)(de)駕駛人23名、觸(chu)(chu)發責令停業(ye)整頓甚至吊(diao)銷道(dao)路運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)運(yun)(yun)營(ying)許可(ke)證條(tiao)款的(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)12家(jia),均未受(shou)到相(xiang)應處罰,仍在從(cong)事(shi)貨(huo)(huo)物運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)工作。通(tong)(tong)過(guo)向監管(guan)部門制(zhi)發檢(jian)察(cha)建議(yi),督促(cu)依法(fa)履(lv)職,促(cu)進(jin)貨(huo)(huo)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)健康(kang)發展,消除(chu)交通(tong)(tong)安全隱(yin)患。
某(mou)縣(xian)(xian)檢察院在(zai)制(zhi)發檢察建議的同時,深入分析“治超”監管中存在(zai)的法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規有沖突(tu)導致執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)標(biao)準不(bu)統一、處罰信(xin)息不(bu)對稱導致執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)合力未形成、法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)適用(yong)不(bu)充分導致執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)處罰淺表化、部門聯(lian)動(dong)不(bu)通(tong)暢(chang)導致源頭監管難到位、市場(chang)競爭(zheng)壓力大導致嚴格執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)有顧(gu)慮(lv)等五個問題,以促進嚴格執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)、消(xiao)除信(xin)息隔(ge)絕、助(zhu)力業態健康、保障生產安(an)全、形成治理體(ti)系五項(xiang)策略強(qiang)化能動(dong)檢察,形成書面工作專(zhuan)報報縣(xian)(xian)政府。縣(xian)(xian)政府對此高度重視,專(zhuan)門召開全縣(xian)(xian)“治超”專(zhuan)項(xiang)整治會(hui)議,推動(dong)縣(xian)(xian)域范圍內交(jiao)通(tong)運輸安(an)全隱患排查。
案例七:浙江省某縣檢察院督促法院終結本次執行程序后依法恢復執行檢察監督案
【關鍵詞】
行政非訴執行 終(zhong)結本次執行 大數(shu)據(ju)檢索 類案監督(du)
【要旨】
檢察(cha)機關(guan)在辦理行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴執行(xing)(xing)監督案(an)(an)件中(zhong),充分運(yun)用大數(shu)據(ju)(ju)平臺開展類(lei)案(an)(an)監督,通過數(shu)據(ju)(ju)組(zu)合、碰撞(zhuang),精準挖掘(jue)出(chu)一(yi)批(pi)行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)非訴執行(xing)(xing)終結本次執行(xing)(xing)程序后未及時恢復(fu)執行(xing)(xing)的案(an)(an)件,通過制發(fa)類(lei)案(an)(an)檢察(cha)建(jian)議促使法院及時恢復(fu)執行(xing)(xing),推動行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)處罰(fa)執行(xing)(xing)到位(wei),消除(chu)執行(xing)(xing)工(gong)作盲(mang)點。
【線索發現】
2019年某縣檢察院在辦理(li)某混凝土(tu)有(you)限公司申請(qing)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政非(fei)訴(su)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)監督案中發(fa)現,在被(bei)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)人的(de)公司對(dui)公銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)賬(zhang)戶上有(you)大(da)量流水、余額且(qie)公司正常(chang)納稅、經營的(de)情況下(xia),縣法院未窮(qiong)盡財產調查措施,以未發(fa)現被(bei)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)人有(you)實際可供執行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)財產為由(you)裁定終結本次執行(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)序。在被(bei)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)人多年來仍(reng)然處于正常(chang)生產經營且(qie)資金充(chong)沛的(de)情況下(xia)也未及時恢復執行(xing)(xing)(xing),致使(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政罰款遲遲未得到(dao)執行(xing)(xing)(xing)。經綜合研(yan)判推斷,此類(lei)案件絕非(fei)個別現象(xiang),應(ying)該(gai)還會存在一(yi)批同類(lei)案件,有(you)必要通(tong)過大(da)數據分析開展專項監督。
【數據賦能】
(一)數(shu)據(ju)收集 從以下不同途徑收集數(shu)據(ju):1.行(xing)(xing)(xing)政非訴執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)終(zhong)結(jie)本(ben)次執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)程序(xu)案(an)件(jian)數(shu)據(ju)(來(lai)(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)縣法(fa)院);2.行(xing)(xing)(xing)政案(an)件(jian)準予執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)裁定(ding)書(來(lai)(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)浙(zhe)江(jiang)法(fa)院裁判文(wen)書網);3.決定(ding)終(zhong)結(jie)本(ben)次執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)程序(xu)裁定(ding)書(來(lai)(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)縣法(fa)院);4.行(xing)(xing)(xing)政非訴執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)案(an)件(jian)卷宗材料(來(lai)(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)縣法(fa)院);5.被(bei)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)的國內銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)賬戶信(xin)息(xi)(xi)、資金(jin)流(liu)水記錄(來(lai)(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)浙(zhe)江(jiang)省檢察院協查機制);6.被(bei)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)的房產和車輛登(deng)記信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(來(lai)(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)某市檢察院大數(shu)據(ju)查詢(xun)分析系(xi)統);7.工商登(deng)記信(xin)息(xi)(xi)(來(lai)(lai)源于(yu)(yu)(yu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政機關(guan))。
(二(er))數據分析(xi)步(bu)驟 第(di)一步(bu):調(diao)取近10年來縣法(fa)院(yuan)未(wei)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)到(dao)位的被執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren),篩選出因無可(ke)供執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)財(cai)產(chan)而(er)終(zhong)結(jie)本次(ci)(ci)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)序的被執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)名單(dan);第(di)二(er)步(bu):調(diao)取名單(dan)上被執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)的銀(yin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)賬戶信息和(he)(he)(he)資(zi)金流水(shui)(shui)記(ji)錄及房(fang)產(chan)和(he)(he)(he)車(che)輛登(deng)記(ji)信息,執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)為個體工商(shang)戶、個人(ren)(ren)獨資(zi)企業的,調(diao)取工商(shang)登(deng)記(ji)信息;第(di)三步(bu):通(tong)過分析(xi)資(zi)金流水(shui)(shui)、名下房(fang)產(chan)和(he)(he)(he)車(che)輛信息,研判被執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)有(you)無履行(xing)(xing)(xing)罰(fa)款(kuan)能(neng)(neng)力;第(di)四步(bu):調(diao)取有(you)可(ke)供執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)財(cai)產(chan)或有(you)履行(xing)(xing)(xing)裁定義務能(neng)(neng)力的被執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)涉案(an)準予執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)裁定書(shu)、終(zhong)結(jie)本次(ci)(ci)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)序裁定書(shu)、行(xing)(xing)(xing)政非訴執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)案(an)件材料;第(di)五步(bu):綜合財(cai)產(chan)和(he)(he)(he)案(an)件材料分析(xi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政處罰(fa)決(jue)定、執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)裁定有(you)無存在(zai)違(wei)法(fa)情形;第(di)六步(bu):對不(bu)存在(zai)違(wei)法(fa)情形且因無可(ke)供執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)財(cai)產(chan)而(er)終(zhong)結(jie)本次(ci)(ci)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)程(cheng)序但查詢發現(xian)有(you)可(ke)供執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)財(cai)產(chan)的案(an)件,建議縣法(fa)院(yuan)恢(hui)復執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。
(三(san))數據分析關鍵點 某縣檢察院(yuan)通(tong)過對(dui)(dui)(dui)比銀(yin)(yin)行賬(zhang)(zhang)戶(hu)信(xin)息、資金流水記(ji)錄、不動產登記(ji)信(xin)息、車輛(liang)登記(ji)信(xin)息、工(gong)商(shang)(shang)登記(ji)信(xin)息等(deng)材料,針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)不同情況做進(jin)一步(bu)篩(shai)查、核(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)工(gong)作,以期能夠精準切入行政非(fei)訴(su)執(zhi)(zhi)行監督:一是針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)房產信(xin)息,核(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)關房產是否(fou)(fou)屬于被(bei)執(zhi)(zhi)行人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)唯一房產;二是針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)車輛(liang)信(xin)息,核(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)案(an)(an)涉(she)車輛(liang)的(de)(de)(de)品牌、車型、年限、是否(fou)(fou)被(bei)強制報廢(fei)等(deng)信(xin)息,估算車輛(liang)現有殘值,結合案(an)(an)涉(she)標的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)金額以判(pan)斷案(an)(an)涉(she)車輛(liang)是否(fou)(fou)具有執(zhi)(zhi)行價值;三(san)是針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)銀(yin)(yin)行賬(zhang)(zhang)戶(hu)信(xin)息,主要(yao)核(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)在案(an)(an)件(jian)執(zhi)(zhi)行期間被(bei)執(zhi)(zhi)行人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)銀(yin)(yin)行賬(zhang)(zhang)戶(hu)流水、目前(qian)賬(zhang)(zhang)戶(hu)內是否(fou)(fou)有可供執(zhi)(zhi)行的(de)(de)(de)余額等(deng)相(xiang)(xiang)關情況;四是針(zhen)對(dui)(dui)(dui)非(fei)法人(ren)組織,進(jin)一步(bu)核(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)案(an)(an)涉(she)非(fei)法人(ren)組織的(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)性質。將被(bei)執(zhi)(zhi)行人(ren)系非(fei)法人(ren)組織的(de)(de)(de)案(an)(an)件(jian)進(jin)行匯總后,通(tong)過市場監督管(guan)理部門查詢(xun)案(an)(an)涉(she)非(fei)法人(ren)組織的(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)性質。對(dui)(dui)(dui)經(jing)查詢(xun)后確定(ding)屬于個體(ti)工(gong)商(shang)(shang)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de),進(jin)一步(bu)核(he)(he)實(shi)(shi)其經(jing)營(ying)者的(de)(de)(de)財產狀況,并建議縣法院(yuan)根據最高人(ren)民法院(yuan)相(xiang)(xiang)關規(gui)定(ding),追加個體(ti)工(gong)商(shang)(shang)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)營(ying)者為案(an)(an)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)被(bei)執(zhi)(zhi)行人(ren)。
某縣(xian)檢察院最終審查發(fa)現,該(gai)批案件終結本(ben)次(ci)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)程序中(zhong)存在三(san)類違法情形(xing):一是(shi)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)期(qi)間被執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)有可(ke)(ke)供執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)財(cai)(cai)產(chan),但(dan)法院以被執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)無(wu)可(ke)(ke)供執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)由終結本(ben)次(ci)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)程序;二是(shi)作出(chu)終結本(ben)次(ci)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)程序裁定后5年內,被執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)有了可(ke)(ke)供執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)財(cai)(cai)產(chan),但(dan)法院未(wei)恢(hui)復(fu)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)程序;三(san)是(shi)被執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)個(ge)體工商戶(hu),無(wu)對公賬號(hao)和(he)可(ke)(ke)供執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)財(cai)(cai)產(chan),法院未(wei)將該(gai)字(zi)號(hao)所有人(ren)(ren)納為(wei)(wei)(wei)被執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren),便以無(wu)可(ke)(ke)供執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)由終結本(ben)次(ci)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)程序。
【類案監督】
(一)非訴執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)監督案(an)件(jian)辦理(li) 經(jing)(jing)對相關數(shu)據(ju)分析發(fa)現,某(mou)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)被執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)人無可供執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的財產為由裁定終(zhong)結(jie)本次執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程序的50起案(an)件(jian)中,存在(zai)被執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)人有可供執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)財產,但縣(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)無可供執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)財產為由裁定終(zhong)結(jie)本次執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)程序的違法(fa)情形(xing)。某(mou)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)檢察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)就(jiu)上述案(an)件(jian)向縣(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)送(song)檢察(cha)建(jian)議書,建(jian)議恢(hui)復(fu)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。縣(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)對檢察(cha)建(jian)議予以(yi)采納,對50起案(an)件(jian)均恢(hui)復(fu)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),經(jing)(jing)統計(ji),已經(jing)(jing)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)到位(wei)金額共(gong)計(ji)人民幣124萬余元。
(二)聯合縣(xian)法院(yuan)開展專項行(xing)(xing)動 某縣(xian)檢察院(yuan)借(jie)助本次監(jian)督契機(ji),與縣(xian)法院(yuan)聯合開展行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)非訴(su)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)未執(zhi)(zhi)結(jie)案(an)件(jian)集中清查(cha)工作專項行(xing)(xing)動,縣(xian)法院(yuan)梳理(li)出(chu)2010年1月1日之后轄(xia)區內已經判決生效但因(yin)被執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)人(ren)無履行(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)力(li)而(er)無法執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)的行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)案(an)件(jian),針對明顯具有履行(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)力(li)的,縣(xian)法院(yuan)采取相(xiang)應執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)措施。
(三)建立(li)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)機制(zhi)(zhi) 以某混(hun)凝土有限公司執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)案為契機,某縣檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)與縣法(fa)院(yuan)共同簽發(fa)《關(guan)于建立(li)民(min)事行(xing)政執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)法(fa)律(lv)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)工作機制(zhi)(zhi)的實施意(yi)見》,法(fa)院(yuan)、檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)建立(li)健全(quan)民(min)事行(xing)政執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)工作信息(xi)共享機制(zhi)(zhi)。