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    • 最高檢發布民事再審檢察建議典型案例

    cciia.org.cn　 2023-11-30 9:05:42　 正義網


    　　正義網北京11月29日(ri)電(檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)日(ri)報記者于(yu)瀟)近日(ri),最(zui)(zui)高(gao)人(ren)(ren)民(min)法院(yuan)、最(zui)(zui)高(gao)人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)聯(lian)合印發(fa)《關于(yu)規范(fan)辦理民(min)事(shi)再(zai)審檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)建議(yi)案(an)件若干問題(ti)的意(yi)見(jian)(jian)》(簡稱《意(yi)見(jian)(jian)》),對人(ren)(ren)民(min)法院(yuan)、人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)辦理民(min)事(shi)再(zai)審檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)建議(yi)案(an)件程序予(yu)以(yi)明確規范(fan)。為配合《意(yi)見(jian)(jian)》落地實施(shi),在征求最(zui)(zui)高(gao)法意(yi)見(jian)(jian)后,最(zui)(zui)高(gao)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)編(bian)發(fa)民(min)事(shi)再(zai)審檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)建議(yi)典型(xing)案(an)例,用(yong)以(yi)指導各級檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)機關高(gao)質效辦理民(min)事(shi)生效裁判監督案(an)件,持續提(ti)升(sheng)民(min)事(shi)再(zai)審檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)建議(yi)案(an)件辦理質效和(he)影響力(li)。

    　　記者了解到,本批典型(xing)案例以基(ji)層檢察院所辦(ban)案件為主,也(ye)有收錄地市級檢察院和(he)最高檢辦(ban)理的案件,涉(she)及對(dui)虛假訴訟(song)監督、檢法協作化解矛盾、維(wei)護(hu)民生民利等多種辦(ban)案類型(xing)。

    　　這(zhe)批典型案(an)(an)例共包括10起案(an)(an)例,分別是:孟某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)清與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)離(li)婚(hun)糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)等(deng)(deng)再(zai)(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)系列案(an)(an),王某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)國與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)互聯網科技(ji)公司買(mai)賣(mai)(mai)合(he)同(tong)糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)等(deng)(deng)再(zai)(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)系列案(an)(an),黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)萍與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)、顏某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)、舒(shu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)民間借(jie)貸糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)再(zai)(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)案(an)(an),張某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)友與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)生民間借(jie)貸糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)再(zai)(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)案(an)(an),張某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)史某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)珍、路(lu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)毛確(que)認(ren)合(he)同(tong)效力糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)等(deng)(deng)再(zai)(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)系列案(an)(an),姜某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)燙金(jin)材料公司、某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)印(yin)刷物資公司等(deng)(deng)買(mai)賣(mai)(mai)合(he)同(tong)糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)再(zai)(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)案(an)(an),李某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)卓某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)婚(hun)約財產(chan)糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)等(deng)(deng)再(zai)(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)系列案(an)(an),秦某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)奎與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設工程公司勞動爭議(yi)(yi)糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)再(zai)(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)案(an)(an),曹某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)田某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)離(li)婚(hun)后財產(chan)糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)再(zai)(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)案(an)(an),鄭某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物業發展公司商品房買(mai)賣(mai)(mai)合(he)同(tong)糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)再(zai)(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)建(jian)(jian)(jian)議(yi)(yi)案(an)(an)。

    　　“民(min)事再(zai)(zai)審檢察(cha)(cha)建議是法(fa)律規(gui)定的(de)(de)檢察(cha)(cha)機(ji)關對民(min)事生效裁判實(shi)行法(fa)律監(jian)督(du)的(de)(de)重要方式。下一步,最高檢將持續(xu)認真貫徹落實(shi)《意見》,通(tong)過制發(fa)檢察(cha)(cha)機(ji)關辦理(li)再(zai)(zai)審檢察(cha)(cha)建議案(an)件指導意見、選(xuan)編(bian)再(zai)(zai)審檢察(cha)(cha)建議指導性案(an)例、組織開(kai)展培(pei)訓等(deng),積(ji)極推動《意見》轉化(hua)為實(shi)實(shi)在在的(de)(de)辦案(an)成效,努力讓(rang)人民(min)群眾(zhong)在每一個民(min)事檢察(cha)(cha)案(an)件中感受到(dao)公平正義(yi)。”最高檢第(di)六檢察(cha)(cha)廳相關負責人表示。

     

    目錄

    　　1.孟某(mou)(mou)清與梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)離婚糾紛等再審檢察建(jian)議(yi)系列案

    　　2.王某(mou)國與某(mou)互聯網科技公司買賣合同糾紛等再(zai)審檢察(cha)建議系列案

    　　3.黃(huang)某(mou)萍與朱(zhu)某(mou)、顏某(mou)、舒(shu)某(mou)民(min)間借貸(dai)糾紛再審檢察建議案

    　　4.張某(mou)友與(yu)黃某(mou)生民間借(jie)貸糾紛再審檢(jian)察建議(yi)案

    　　5.張某與史某珍、路(lu)某毛確認合同效力糾紛等再(zai)審檢察建議(yi)系(xi)列案(an)

    　　6.姜某與某燙金材(cai)料(liao)公司(si)、某印刷物資公司(si)等買(mai)賣合同(tong)糾紛再審檢察建議案

    　　7.李某與卓某婚(hun)約財產糾紛等(deng)再審檢(jian)察建議系列案(an)

    　　8.秦某奎與某建設工(gong)程(cheng)公(gong)司勞動爭議糾紛再(zai)審檢(jian)察建議案

    　　9.曹某(mou)與田某(mou)離婚后財產糾紛(fen)再審(shen)檢(jian)察(cha)建議(yi)案

    　　10.鄭(zheng)某(mou)安與某(mou)物業發(fa)展公司商品房買賣合同糾(jiu)紛(fen)再審檢察(cha)建議案

     

    案例一 孟某清與梁某離婚糾紛等再審檢察建議系列案

    　　一、基本案情

    　　孟(meng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)清(女)、高某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(男(nan))二人原籍(ji)為(wei)河南(nan),2015年(nian)4月(yue),二人在(zai)(zai)河南(nan)省駐馬店市民(min)政(zheng)部門辦理結(jie)(jie)婚登記手續。2018年(nian)8月(yue)至9月(yue)間(jian),孟(meng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)清為(wei)獲取北(bei)(bei)京市戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji),先通過趙某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)飛等(deng)中間(jian)人將其本人戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)遷至河北(bei)(bei)省淶水縣,后經(jing)中間(jian)人牽線,與(yu)具(ju)有(you)北(bei)(bei)京市農(nong)(nong)業(ye)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)的未婚適齡(ling)男(nan)子梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)串通,持趙某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)飛等(deng)人偽(wei)造的孟(meng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)清與(yu)梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)3年(nian)前在(zai)(zai)淶水縣民(min)政(zheng)局登記結(jie)(jie)婚的結(jie)(jie)婚證(zheng)(zheng),到梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)所在(zai)(zai)村(cun)村(cun)委會和(he)鎮政(zheng)府開具(ju)相關(guan)身(shen)份(fen)證(zheng)(zheng)明。孟(meng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)清利(li)用外地女子與(yu)北(bei)(bei)京市農(nong)(nong)業(ye)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)男(nan)子結(jie)(jie)婚滿(man)3年(nian)即(ji)可以“夫妻(qi)投靠”方式落戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)北(bei)(bei)京的戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)政(zheng)策,與(yu)梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)持上述偽(wei)造的結(jie)(jie)婚證(zheng)(zheng)和(he)身(shen)份(fen)證(zheng)(zheng)明材料(liao)到梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)所在(zai)(zai)地派出所辦理戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)遷入手續,孟(meng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)清落戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)地。

    　　2018年11月,孟(meng)(meng)某清(qing)持偽造的(de)結婚(hun)證將梁(liang)某起(qi)訴(su)至北京(jing)市大興區人民(min)法院,訴(su)請離婚(hun)。經大興區法院訴(su)前(qian)調解,二(er)人達成離婚(hun)協議,大興區法院為(wei)孟(meng)(meng)某清(qing)與梁(liang)某制作民(min)事(shi)調解書。

    　　2019年2月,孟某(mou)清持上述民(min)事(shi)調解書與(yu)高某(mou)分別以“離異”和“未婚(hun)”身份(fen)在(zai)北京市(shi)大興區民(min)政局(ju)登記結婚(hun),意圖再(zai)次為(wei)高某(mou)非(fei)法獲(huo)取北京市(shi)戶籍(ji)。

    　　二、監督與再審情況

    　　2019年(nian)(nian)下半年(nian)(nian),北京市大興(xing)區人民檢察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)開展虛(xu)假訴(su)(su)訟(song)專(zhuan)項監督活動中發現該院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)辦理的(de)趙某(mou)飛、孟(meng)某(mou)清、梁(liang)某(mou)涉嫌偽造(zao)國家機關證件罪案(an)件存在(zai)(zai)虛(xu)假訴(su)(su)訟(song)線索。另(ling)查明,除孟(meng)某(mou)清外(wai),南某(mou)雨(yu)、楊某(mou)平、龐某(mou)珊等(deng)3名非京籍女性亦是通過(guo)上(shang)述非法手(shou)段落戶北京市,后(hou)又(you)通過(guo)訴(su)(su)訟(song)方式騙取法院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)出(chu)(chu)具準予離婚的(de)民事調解(jie)書。2020年(nian)(nian)5月7日,大興(xing)區檢察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)向大興(xing)區法院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)提出(chu)(chu)再審檢察(cha)(cha)建(jian)議(yi),同時針對相(xiang)關民政部門辦理婚姻登記中存在(zai)(zai)的(de)審查把關不嚴等(deng)問(wen)題提出(chu)(chu)社會(hui)治理檢察(cha)(cha)建(jian)議(yi)。

    　　大興(xing)(xing)區法院(yuan)(yuan)收到再審檢察建議后,啟動再審程序,并(bing)對類(lei)似案(an)(an)件自行啟動專項排查。2020年9月,大興(xing)(xing)區法院(yuan)(yuan)作(zuo)出民(min)事裁定,撤銷(xiao)前述4份民(min)事調解(jie)書,駁回孟(meng)某清(qing)等人的起訴(su)。同(tong)時(shi),大興(xing)(xing)區法院(yuan)(yuan)作(zuo)出刑(xing)事判決,對孟(meng)某清(qing)、南某雨(yu)、楊某平等人虛假(jia)(jia)訴(su)訟、偽造國家機關(guan)證件等犯罪(zui)行為給予(yu)刑(xing)事處罰。上述民(min)事裁定、刑(xing)事判決均已發生法律效力。上述4起虛假(jia)(jia)訴(su)訟案(an)(an)件當事人的北(bei)京戶籍被公安機關(guan)注銷(xiao)。相關(guan)民(min)政部門針對社會治理檢察建議,及(ji)時(shi)研(yan)究(jiu)整(zheng)改(gai)措施,并(bing)將整(zheng)改(gai)情況回函檢察機關(guan)。

    　　三、典型意義

    　　戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)(ji)既是(shi)與社區、住戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、人(ren)(ren)口相關(guan)(guan)的市(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理和其他行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理的必備基礎,也(ye)與確認并(bing)依法(fa)(fa)(fa)保護戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)(ji)持有人(ren)(ren)合法(fa)(fa)(fa)權益等司法(fa)(fa)(fa)活(huo)動密切相關(guan)(guan)。與此同(tong)(tong)時,戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)理制度(du)也(ye)面(mian)(mian)臨多重(zhong)困局,如婚(hun)姻登記與戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)理尚未實現全面(mian)(mian)共(gong)享等,易被不(bu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)為人(ren)(ren)惡(e)意利(li)用(yong)。本案(an)即是(shi)一起當事人(ren)(ren)惡(e)意串通、偽(wei)造證(zheng)據,利(li)用(yong)北(bei)京(jing)“夫(fu)妻投靠(kao)”政(zheng)(zheng)策違法(fa)(fa)(fa)落戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),并(bing)持偽(wei)造的結(jie)婚(hun)證(zheng)向法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)提起虛(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)假(jia)離婚(hun)訴(su)(su)訟(song)意圖再次非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)謀取(qu)北(bei)京(jing)市(shi)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)(ji)的虛(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)假(jia)訴(su)(su)訟(song)案(an)件(jian)。該類案(an)件(jian)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)于當事人(ren)(ren)為逃避債務,或為牟取(qu)非(fei)(fei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)財產利(li)益等財產類虛(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)假(jia)訴(su)(su)訟(song)案(an)件(jian),其侵犯的是(shi)婚(hun)姻登記和戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)籍(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)理制度(du),屬(shu)于新(xin)領域(yu)、新(xin)類型(xing)的虛(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)假(jia)訴(su)(su)訟(song)。檢察機關(guan)(guan)結(jie)合地域(yu)特點和案(an)件(jian)規(gui)律,加強對此類虛(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)假(jia)訴(su)(su)訟(song)案(an)件(jian)情況的研判,綜合運用(yong)再審檢察建議、社會(hui)治理類檢察建議等監(jian)督方式,積極協(xie)同(tong)(tong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)和行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)管(guan)(guan)理機關(guan)(guan)履(lv)職(zhi),依法(fa)(fa)(fa)監(jian)督此類虛(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)假(jia)訴(su)(su)訟(song)案(an)件(jian),維護司法(fa)(fa)(fa)公(gong)正和正常社會(hui)管(guan)(guan)理秩序。

     

    案例二 王某國與某互聯網科技公司買賣合同糾紛等

    再審檢察建議系列案

    　　一、基本案情

    　　2017年2月(yue)(yue)(yue)16日(ri),王(wang)某國以(yi)93000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的價格購(gou)買(mai)某互聯網科(ke)技公(gong)司經銷的吉利(li)牌轎車(che)(che)一臺,當(dang)日(ri)支(zhi)付首(shou)(shou)付款13700元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(含定(ding)金2000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)),并辦(ban)理(li)車(che)(che)貸42570元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。雙方簽(qian)訂汽車(che)(che)銷售合(he)同(tong)(tong)約定(ding),除已支(zhi)付的首(shou)(shou)付款、定(ding)金及辦(ban)理(li)的車(che)(che)貸外,王(wang)某國需分(fen)三期(qi)向某互聯網科(ke)技公(gong)司支(zhi)付剩余款項共計36730元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),含購(gou)置稅(shui)4500元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、保(bao)險費6000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、GPS費3580元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、落戶中介費920元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、精品費8350元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、部分(fen)首(shou)(shou)付款13380元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan);分(fen)期(qi)利(li)息為(wei)月(yue)(yue)(yue)利(li)率2%,共償還(huan)本息38934元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),分(fen)別于2017年3月(yue)(yue)(yue)16日(ri)、4月(yue)(yue)(yue)16日(ri)、5月(yue)(yue)(yue)16日(ri)償還(huan)8934元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、15000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、15000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。張(zhang)某剛和王(wang)某勇為(wei)保(bao)證人。同(tong)(tong)日(ri),某互聯網科(ke)技公(gong)司要(yao)求(qiu)王(wang)某國簽(qian)署欠(qian)據(ju),載明因購(gou)買(mai)車(che)(che)輛需要(yao),王(wang)某國欠(qian)某互聯網科(ke)技公(gong)司93000元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),如王(wang)某國未(wei)能在2017年2月(yue)(yue)(yue)19日(ri)前還(huan)款,某互聯網科(ke)技公(gong)司將(jiang)案(an)涉吉利(li)牌轎車(che)(che)無條件收(shou)回,不退還(huan)任何費用。王(wang)某國到期(qi)未(wei)償還(huan)欠(qian)款。

    　　2017年(nian)10月28日,某(mou)互聯(lian)網(wang)科技公(gong)司訴(su)至黑(hei)龍江(jiang)省牡(mu)丹江(jiang)市愛民區人民法(fa)院,請(qing)求判(pan)令(ling)王(wang)某(mou)國(guo)立即償還購(gou)車款36730元,支付(fu)律師費3000元、利(li)息5852.31元,合(he)計45582.31元;張(zhang)某(mou)剛(gang)、王(wang)某(mou)勇對上述債務承(cheng)(cheng)擔連(lian)帶責(ze)任。2017年(nian)11月17日,愛民區法(fa)院作出民事調解書,明確王(wang)某(mou)國(guo)向(xiang)某(mou)互聯(lian)網(wang)科技公(gong)司償還欠款45582.31元,張(zhang)某(mou)剛(gang)、王(wang)某(mou)勇承(cheng)(cheng)擔連(lian)帶清償責(ze)任。

    　　二、監督與再審情況

    　　2019年3月,黑(hei)龍(long)江(jiang)省牡丹江(jiang)市人民(min)檢察院(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)援助工作中發現黑(hei)龍(long)江(jiang)省牡丹江(jiang)市公安局愛(ai)(ai)(ai)民(min)分局立案(an)(an)偵查(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)“套路貸”案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)中存在(zai)虛(xu)(xu)假訴(su)訟線索(suo),遂將線索(suo)移送牡丹江(jiang)市愛(ai)(ai)(ai)民(min)區人民(min)檢察院(yuan)(yuan)辦(ban)理(li)。愛(ai)(ai)(ai)民(min)區檢察院(yuan)(yuan)查(cha)(cha)(cha)明(ming),某(mou)(mou)互聯(lian)網科(ke)(ke)技(ji)公司以只需交納少量購(gou)(gou)車(che)(che)(che)(che)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan),另推(tui)薦足夠數(shu)量的(de)他人購(gou)(gou)車(che)(che)(che)(che)即可獲得(de)高(gao)額(e)返利為(wei)(wei)誘餌,推(tui)出“全民(min)經紀(ji)人”購(gou)(gou)車(che)(che)(che)(che)模式(shi)(shi)。該購(gou)(gou)車(che)(che)(che)(che)模式(shi)(shi)實際上(shang)是(shi)以汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)(che)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)的(de)合(he)法(fa)(fa)形式(shi)(shi)掩(yan)蓋“套路貸”詐(zha)騙的(de)非(fei)法(fa)(fa)目的(de),通(tong)過隱瞞合(he)同(tong)內容(rong)、虛(xu)(xu)增合(he)同(tong)價(jia)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)等手(shou)段虛(xu)(xu)構債務。本案(an)(an)中,某(mou)(mou)互聯(lian)網科(ke)(ke)技(ji)公司未向王(wang)某(mou)(mou)國(guo)(guo)說明(ming)汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)(che)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)合(he)同(tong)中增加義務或者減(jian)少權益的(de)條款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan),合(he)同(tong)簽訂后未交王(wang)某(mou)(mou)國(guo)(guo)留存汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)(che)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)合(he)同(tong)。該汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)(che)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)合(he)同(tong)及欠據(ju)中虛(xu)(xu)增精品費、保險(xian)費等并虛(xu)(xu)設首付(fu)(fu)(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)13380元(yuan)。王(wang)某(mou)(mou)國(guo)(guo)貸款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)、支付(fu)(fu)(fu)定金、首付(fu)(fu)(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)、償還墊(dian)付(fu)(fu)(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)數(shu)額(e),已(yi)超出案(an)(an)涉吉利牌汽(qi)(qi)車(che)(che)(che)(che)實際價(jia)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)。另查(cha)(cha)(cha)明(ming),除王(wang)某(mou)(mou)國(guo)(guo)案(an)(an)外,另有(you)7件(jian)(jian)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)已(yi)審(shen)結民(min)事案(an)(an)件(jian)(jian)為(wei)(wei)某(mou)(mou)互聯(lian)網科(ke)(ke)技(ji)公司以此種形式(shi)(shi)虛(xu)(xu)構債務,并通(tong)過提起民(min)事訴(su)訟獲取非(fei)法(fa)(fa)利益。2019年6月5日,愛(ai)(ai)(ai)民(min)區檢察院(yuan)(yuan)向愛(ai)(ai)(ai)民(min)區法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)提出8件(jian)(jian)再審(shen)檢察建議。

    　　愛民區法院收(shou)到再(zai)審(shen)檢察建議(yi)后(hou),啟(qi)動(dong)再(zai)審(shen)程序。2020年6月(yue)22日,愛民區法院以林某(mou)(mou)(mou)東犯詐騙(pian)(pian)罪,敲詐勒(le)索罪,妨害信用卡(ka)(ka)管理罪,偽造(zao)公司、企業印章(zhang)罪;黃某(mou)(mou)(mou)犯詐騙(pian)(pian)罪、敲詐勒(le)索罪;孫某(mou)(mou)(mou)麗、王某(mou)(mou)(mou)莉犯詐騙(pian)(pian)罪;丁某(mou)(mou)(mou)智犯妨害信用卡(ka)(ka)管理罪,偽造(zao)公司、企業印章(zhang)罪;張某(mou)(mou)(mou)犯詐騙(pian)(pian)罪,對該6人(ren)分別判處(chu)十(shi)六年到一年八個月(yue)不(bu)等有期徒刑(xing),并處(chu)750000元到20000元不(bu)等罰金(jin),該案一審(shen)刑(xing)事(shi)(shi)判決已(yi)生(sheng)效(xiao)。2020年12月(yue)至(zhi)2022年8月(yue),愛民區法院作出8份(fen)(fen)民事(shi)(shi)判決,撤銷8份(fen)(fen)民事(shi)(shi)調解書,全部(bu)駁回某(mou)(mou)(mou)互(hu)聯網科(ke)技(ji)公司的訴(su)訟(song)請求。某(mou)(mou)(mou)互(hu)聯網科(ke)技(ji)公司在法定期限(xian)內未提起上訴(su),該8份(fen)(fen)判決已(yi)經生(sheng)效(xiao)。

    　　三、典型意義

    　　虛(xu)假(jia)(jia)訴訟(song)(song)嚴重擾(rao)亂訴訟(song)(song)秩序(xu)、浪費司(si)法(fa)資源、損(sun)害司(si)法(fa)公(gong)信力,但(dan)因此類(lei)訴訟(song)(song)行為具有手段上(shang)的(de)隱蔽性、表象上(shang)的(de)合法(fa)性、關(guan)系上(shang)的(de)特殊性、形式上(shang)的(de)多樣性等特點,線索發現和查明事(shi)實(shi)難度較大。檢察機關(guan)與法(fa)院應(ying)當加(jia)強在虛(xu)假(jia)(jia)訴訟(song)(song)領域聯(lian)(lian)動協(xie)作配合,推動形成(cheng)互聯(lian)(lian)共(gong)享、有序(xu)銜接(jie)、合力整治(zhi)、共(gong)商(shang)共(gong)建(jian)(jian)的(de)內(nei)外(wai)聯(lian)(lian)動格局,充分發揮各自(zi)專業優勢,合力打(da)(da)(da)擊民事(shi)虛(xu)假(jia)(jia)訴訟(song)(song)行為。本(ben)案中(zhong),檢察機關(guan)與法(fa)院通過建(jian)(jian)立打(da)(da)(da)擊和懲治(zhi)虛(xu)假(jia)(jia)訴訟(song)(song)會商(shang)研判機制,就案件(jian)事(shi)實(shi)認(ren)定及(ji)法(fa)律(lv)適用問題進行會商(shang)研討,在虛(xu)構(gou)債務的(de)事(shi)實(shi)認(ren)定、合同(tong)效力的(de)法(fa)律(lv)適用以及(ji)虛(xu)假(jia)(jia)訴訟(song)(song)的(de)認(ren)定標準等方面達成(cheng)共(gong)識(shi)(shi),有效識(shi)(shi)別新類(lei)型(xing)虛(xu)假(jia)(jia)訴訟(song)(song),強化打(da)(da)(da)擊懲治(zhi)力度,共(gong)同(tong)營(ying)造誠(cheng)信公(gong)平法(fa)治(zhi)環境(jing),促進司(si)法(fa)公(gong)正(zheng)。

     

    案例三 黃某萍與朱某、顏某、舒某民間借貸糾紛

    再審檢察建議案

    　　一、基本案情

    　　2014年(nian)上半年(nian),朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)陸續向(xiang)徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)借(jie)款(kuan)1049萬(wan)元,后無力償還(huan)。為騙取擔保轉(zhuan)(zhuan)嫁債務,徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)與(yu)朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)、黃某(mou)(mou)(mou)堅串通,由(you)朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)向(xiang)黃某(mou)(mou)(mou)堅姐(jie)姐(jie)黃某(mou)(mou)(mou)萍出具金額1200萬(wan)元的借(jie)條(tiao),騙取其合作(zuo)伙伴江西企業(ye)主顏某(mou)(mou)(mou)、舒(shu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)作(zuo)為保證人在(zai)借(jie)條(tiao)上簽字。此(ci)后,徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)指使朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)在(zai)借(jie)條(tiao)上私自(zi)手寫“1200萬(wan)元匯入徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)賬戶(hu),用(yong)于歸(gui)還(huan)朱某(mou)(mou)(mou)尚欠徐(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)的借(jie)款(kuan)”,并指使黃某(mou)(mou)(mou)堅通過資金循環轉(zhuan)(zhuan)賬方式制造相應的款(kuan)項交付記(ji)錄(lu)。

    　　2015年(nian)11月2日,徐某(mou)指(zhi)使(shi)黃(huang)某(mou)萍向(xiang)浙江(jiang)省(sheng)衢州市(shi)柯(ke)城區(qu)人民(min)法院(yuan)(yuan)提起訴訟,要求(qiu)朱某(mou)歸還借(jie)款(kuan)1200萬元及利息(xi)(xi),顏某(mou)、舒(shu)某(mou)承擔連帶清(qing)(qing)償責任。經柯(ke)城區(qu)法院(yuan)(yuan)主持達成(cheng)調解協議:朱某(mou)歸還黃(huang)某(mou)萍借(jie)款(kuan)1200萬元及相應利息(xi)(xi),顏某(mou)、舒(shu)某(mou)就未清(qing)(qing)償債務的三分之(zhi)二(er)款(kuan)項承擔連帶清(qing)(qing)償責任等。后該案(an)進入執行(xing)程序,柯(ke)城區(qu)法院(yuan)(yuan)對朱某(mou)、顏某(mou)、舒(shu)某(mou)銀行(xing)賬戶、房產、車輛采取查封、扣押、凍結等執行(xing)措施。

    　　二、監督與再審情況

    　　顏某(mou)認為本案(an)系虛假訴訟,向江西省某(mou)縣公(gong)安局報(bao)案(an),但(dan)一直未能(neng)刑事立案(an),后向衢州市柯(ke)城(cheng)區人(ren)(ren)民檢察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)申請監(jian)督。柯(ke)城(cheng)區檢察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)查明,黃某(mou)萍系下崗職工,經濟狀況較差,沒有能(neng)力(li)出(chu)借1200萬元錢款;案(an)涉借款1200萬元由(you)案(an)外人(ren)(ren)轉(zhuan)入黃某(mou)萍賬(zhang)戶,經過一系列流轉(zhuan)后又(you)重新回到(dao)案(an)外人(ren)(ren)賬(zhang)戶;案(an)涉款項未實際交付,確系借貸雙方(fang)惡(e)意串通騙取保(bao)證人(ren)(ren)擔保(bao)。2019年(nian)3月25日,柯(ke)城(cheng)區檢察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)向柯(ke)城(cheng)區法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)提出(chu)再審檢察(cha)(cha)建(jian)議。

    　　柯(ke)(ke)(ke)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)法(fa)(fa)院收到再審(shen)檢(jian)察建(jian)議后(hou)(hou),啟動再審(shen)程(cheng)序。柯(ke)(ke)(ke)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)檢(jian)察院經與柯(ke)(ke)(ke)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)法(fa)(fa)院溝(gou)通,由柯(ke)(ke)(ke)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)法(fa)(fa)院提前解(jie)除(chu)對顏某的部分(fen)查(cha)封(feng)措施。2020年6月28日(ri),柯(ke)(ke)(ke)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)法(fa)(fa)院作出(chu)民事裁(cai)(cai)定,撤銷民事調解(jie)書,駁回(hui)(hui)黃某萍(ping)起訴(su)(su);同時(shi)與柯(ke)(ke)(ke)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)檢(jian)察院溝(gou)通后(hou)(hou),將案件(jian)涉(she)嫌虛假訴(su)(su)訟犯罪線索移送公安機關(guan)。徐某不服一審(shen)裁(cai)(cai)定,提起上訴(su)(su)。2020年10月21日(ri),浙江省衢(qu)州市中級人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)院作出(chu)民事裁(cai)(cai)定,駁回(hui)(hui)上訴(su)(su),維(wei)持原裁(cai)(cai)定。2021年8月13日(ri),柯(ke)(ke)(ke)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)法(fa)(fa)院以虛假訴(su)(su)訟罪分(fen)別判處徐某、朱(zhu)某、黃某堅二年到一年不等刑(xing)期的有期徒刑(xing),并處罰金共計29萬元,一審(shen)刑(xing)事判決(jue)已生效。因黃某萍(ping)犯罪情節(jie)輕微(wei),檢(jian)察機關(guan)對其作出(chu)不起訴(su)(su)決(jue)定。

    　　三、典型意義

    　　虛假(jia)訴(su)(su)訟(song)(song)既擾(rao)亂司法(fa)(fa)秩序,也損害國家(jia)利益(yi)和(he)社(she)會公(gong)共利益(yi)。本案(an)系當事(shi)人惡意串通型(xing)虛假(jia)訴(su)(su)訟(song)(song),尤其(qi)難(nan)以(yi)識別,檢察機關(guan)查明(ming)虛假(jia)訴(su)(su)訟(song)(song)事(shi)實后,以(yi)再審檢察建議(yi)提(ti)出監(jian)督(du)(du)意見,得到法(fa)(fa)院認同。因本案(an)涉(she)及虛假(jia)訴(su)(su)訟(song)(song)犯罪(zui),檢察機關(guan)、法(fa)(fa)院與公(gong)安機關(guan)加強溝通,協(xie)同推(tui)進刑(xing)事(shi)案(an)件與民事(shi)糾紛處(chu)理,在監(jian)督(du)(du)糾正虛假(jia)民事(shi)訴(su)(su)訟(song)(song)案(an)件的(de)同時依(yi)法(fa)(fa)追究虛假(jia)訴(su)(su)訟(song)(song)行(xing)為(wei)人相應的(de)刑(xing)事(shi)責任。

    　　

    案例四 張某友與黃某生民間借貸糾紛再審檢察建議案

    　　一、基本案情

    　　張(zhang)某友(you)(you)與(yu)雷某芬的婚姻關(guan)系存續期(qi)間為(wei)2001年(nian)2月14日(ri)(ri)(ri)至2020年(nian)7月28日(ri)(ri)(ri)。黃(huang)某生(sheng)系雷某芬的姨父。2015年(nian)2月27日(ri)(ri)(ri),張(zhang)某友(you)(you)因買房需要向黃(huang)某生(sheng)借款(kuan)(kuan)30萬元,黃(huang)某生(sheng)通過現金方式支付給張(zhang)某友(you)(you)。張(zhang)某友(you)(you)自借款(kuan)(kuan)之日(ri)(ri)(ri)起(qi)一直未予償還。

    　　2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)25日(ri)(ri)(ri),張(zhang)某(mou)友駕駛車(che)輛(liang)發(fa)生交通事故(gu)(gu)致廖某(mou)明(ming)死亡(wang)。2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)9月(yue)(yue)10日(ri)(ri)(ri),張(zhang)某(mou)友因(yin)交通肇(zhao)事罪被重慶市(shi)開(kai)州區人(ren)民(min)法(fa)院判處(chu)有期徒刑一年(nian)(nian)(nian)。2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)7月(yue)(yue)8日(ri)(ri)(ri),死者廖某(mou)明(ming)近親屬(shu)以(yi)機動(dong)車(che)交通事故(gu)(gu)責(ze)任(ren)糾紛起訴張(zhang)某(mou)友等人(ren),同年(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)30日(ri)(ri)(ri),開(kai)州區法(fa)院作(zuo)出(chu)一審(shen)民(min)事判決(jue),判令張(zhang)某(mou)友等人(ren)連帶賠(pei)償死者廖某(mou)明(ming)近親屬(shu)494883.83元。一審(shen)判決(jue)生效(xiao)后,死者廖某(mou)明(ming)近親屬(shu)于2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue)2日(ri)(ri)(ri)申請執行。

    　　2020年7月11日,張(zhang)某(mou)友將自己名(ming)下200000元(yuan)(yuan)定期存款轉移至其姐夫譚某(mou)萬銀行卡中,次日,譚某(mou)萬將200000元(yuan)(yuan)以現金方(fang)式取出(chu)。

    　　2020年7月28日,張某(mou)友、雷(lei)某(mou)芬在(zai)開州(zhou)區民政(zheng)局辦理離婚(hun)登記,在(zai)離婚(hun)協議(yi)中(zhong)將(jiang)一(yi)套夫妻共(gong)有(you)房(fang)屋約定由雷(lei)某(mou)芬一(yi)人所有(you)。

    　　2021年9月9日(ri),張(zhang)某(mou)(mou)友(you)刑滿(man)出獄(yu)后(hou),因黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)生想起訴(su)張(zhang)某(mou)(mou)友(you),要求(qiu)其(qi)償還30萬元借款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan),雙方經商量后(hou),張(zhang)某(mou)(mou)友(you)給黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)生補充出具“還款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)計劃書(shu)”,落款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)時間提(ti)前到2020年8月13日(ri),并且將本(ben)沒有約(yue)定(ding)利(li)息的借款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)寫(xie)上月利(li)率1.5%。

    　　2021年11月1日(ri),黃某(mou)生(sheng)以民間借(jie)貸(dai)糾紛為由起(qi)訴(su)張某(mou)友。2021年12月6日(ri),開州區法(fa)院作(zuo)出一審民事判決(jue),判令張某(mou)友償還黃某(mou)生(sheng)借(jie)款本(ben)金300000元(yuan),并以300000元(yuan)為基數支付相應(ying)利息。一審判決(jue)生(sheng)效后,黃某(mou)生(sheng)于2022年2月15日(ri)申請執(zhi)行。

    　　二、監督與再審情況

    　　2022年(nian)3月(yue)23日,死者廖某(mou)(mou)明(ming)近親(qin)屬向(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)市開(kai)(kai)州(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)人民(min)(min)檢(jian)察(cha)院提出控告(gao),認為(wei)(wei)黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)生與張某(mou)(mou)友民(min)(min)間借貸糾紛(fen)案系為(wei)(wei)逃(tao)避法院執行而進行的虛假訴訟(song)。開(kai)(kai)州(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)檢(jian)察(cha)院在重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)市人民(min)(min)檢(jian)察(cha)院第二分院指導下開(kai)(kai)展調查核實工(gong)作后查明(ming),黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)生與張某(mou)(mou)友惡意串通、捏造(zao)虛假高(gao)額利(li)(li)息,意圖稀釋死者廖某(mou)(mou)明(ming)近親(qin)屬受(shou)償比例。2022年(nian)10月(yue)10日,開(kai)(kai)州(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)檢(jian)察(cha)院向(xiang)開(kai)(kai)州(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)法院提出再審(shen)檢(jian)察(cha)建議,同(tong)時(shi)對黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)生在民(min)(min)間借貸糾紛(fen)中偽(wei)造(zao)證(zheng)據虛構(gou)利(li)(li)息債務、指使證(zheng)人出庭作出虛假陳(chen)述、干(gan)擾法院審(shen)判秩序等妨害民(min)(min)事訴訟(song)的行為(wei)(wei),建議開(kai)(kai)州(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)法院對黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)生采取罰款、拘留等強制措施。2022年(nian)8月(yue)29日,開(kai)(kai)州(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)檢(jian)察(cha)院向(xiang)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)慶(qing)市開(kai)(kai)州(zhou)(zhou)區(qu)公(gong)安局移送張某(mou)(mou)友、譚某(mou)(mou)萬(wan)涉嫌拒(ju)不執行判決的犯罪線索。

    　　開州(zhou)區(qu)法(fa)(fa)院收(shou)到再審(shen)檢(jian)察建議后,啟(qi)動再審(shen)程序。2023年5月8日,開州(zhou)區(qu)法(fa)(fa)院作(zuo)出(chu)(chu)再審(shen)民事(shi)判(pan)決,撤銷(xiao)原審(shen)判(pan)決,判(pan)令張某(mou)(mou)友(you)償還(huan)黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)生借款本金300000元(yuan),駁(bo)回黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)生的(de)其他(ta)訴訟請(qing)求。該一審(shen)民事(shi)判(pan)決已生效。2023年5月31日,開州(zhou)區(qu)法(fa)(fa)院決定對(dui)(dui)黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)生罰款10000元(yuan)。2023年1月3日,開州(zhou)區(qu)法(fa)(fa)院以拒(ju)不(bu)執行判(pan)決罪判(pan)處張某(mou)(mou)友(you)有期徒刑七個月,緩刑一年。因譚(tan)某(mou)(mou)萬在共同犯罪中作(zuo)用較(jiao)小,犯罪情(qing)節(jie)較(jiao)輕(qing),認(ren)罪態度較(jiao)好,檢(jian)察機關(guan)對(dui)(dui)其作(zuo)出(chu)(chu)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)不(bu)起訴處理(li),同時(shi)向公(gong)安機關(guan)發出(chu)(chu)檢(jian)察意見(jian)書,建議對(dui)(dui)譚(tan)某(mou)(mou)萬行政處罰。2023年3月16日,譚(tan)某(mou)(mou)萬被處行政拘(ju)留5日,并處罰款500元(yuan)。

    　　2022年10月1日,張(zhang)某(mou)友向(xiang)開州區法院繳(jiao)納執行(xing)案款519175元,死者廖某(mou)明近(jin)親(qin)屬的交(jiao)通事故賠償(chang)款全部執行(xing)到位(wei)。

    　　三、典型意義

    　　訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)活動是化解當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)之間爭議(yi)的(de)最后一道防線,體現(xian)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)公(gong)信力。虛假(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)當事(shi)(shi)人(ren)往往通(tong)過(guo)捏造事(shi)(shi)實、隱(yin)瞞真相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、虛構法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律關(guan)系,騙取法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)作(zuo)出(chu)對自己有利(li)(li)的(de)裁判,侵(qin)害(hai)他人(ren)合(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)益、損(sun)害(hai)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)威(wei)和(he)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)公(gong)信力。本(ben)案中,張某(mou)友為(wei)逃避法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)強制執(zhi)行、減少債務(wu)(wu)承擔,與(yu)(yu)黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)生惡意(yi)串(chuan)通(tong)、虛構遠大于本(ben)金數(shu)額的(de)利(li)(li)息(xi)債務(wu)(wu),與(yu)(yu)雷(lei)某(mou)芬通(tong)過(guo)協議(yi)離(li)婚的(de)方式將共同所(suo)有的(de)房屋約定由雷(lei)某(mou)芬單(dan)獨所(suo)有,在交通(tong)事(shi)(shi)故(gu)死者家屬(shu)起訴(su)(su)(su)后短期(qi)(qi)內將定期(qi)(qi)存款(kuan)200000元轉移(yi)給其姐夫(fu)譚(tan)某(mou)萬(wan),并向法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)提起本(ben)案虛假(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)。對此(ci),檢(jian)察機(ji)(ji)關(guan)與(yu)(yu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)、公(gong)安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)分工負(fu)責、互相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)配合(he)、互相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)制約,采取民(min)事(shi)(shi)案件、刑(xing)事(shi)(shi)案件并進方式,依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)懲治虛假(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)、拒(ju)不執(zhi)行判決等違(wei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)犯(fan)(fan)罪行為(wei)。一方面,本(ben)案再審檢(jian)察建議(yi)發出(chu)后,虛假(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)得(de)到(dao)(dao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)再審改判,交通(tong)事(shi)(shi)故(gu)死者家屬(shu)拿到(dao)(dao)全部賠償款(kuan),真實權(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)人(ren)的(de)民(min)事(shi)(shi)權(quan)(quan)利(li)(li)得(de)到(dao)(dao)保障,司法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)威(wei)和(he)公(gong)信力得(de)到(dao)(dao)維護(hu);另一方面,張某(mou)友因虛假(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)逃避法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)強制執(zhi)行被(bei)(bei)追究刑(xing)事(shi)(shi)責任,譚(tan)某(mou)萬(wan)因幫助張某(mou)友轉移(yi)財產被(bei)(bei)公(gong)安機(ji)(ji)關(guan)給予行政處罰(fa),黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)生因虛假(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)被(bei)(bei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院(yuan)處以(yi)罰(fa)款(kuan),打破(po)虛假(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)及相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)違(wei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)犯(fan)(fan)罪行為(wei)人(ren)“零成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)”的(de)幻想(xiang)和(he)“低成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)”的(de)慣例,有利(li)(li)于增強全社會對虛假(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)及相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)違(wei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)犯(fan)(fan)罪的(de)防范意(yi)識,推動形成(cheng)(cheng)誠信訴(su)(su)(su)訟(song)(song)的(de)社會氛圍。

    　　

    案例五 張某與史某珍、路某毛確認合同效力糾紛等

    再審檢察建議系列案

    　　一、基本案情

    　　2019年9月23日,購房(fang)人張(zhang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)通過房(fang)產(chan)中(zhong)介(jie)路某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)毛與賣(mai)房(fang)人史某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)珍簽訂《存量房(fang)屋買賣(mai)合(he)(he)同(tong)》,合(he)(he)同(tong)約(yue)定:張(zhang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)購買史某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)珍坐落于(yu)南京市(shi)浦口區園勝路××號房(fang)屋一(yi)套,房(fang)屋轉(zhuan)讓價款為102萬元,史某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)珍配合(he)(he)張(zhang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)辦理過戶;若(ruo)在合(he)(he)同(tong)履(lv)行(xing)中(zhong)發(fa)生爭議(yi),應(ying)至中(zhong)介(jie)戶籍地(河南省(sheng)固始縣)起訴。

    　　后張某(mou)(mou)以(yi)史(shi)某(mou)(mou)珍(zhen)未依(yi)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)約定配合辦理過(guo)戶為(wei)由,起訴至河(he)南省固始(shi)縣(xian)人(ren)民(min)法院,請(qing)求(qiu)確(que)(que)認(ren)上(shang)(shang)述購房合同(tong)(tong)(tong)有效(xiao),并繼續(xu)履(lv)行過(guo)戶手續(xu)。2020年1月19日(ri),固始(shi)縣(xian)法院開庭審理本案,當(dang)庭調(diao)解確(que)(que)認(ren)上(shang)(shang)述購房合同(tong)(tong)(tong)有效(xiao)且雙方(fang)均同(tong)(tong)(tong)意繼續(xu)履(lv)行。2020年3月11日(ri),固始(shi)縣(xian)法院按上(shang)(shang)述調(diao)解內容(rong)作出民(min)事調(diao)解書,并送達各方(fang)。

    　　調解書生效后,張某向固(gu)始(shi)縣法院申請強制執行(xing)。2020年(nian)4月26日,固(gu)始(shi)縣法院作出執行(xing)裁定(ding),將案涉房(fang)(fang)屋過戶(hu)給張某。2020年(nian)5月13日,南京市浦口區不動產(chan)登記中心依據上(shang)述執行(xing)裁定(ding)書及協(xie)助執行(xing)通(tong)知,將案涉房(fang)(fang)屋過戶(hu)至(zhi)張某名下。

    　　此外,呂某等3名購(gou)房(fang)人均(jun)通過(guo)路某毛以(yi)上述相同(tong)方式簽(qian)訂合同(tong),起訴并執行過(guo)戶。

    　　二、監督與再審情況

    　　河(he)南(nan)省固(gu)(gu)始(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)民(min)檢察院(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)(zai)履職(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)發現(xian)該4起民(min)事(shi)調(diao)(diao)解(jie)案件均存(cun)在(zai)(zai)同(tong)(tong)(tong)日受理、同(tong)(tong)(tong)日結(jie)案、同(tong)(tong)(tong)一原告(gao)代理人(ren)、同(tong)(tong)(tong)一被告(gao)代理人(ren)以及同(tong)(tong)(tong)一房產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)介(jie)等異(yi)常情況,可能存(cun)在(zai)(zai)虛(xu)假(jia)訴訟(song)行為(wei),遂(sui)依職(zhi)權(quan)啟(qi)動監督程序。經調(diao)(diao)查(cha)(cha)查(cha)(cha)明,2019年(nian)(nian)9月,張(zhang)某(mou)等4名(ming)購房人(ren)與史某(mou)珍(zhen)等房屋(wu)所(suo)有人(ren)為(wei)規避南(nan)京市新購房屋(wu)5年(nian)(nian)或3年(nian)(nian)內不(bu)得轉(zhuan)讓的限制交(jiao)易(yi)政(zheng)策,通(tong)過(guo)固(gu)(gu)始(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)房產(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)介(jie)路某(mou)毛簽訂格式存(cun)量房屋(wu)買賣合同(tong)(tong)(tong),并在(zai)(zai)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)約定管轄法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)固(gu)(gu)始(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan);為(wei)達到使(shi)房屋(wu)盡快(kuai)過(guo)戶(hu)目的,路某(mou)毛找到固(gu)(gu)始(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)律工作者周(zhou)某(mou)、吳某(mou)峰分別擔任原、被告(gao)代理人(ren),在(zai)(zai)固(gu)(gu)始(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)提(ti)(ti)起4起民(min)事(shi)訴訟(song),均請求確(que)認合同(tong)(tong)(tong)有效,并盡快(kuai)配合過(guo)戶(hu);固(gu)(gu)始(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)經審理后(hou)均調(diao)(diao)解(jie)結(jie)案,調(diao)(diao)解(jie)生效后(hou),張(zhang)某(mou)等人(ren)立即向固(gu)(gu)始(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)申請強制執行,現(xian)房屋(wu)已過(guo)戶(hu)到張(zhang)某(mou)等人(ren)名(ming)下(xia)。2022年(nian)(nian)10月14日,固(gu)(gu)始(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)檢察院(yuan)(yuan)向固(gu)(gu)始(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)提(ti)(ti)出4件再審檢察建議,同(tong)(tong)(tong)時針對(dui)執行中(zhong)(zhong)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)的問題,向該法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)提(ti)(ti)出執行監督檢察建議。固(gu)(gu)始(shi)(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)檢察院(yuan)(yuan)將相(xiang)關當事(shi)人(ren)涉嫌虛(xu)假(jia)訴訟(song)犯罪(zui)線(xian)索(suo)(suo)及相(xiang)關審判、執行人(ren)員(yuan)涉嫌職(zhi)務(wu)犯罪(zui)線(xian)索(suo)(suo)移送(song)有關機關或部門處理。

    　　固(gu)(gu)始(shi)縣(xian)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)收到再審(shen)檢(jian)察(cha)建(jian)議后,啟動再審(shen)程序。2023年1月3日,固(gu)(gu)始(shi)縣(xian)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)作出(chu)4份民事判決,均判決撤(che)銷原(yuan)調解書,駁回原(yuan)告的(de)訴(su)訟請求。該(gai)4份一審(shen)民事判決已(yi)生效(xiao)。固(gu)(gu)始(shi)縣(xian)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)采納執行監(jian)督檢(jian)察(cha)建(jian)議,健全完善內(nei)部印章管理、案件(jian)把關(guan)、文書審(shen)核(he)、流程監(jian)督等制度(du)。固(gu)(gu)始(shi)縣(xian)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)針(zhen)對(dui)本轄區(qu)此類案件(jian)開展專項倒(dao)查活(huo)動,依(yi)法(fa)(fa)糾正(zheng)2019年11月至2020年1月起訴(su)的(de)35起類似案件(jian)。

    　　固始縣檢察(cha)院(yuan)、法院(yuan)、公安局(ju)、司法局(ju)搭建協作機制,會簽(qian)《關于加強防范與懲治(zhi)虛假訴訟協助(zhu)配合工作的意見(jian)》,形成虛假訴訟聯(lian)防聯(lian)懲共(gong)治(zhi)格局(ju)。

    　　三、典型意義

    　　房屋(wu)(wu)限購政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)是(shi)國家(jia)堅持“房住(zhu)不炒”總(zong)原則(ze),壓投機保民(min)(min)生,實現居者有(you)(you)其屋(wu)(wu),促進房地(di)產市(shi)場(chang)平穩健康發(fa)展的(de)(de)重要舉措。實踐中(zhong),有(you)(you)的(de)(de)購房人、房產中(zhong)介為(wei)規(gui)避限購政(zheng)策(ce)(ce),利(li)用協議(yi)(yi)管轄(xia)的(de)(de)方式在異地(di)提(ti)起訴(su)訟,獲(huo)得(de)虛(xu)假(jia)裁判文(wen)書(shu),并通過法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院強制(zhi)執行實現所購房產順(shun)利(li)過戶(hu),嚴重擾亂房地(di)產市(shi)場(chang)秩序,破(po)壞(huai)司(si)(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)威,損害社會(hui)公(gong)共(gong)利(li)益。本案中(zhong),檢(jian)察(cha)機關精準發(fa)現異常線索,依法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)開展調查核(he)實查明事(shi)實,向(xiang)人民(min)(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院提(ti)出(chu)再(zai)審(shen)檢(jian)察(cha)建議(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)同時,主動與人民(min)(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院溝通會(hui)商、凝聚共(gong)識。人民(min)(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院及時作出(chu)回應,采(cai)納再(zai)審(shen)檢(jian)察(cha)建議(yi)(yi),啟動再(zai)審(shen)程(cheng)序糾(jiu)正(zheng)個案,并同步開展系統排查,自行糾(jiu)正(zheng)一批(pi)類似案件。檢(jian)察(cha)機關與人民(min)(min)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)院在此基礎上,強化協同治理,聯合其他部門(men)會(hui)簽(qian)防范懲治虛(xu)假(jia)訴(su)訟協作配合意見,就(jiu)加(jia)強涉(she)房屋(wu)(wu)限購等案件重點甄別、審(shen)查把關、有(you)(you)效監督等健全機制(zhi),推動形(xing)成信息互(hu)通、情況互(hu)商、數(shu)據共(gong)享的(de)(de)協同治理格局,共(gong)同維護(hu)司(si)(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)公(gong)正(zheng)和(he)司(si)(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)威,合力推動政(zheng)府(fu)民(min)(min)生政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)落(luo)實落(luo)地(di)。

    　　

    案例六 姜某與某燙金材料公司、某印刷物資公司等

    買賣合同糾紛再審檢察建議案

    　　一、基本案情

    　　2017年(nian)(nian)2月(yue)至6月(yue),某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)印(yin)刷(shua)(shua)物(wu)(wu)資(zi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)向(xiang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)燙(tang)(tang)金(jin)(jin)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)購(gou)買共計28萬(wan)余元電解鋁(lv)產(chan)品。某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)燙(tang)(tang)金(jin)(jin)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)通過姜某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)承(cheng)包的(de)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)快(kuai)遞(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)陸續發貨(huo),但某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)印(yin)刷(shua)(shua)物(wu)(wu)資(zi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)稱僅(jin)收(shou)(shou)到(dao)少(shao)部分貨(huo)物(wu)(wu),并拒絕支付(fu)剩(sheng)(sheng)余貨(huo)款(kuan)。2018年(nian)(nian)5月(yue),某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)燙(tang)(tang)金(jin)(jin)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)就買賣合(he)同糾紛向(xiang)浙江省(sheng)蒼(cang)南(nan)縣(xian)人(ren)民法院提起(qi)(qi)訴訟,要求(qiu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)印(yin)刷(shua)(shua)物(wu)(wu)資(zi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)支付(fu)剩(sheng)(sheng)余貨(huo)款(kuan)19萬(wan)余元。訴訟中,某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)印(yin)刷(shua)(shua)物(wu)(wu)資(zi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)否認(ren)收(shou)(shou)到(dao)全部貨(huo)物(wu)(wu),而某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)快(kuai)遞(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的(de)快(kuai)遞(di)簽收(shou)(shou)聯僅(jin)保留半年(nian)(nian)且(qie)無物(wu)(wu)流(liu)電子數據,某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)燙(tang)(tang)金(jin)(jin)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)提交的(de)快(kuai)遞(di)面單無簽收(shou)(shou)記(ji)錄(lu),只能(neng)證(zheng)明其將貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)交由姜某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)收(shou)(shou)寄,無法證(zheng)明某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)印(yin)刷(shua)(shua)物(wu)(wu)資(zi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)收(shou)(shou)貨(huo)情(qing)況,蒼(cang)南(nan)縣(xian)法院據此判決某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)印(yin)刷(shua)(shua)物(wu)(wu)資(zi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)支付(fu)自認(ren)的(de)欠(qian)付(fu)貨(huo)款(kuan)2.5萬(wan)余元及利息。一審(shen)判決生效后(hou),某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)燙(tang)(tang)金(jin)(jin)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)又以運輸合(he)同糾紛提起(qi)(qi)訴訟,要求(qiu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)快(kuai)遞(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)、姜某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)賠償貨(huo)物(wu)(wu)損失,蒼(cang)南(nan)縣(xian)法院判決支持(chi)。某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)燙(tang)(tang)金(jin)(jin)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)申(shen)請執行(xing),某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)快(kuai)遞(di)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)無財(cai)產(chan)可供執行(xing),姜某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)被執行(xing)6000余元后(hou)被列(lie)入失信人(ren)名(ming)單。

    　　二、監督與再審情況

    　　姜(jiang)某(mou)(mou)不服(fu)上述買(mai)賣合(he)(he)同(tong)糾紛(fen)、運輸合(he)(he)同(tong)糾紛(fen)案件(jian)一審(shen)生效判(pan)決,申請再審(shen)均(jun)被駁回(hui),遂向浙江省蒼南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)人(ren)民檢察(cha)院申請監督。姜(jiang)某(mou)(mou)提(ti)出(chu)其(qi)有通過(guo)微(wei)信與客戶確(que)認(ren)物流信息(xi)的習(xi)慣,但因手機(ji)問題(ti)無法提(ti)供。蒼南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)檢察(cha)院遂委托溫州市檢察(cha)院司(si)(si)(si)法鑒定中心,通過(guo)技術手段(duan)恢復并提(ti)取姜(jiang)某(mou)(mou)與某(mou)(mou)印(yin)刷物資(zi)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)負責人(ren)的微(wei)信聊(liao)天記錄,梳理發(fa)貨(huo)記錄與快遞清單的對應關系(xi)。蒼南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)檢察(cha)院舉行公(gong)開聽證,圍繞某(mou)(mou)印(yin)刷物資(zi)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)是否收到全部貨(huo)物,現場出(chu)示檢察(cha)機(ji)關提(ti)取的微(wei)信聊(liao)天記錄等新(xin)證據(ju)組(zu)織質證。某(mou)(mou)印(yin)刷物資(zi)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)負責人(ren)對聊(liao)天記錄顯示貨(huo)物已簽收及自稱(cheng)“我還卡了他(ta)二十萬的貨(huo)款”等情況均(jun)無法作出(chu)合(he)(he)理解釋。蒼南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)檢察(cha)院綜合(he)(he)本案證據(ju),認(ren)定某(mou)(mou)印(yin)刷物資(zi)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)已收到案涉貨(huo)物。2021年4月21日、2023年3月14日,蒼南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)檢察(cha)院分(fen)別就上述買(mai)賣合(he)(he)同(tong)糾紛(fen)、運輸合(he)(he)同(tong)糾紛(fen)案件(jian)向蒼南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)法院提(ti)出(chu)再審(shen)檢察(cha)建議。

    　　蒼(cang)南(nan)縣法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)收到再審(shen)(shen)檢察建議后,對(dui)上述買賣(mai)合(he)(he)同(tong)糾(jiu)紛(fen)、運輸合(he)(he)同(tong)糾(jiu)紛(fen)案(an)件均啟動再審(shen)(shen)程序。2022年5月(yue)30日(ri),蒼(cang)南(nan)縣法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)就上述買賣(mai)合(he)(he)同(tong)糾(jiu)紛(fen)案(an)作(zuo)出一審(shen)(shen)判(pan)(pan)(pan)決,認定(ding)姜某(mou)(mou)已將某(mou)(mou)燙金材料公(gong)司(si)(si)27萬余(yu)(yu)元貨(huo)物發至某(mou)(mou)印刷(shua)物資(zi)(zi)公(gong)司(si)(si)或其指定(ding)地點(dian),并(bing)改判(pan)(pan)(pan)某(mou)(mou)印刷(shua)物資(zi)(zi)公(gong)司(si)(si)支付某(mou)(mou)燙金材料公(gong)司(si)(si)貨(huo)款(kuan)15.3萬余(yu)(yu)元和(he)賠償利(li)息損失。某(mou)(mou)印刷(shua)物資(zi)(zi)公(gong)司(si)(si)不服一審(shen)(shen)判(pan)(pan)(pan)決,提(ti)出上訴。2023年1月(yue)19日(ri),浙江省溫(wen)州(zhou)市中級人民(min)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)作(zuo)出二審(shen)(shen)判(pan)(pan)(pan)決,駁(bo)回(hui)上訴,維持原判(pan)(pan)(pan)。2023年7月(yue)7日(ri),蒼(cang)南(nan)縣法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)、檢察院(yuan)就上述運輸合(he)(he)同(tong)糾(jiu)紛(fen)案(an)共同(tong)組織庭(ting)前(qian)(qian)調解,雙方在(zai)庭(ting)前(qian)(qian)達成和(he)解協(xie)議,蒼(cang)南(nan)縣法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)調解結案(an)。

    　　三、典型意義

    　　司(si)法(fa)(fa)實踐(jian)中(zhong)(zhong),部分當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)因法(fa)(fa)治意(yi)識淡薄(bo)、取證(zheng)能(neng)(neng)力有限(xian)等(deng)因素(su),導致(zhi)被動(dong)承(cheng)受舉證(zheng)不能(neng)(neng)的(de)不利后果。在上(shang)述買賣合同糾紛(fen)案中(zhong)(zhong),檢(jian)察機關通過依法(fa)(fa)行(xing)使調(diao)查核實權,借(jie)助檢(jian)察技術協作,恢復并提取當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)自身難以獲取的(de)電子數據,并組織公(gong)開聽證(zheng)進行(xing)質證(zheng),確保查清事(shi)實,實現精準監督,讓失信者(zhe)擔責(ze),守信者(zhe)受益。

    　　

    案例七 李某與卓某婚約財產糾紛等再審檢察建議系列案

    　　一、基本案情

    　　2020年(nian)3月(yue),卓(zhuo)(zhuo)某以婚約財產糾紛(fen)向(xiang)安徽省靈璧(bi)縣(xian)人(ren)民(min)法(fa)院提起(qi)訴訟,請求李(li)(li)某退還給付的彩禮款。2020年(nian)5月(yue)9日(ri)(ri)(ri),靈璧(bi)縣(xian)法(fa)院作出民(min)事(shi)調解書(shu),調解協議(yi)內容為(wei):一、李(li)(li)某自愿(yuan)于2020年(nian)5月(yue)10日(ri)(ri)(ri)前(qian)償(chang)(chang)還卓(zhuo)(zhuo)某3萬元(yuan)(yuan),2020年(nian)6月(yue)28日(ri)(ri)(ri)前(qian)償(chang)(chang)還6000元(yuan)(yuan),2020年(nian)7月(yue)28日(ri)(ri)(ri)前(qian)償(chang)(chang)還6000元(yuan)(yuan),2020年(nian)8月(yue)28日(ri)(ri)(ri)前(qian)償(chang)(chang)還6000元(yuan)(yuan),2020年(nian)9月(yue)28日(ri)(ri)(ri)前(qian)償(chang)(chang)還6000元(yuan)(yuan),2020年(nian)10月(yue)28日(ri)(ri)(ri)前(qian)償(chang)(chang)還6000元(yuan)(yuan),卓(zhuo)(zhuo)某同意并(bing)自愿(yuan)放棄其他訴訟請求;二、若李(li)(li)某未按照(zhao)上述(shu)第一項協議(yi)約定(ding)的時間節點及時、足額償(chang)(chang)還欠款,卓(zhuo)(zhuo)某有權(quan)就全部債權(quan)(扣除已(yi)支付部分)申請強制執行;三、案件受(shou)理費1460元(yuan)(yuan),減(jian)半收取計730元(yuan)(yuan),李(li)(li)某自愿(yuan)負(fu)擔。后李(li)(li)某未履行該民(min)事(shi)調解書(shu)確定(ding)的義務,卓(zhuo)(zhuo)某向(xiang)靈璧(bi)縣(xian)法(fa)院申請強制執行。

    　　此外,鄧某(mou)、李某(mou)雷、王某(mou)報等3人(ren)以婚約財產(chan)糾紛或(huo)民間(jian)借(jie)貸糾紛向靈璧縣(xian)法(fa)院(yuan)提起(qi)訴(su)訟,請求李某(mou)退(tui)還給(gei)付的彩禮款(kuan)或(huo)償還借(jie)款(kuan)。靈璧縣(xian)法(fa)院(yuan)對其(qi)中(zhong)2件調解結案,對另1件因原告申請撤訴(su)而裁定準許撤回起(qi)訴(su)。

    　　二、監督與再審情況

    　　安(an)徽省靈(ling)(ling)璧縣人民(min)(min)檢(jian)察院(yuan)在履職(zhi)中(zhong)發現上(shang)述(shu)婚(hun)約(yue)財(cai)產(chan)糾(jiu)紛等案(an)件中(zhong),被告均為李(li)(li)某(mou),靈(ling)(ling)璧縣法院(yuan)作出民(min)(min)事調(diao)解書時間較為集中(zhong),且案(an)件均因被執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)人李(li)(li)某(mou)聯(lian)系不(bu)(bu)上(shang)、沒(mei)有查(cha)(cha)詢(xun)到可供執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)的(de)財(cai)產(chan)而終(zhong)結本(ben)次執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing),這些異常點(dian)均指向被執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)人李(li)(li)某(mou)可能存(cun)在騙(pian)婚(hun)嫌(xian)(xian)疑,遂對(dui)上(shang)述(shu)婚(hun)約(yue)財(cai)產(chan)糾(jiu)紛等案(an)件依職(zhi)權啟動(dong)監督程序,并將(jiang)李(li)(li)某(mou)涉(she)嫌(xian)(xian)詐騙(pian)犯罪線索移送公安(an)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)處理,公安(an)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)對(dui)李(li)(li)某(mou)涉(she)嫌(xian)(xian)詐騙(pian)罪立案(an)偵查(cha)(cha)。結合公安(an)機(ji)關(guan)(guan)偵查(cha)(cha)情況,靈(ling)(ling)璧縣檢(jian)察院(yuan)查(cha)(cha)明,2016年(nian)3月(yue)至(zhi)2019年(nian)9月(yue),李(li)(li)某(mou)在其(qi)合法婚(hun)姻關(guan)(guan)系存(cun)續(xu)期間,以“相親”為名,騙(pian)取卓某(mou)、鄧某(mou)、李(li)(li)某(mou)雷、王(wang)某(mou)報等4人彩(cai)禮約(yue)317400元。后李(li)(li)某(mou)均以各種理由(you)推(tui)脫,不(bu)(bu)再和卓某(mou)等4人見面并拒絕與他們結婚(hun),不(bu)(bu)予返還收受(shou)的(de)“彩(cai)禮”。從而圍(wei)繞(rao)李(li)(li)某(mou)引發了(le)4起婚(hun)約(yue)財(cai)產(chan)糾(jiu)紛或民(min)(min)間借貸(dai)糾(jiu)紛。2021年(nian)12月(yue)至(zhi)2022年(nian)10月(yue),靈(ling)(ling)璧縣檢(jian)察院(yuan)對(dui)上(shang)述(shu)4件婚(hun)約(yue)財(cai)產(chan)糾(jiu)紛、民(min)(min)間借貸(dai)糾(jiu)紛案(an)件提出再審(shen)檢(jian)察建議。

    　　靈(ling)璧縣(xian)法(fa)(fa)院收(shou)到再(zai)審檢察建(jian)議后(hou),對(dui)4件(jian)(jian)案(an)件(jian)(jian)均啟動再(zai)審程序。2022年(nian)10月至2023年(nian)2月,靈(ling)璧縣(xian)法(fa)(fa)院以(yi)李某(mou)涉(she)嫌(xian)詐騙犯罪(zui)已被公(gong)安機關立案(an)偵查,本案(an)不(bu)屬于民(min)(min)事(shi)案(an)件(jian)(jian)受案(an)范圍為由作出(chu)4份(fen)民(min)(min)事(shi)裁(cai)定,撤銷(xiao)原(yuan)民(min)(min)事(shi)調解書(shu)、裁(cai)定書(shu),駁回卓某(mou)等4人的起訴。該4份(fen)民(min)(min)事(shi)裁(cai)定已生效。2023年(nian)9月25日,靈(ling)璧縣(xian)法(fa)(fa)院以(yi)詐騙罪(zui)判(pan)處李某(mou)有(you)期(qi)徒刑十年(nian),并(bing)處罰金十萬元,對(dui)其違法(fa)(fa)所(suo)得予以(yi)追(zhui)繳并(bing)返(fan)還被害人。該刑事(shi)案(an)件(jian)(jian)中李某(mou)當庭認罪(zui)認罰,沒有(you)提出(chu)上(shang)訴,刑事(shi)判(pan)決(jue)已生效。

    　　三、典型意義

    　　檢察機關、法(fa)院在辦(ban)理民事(shi)案件時,要(yao)堅持(chi)依法(fa)能(neng)動、融合履職,保(bao)障民事(shi)法(fa)律的統一正確(que)實(shi)施。要(yao)依法(fa)運用調(diao)查核(he)實(shi)措施,查明案件事(shi)實(shi),準確(que)區分當事(shi)人之間是(shi)民事(shi)糾(jiu)紛(fen)還(huan)是(shi)刑事(shi)犯罪,精(jing)準辦(ban)好“刑民交(jiao)叉(cha)”案件。對違背公(gong)序良(liang)俗等損害(hai)國家(jia)利益(yi)和(he)社會公(gong)共利益(yi)的民事(shi)調(diao)解行為(wei)要(yao)及時監(jian)督并(bing)糾(jiu)錯,形(xing)成協同保(bao)障民生民利的合力,做到維護合法(fa)權(quan)益(yi)與打擊犯罪并(bing)重(zhong),以(yi)高質效檢察監(jian)督和(he)審判監(jian)督提升司法(fa)公(gong)信力。

    　　

    案例八 秦某奎與某建設工程公司勞動爭議糾紛再審檢察建議案

    　　一、基本案情

    　　2018年(nian)4月(yue)(yue)起(qi),秦(qin)(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)奎在某(mou)(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)司承建(jian)的重慶市(shi)石(shi)柱(zhu)縣(xian)某(mou)(mou)(mou)項(xiang)目從事木(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),該(gai)公(gong)(gong)司為(wei)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)奎繳納(na)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保險費(fei)用(yong)。2018年(nian)8月(yue)(yue)6日(ri)(ri)上(shang)午10時許(xu),秦(qin)(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)奎在該(gai)項(xiang)目作(zuo)業時摔傷(shang)(shang)(shang),后在石(shi)柱(zhu)縣(xian)人(ren)民醫(yi)院(yuan)治(zhi)(zhi)療,住院(yuan)3次(ci)共計(ji)65天(tian),醫(yi)療費(fei)共計(ji)73065.77元(yuan),已由某(mou)(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)司支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)奎第(di)一次(ci)住院(yuan)31天(tian),由其(qi)(qi)家屬護理(li)(li);第(di)二次(ci)和(he)第(di)三次(ci)住院(yuan)期間系某(mou)(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)司請(qing)(qing)人(ren)護理(li)(li)并支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)相關(guan)費(fei)用(yong);該(gai)公(gong)(gong)司還支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)奎停工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)留薪期工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)共計(ji)32000元(yuan)。2018年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)3日(ri)(ri),經秦(qin)(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)奎申請(qing)(qing),石(shi)柱(zhu)縣(xian)人(ren)力(li)資(zi)源和(he)社(she)會保障局作(zuo)出《認定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)決定(ding)(ding)書(shu)》,認定(ding)(ding)秦(qin)(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)奎所受傷(shang)(shang)(shang)害為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)。2019年(nian)4月(yue)(yue)6日(ri)(ri),石(shi)柱(zhu)縣(xian)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)能力(li)鑒(jian)定(ding)(ding)委員(yuan)會作(zuo)出《初次(ci)鑒(jian)定(ding)(ding)結(jie)論書(shu)》,鑒(jian)定(ding)(ding)結(jie)論為(wei)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)殘八級。2019年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)3日(ri)(ri),秦(qin)(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)奎向(xiang)(xiang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)司郵寄《解(jie)除(chu)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系申請(qing)(qing)書(shu)》,申請(qing)(qing)解(jie)除(chu)與該(gai)公(gong)(gong)司的勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系。同年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)17日(ri)(ri),秦(qin)(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)奎向(xiang)(xiang)石(shi)柱(zhu)縣(xian)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)人(ren)事爭議仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委員(yuan)會提出仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)申請(qing)(qing),該(gai)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委員(yuan)會以申請(qing)(qing)不(bu)符合受理(li)(li)條件為(wei)由不(bu)予(yu)受理(li)(li)。2020年(nian)1月(yue)(yue)7日(ri)(ri),秦(qin)(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)奎向(xiang)(xiang)重慶市(shi)石(shi)柱(zhu)土家族自治(zhi)(zhi)縣(xian)人(ren)民法院(yuan)提起(qi)訴(su)訟,請(qing)(qing)求判令解(jie)除(chu)其(qi)(qi)與某(mou)(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)司勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)關(guan)系;某(mou)(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)司向(xiang)(xiang)其(qi)(qi)支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保險待遇(yu)220669.6元(yuan)、解(jie)除(chu)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)合同經濟補償金13628元(yuan)。秦(qin)(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)奎起(qi)訴(su)后,某(mou)(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)司向(xiang)(xiang)其(qi)(qi)支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)5000元(yuan)。

    　　石柱縣(xian)法院(yuan)一(yi)審認(ren)為,秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)與某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公司(si)的勞(lao)動(dong)關系(xi)已(yi)(yi)協商一(yi)致解(jie)除(chu)(chu),不(bu)(bu)屬(shu)于《中華人民共和國勞(lao)動(dong)合同法》第(di)四十六條(tiao)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)的向勞(lao)動(dong)者支付(fu)(fu)經濟補償金的情(qing)形。某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公司(si)已(yi)(yi)為秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)建(jian)立工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)關系(xi),并且(qie)為秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)繳納工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)費(fei)用,秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)主張工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)待遇(yu),依據《工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)條(tiao)例(li)》規(gui)定(ding)(ding),應(ying)由(you)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)基金支付(fu)(fu)的部分,不(bu)(bu)予支持;應(ying)由(you)用人單(dan)位支付(fu)(fu)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)待遇(yu),包(bao)括停(ting)(ting)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)留薪期(qi)待遇(yu)、住(zhu)院(yuan)期(qi)間護(hu)理費(fei)、停(ting)(ting)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)留薪期(qi)滿(man)至定(ding)(ding)殘日前生活(huo)津貼、一(yi)次(ci)性傷(shang)殘就(jiu)業補助(zhu)金等共計135911.6元(yuan)(yuan),予以(yi)認(ren)定(ding)(ding)。扣除(chu)(chu)某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公司(si)已(yi)(yi)支付(fu)(fu)秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)的醫(yi)藥(yao)費(fei)73065.77元(yuan)(yuan)和其(qi)他(ta)費(fei)用37000元(yuan)(yuan),認(ren)定(ding)(ding)某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公司(si)還應(ying)支付(fu)(fu)秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)相(xiang)關工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)待遇(yu)25845.83元(yuan)(yuan)。據此,判決:確認(ren)秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)、某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公司(si)的勞(lao)動(dong)關系(xi)解(jie)除(chu)(chu),某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公司(si)支付(fu)(fu)秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)鑒定(ding)(ding)費(fei)、停(ting)(ting)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)留薪期(qi)待遇(yu)、住(zhu)院(yuan)期(qi)間護(hu)理費(fei)、生活(huo)津貼、一(yi)次(ci)性傷(shang)殘就(jiu)業補助(zhu)金等共計25845.83元(yuan)(yuan),駁回秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)的其(qi)他(ta)訴(su)訟請(qing)求。

    　　秦某(mou)奎(kui)不服一審(shen)判(pan)決,向重慶(qing)市(shi)第四(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)級人民法院提(ti)出上訴。某(mou)建(jian)設(she)工程(cheng)公司(si)(si)在二審(shen)中(zhong)(zhong)同意(yi)支(zhi)付秦某(mou)奎(kui)解(jie)除勞動關系的(de)經濟(ji)補償金,重慶(qing)市(shi)第四(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)級人民法院予(yu)以(yi)認可。二審(shen)中(zhong)(zhong),工傷保(bao)險基金將其應支(zhi)付的(de)工傷保(bao)險待(dai)遇支(zhi)付至某(mou)建(jian)設(she)工程(cheng)公司(si)(si)賬戶,該公司(si)(si)支(zhi)付給秦某(mou)奎(kui),其中(zhong)(zhong)醫療費用部分有(you)7206.25元(yuan)未(wei)予(yu)報(bao)銷(xiao)。

    　　二(er)審法院認為,依據《工傷(shang)保(bao)險條(tiao)例》相關規定,應由某(mou)建(jian)設工程公司支(zhi)(zhi)付的(de)(de)工傷(shang)保(bao)險待遇中的(de)(de)醫療費用(yong)部(bu)分,秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)奎(kui)未能舉證(zheng)證(zheng)明超出工傷(shang)保(bao)險診(zhen)療項目(mu)目(mu)錄(lu)(lu)、工傷(shang)保(bao)險藥品(pin)目(mu)錄(lu)(lu)、工傷(shang)保(bao)險住(zhu)院服務標準(zhun)的(de)(de)范圍,某(mou)建(jian)設工程公司已經支(zhi)(zhi)付的(de)(de)醫療費用(yong)可以抵扣其應支(zhi)(zhi)付的(de)(de)費用(yong)。據此,判決:確認秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)奎(kui)、某(mou)建(jian)設工程公司的(de)(de)勞動關系解(jie)除,某(mou)建(jian)設工程公司支(zhi)(zhi)付秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)奎(kui)停工留薪期(qi)待遇、住(zhu)院期(qi)間護理(li)費、生活津(jin)貼、一次性(xing)傷(shang)殘(can)就業補助(zhu)金(jin)、經濟補償金(jin)共計(ji)39473.83元(yuan),駁回秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)奎(kui)的(de)(de)其他(ta)訴訟請求。

    　　二、監督與再審情況

    　　秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)不服二(er)(er)審(shen)(shen)(shen)判(pan)(pan)決(jue),向重(zhong)慶(qing)市高級人(ren)(ren)民法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)申(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)再審(shen)(shen)(shen)被駁回,后(hou)向重(zhong)慶(qing)市人(ren)(ren)民檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)第(di)(di)(di)四(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)申(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)監督。重(zhong)慶(qing)市人(ren)(ren)民檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)第(di)(di)(di)四(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)查(cha)明(ming),工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)事故(gu)(gu)發(fa)生(sheng)之(zhi)后(hou),秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)住院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)治療(liao)三(san)次,第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)次為2018年8月(yue)(yue)6日(ri)(ri)至(zhi)(zhi)2018年9月(yue)(yue)6日(ri)(ri),共31天,治療(liao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)54090.92元(yuan);第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)次為2019年3月(yue)(yue)13日(ri)(ri)至(zhi)(zhi)2019年4月(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri),共20天,治療(liao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)11843.31元(yuan);第(di)(di)(di)三(san)次為2019年8月(yue)(yue)25日(ri)(ri)至(zhi)(zhi)2019年9月(yue)(yue)9日(ri)(ri),共16天,治療(liao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)7131.54元(yuan)。因某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)未(wei)(wei)在(zai)秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)受(shou)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)日(ri)(ri)起30日(ri)(ri)內申(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)認(ren)(ren)(ren)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),對受(shou)理秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)認(ren)(ren)(ren)定(ding)申(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)之(zhi)日(ri)(ri)前的(de)(de)(de)(de)醫療(liao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)等(deng)(deng)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)基金不予(yu)報銷;秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)第(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)次、第(di)(di)(di)三(san)次治療(liao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)中,有(you)7206.25元(yuan)未(wei)(wei)報銷的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因為不符合工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)診(zhen)療(liao)項目(mu)目(mu)錄、工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)藥品(pin)目(mu)錄和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)住院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)服務標準(zhun)。二(er)(er)審(shen)(shen)(shen)判(pan)(pan)決(jue)生(sheng)效后(hou),某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)已按(an)二(er)(er)審(shen)(shen)(shen)判(pan)(pan)決(jue)內容支(zhi)付(fu)秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)39473.83元(yuan)。重(zhong)慶(qing)市人(ren)(ren)民檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)第(di)(di)(di)四(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)認(ren)(ren)(ren)為,根據《工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)條(tiao)(tiao)例(li)(li)》第(di)(di)(di)十(shi)七條(tiao)(tiao)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)款(kuan)(kuan)、第(di)(di)(di)四(si)款(kuan)(kuan),《重(zhong)慶(qing)市工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)實施辦法(fa)》第(di)(di)(di)十(shi)二(er)(er)條(tiao)(tiao)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)款(kuan)(kuan)等(deng)(deng)規(gui)(gui)定(ding),在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)事故(gu)(gu)發(fa)生(sheng)之(zhi)日(ri)(ri)起30日(ri)(ri)內,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)位沒有(you)申(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)認(ren)(ren)(ren)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),事故(gu)(gu)受(shou)害(hai)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)1年內自(zi)行申(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)認(ren)(ren)(ren)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de),自(zi)事故(gu)(gu)發(fa)生(sheng)之(zhi)日(ri)(ri)起至(zhi)(zhi)社會保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)行政部(bu)門受(shou)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)認(ren)(ren)(ren)定(ding)申(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)之(zhi)日(ri)(ri)止,期間產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)醫療(liao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、伙食補助費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)等(deng)(deng)符合《工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)條(tiao)(tiao)例(li)(li)》規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)待遇,應(ying)由用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)位承(cheng)擔。秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)發(fa)生(sheng)事故(gu)(gu)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)害(hai)后(hou)30日(ri)(ri)內,某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)未(wei)(wei)申(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)認(ren)(ren)(ren)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)受(shou)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)后(hou)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)次住院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)治療(liao)時(shi)間在(zai)石柱縣人(ren)(ren)力(li)資源和(he)社會保(bao)(bao)障局受(shou)理秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)認(ren)(ren)(ren)定(ding)申(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)請(qing)之(zhi)前,治療(liao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)54090.92元(yuan)及該次治療(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)其他(ta)合理費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)應(ying)由某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)承(cheng)擔。二(er)(er)審(shen)(shen)(shen)判(pan)(pan)決(jue)在(zai)認(ren)(ren)(ren)定(ding)某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)應(ying)當支(zhi)付(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)待遇時(shi),將(jiang)本(ben)應(ying)由該公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)支(zhi)付(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前述(shu)醫療(liao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)予(yu)以抵扣,導致未(wei)(wei)將(jiang)秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)次住院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)醫療(liao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)等(deng)(deng)合理費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)認(ren)(ren)(ren)定(ding)為應(ying)由用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)(ren)單(dan)位支(zhi)付(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)待遇。對因不符合工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)診(zhen)療(liao)項目(mu)目(mu)錄、工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)藥品(pin)目(mu)錄和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)住院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)服務標準(zhun)而未(wei)(wei)獲(huo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)基金報銷的(de)(de)(de)(de)7206.25元(yuan)治療(liao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)等(deng)(deng),某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)未(wei)(wei)提供(gong)證(zheng)據證(zheng)明(ming)秦(qin)(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎(kui)(kui)在(zai)治療(liao)過程(cheng)中存在(zai)不合理或過度醫療(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情形(xing),對該部(bu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),由某(mou)(mou)建(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)負擔符合公(gong)(gong)(gong)平原則(ze),也符合《工(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)條(tiao)(tiao)例(li)(li)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)立法(fa)宗旨。2022年1月(yue)(yue)17日(ri)(ri),重(zhong)慶(qing)市人(ren)(ren)民檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)第(di)(di)(di)四(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)院(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)提出再審(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察建(jian)議。

    　　重慶市第(di)四(si)(si)中(zhong)級人(ren)民(min)法院收到再審檢(jian)察建議后,啟動(dong)再審程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)。2022年8月27日(ri),重慶市第(di)四(si)(si)中(zhong)級人(ren)民(min)法院作出民(min)事判決(jue),采納檢(jian)察機關監督意見,判決(jue):確認秦(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎、某(mou)(mou)建設(she)工程(cheng)(cheng)公司的勞動(dong)關系解(jie)除,某(mou)(mou)建設(she)工程(cheng)(cheng)公司支付秦(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎工傷保險待遇(yu)61545.17元(yuan),駁回秦(qin)某(mou)(mou)奎的其他訴訟請求。

    　　三、典型意義

    　　檢察(cha)機關(guan)、法(fa)院(yuan)在(zai)辦理(li)(li)涉及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)待遇案件(jian)中,要(yao)(yao)(yao)注(zhu)重(zhong)把握《工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)條例(li)》的(de)立法(fa)宗旨(zhi),準確適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)律,保(bao)護勞動者(zhe)(zhe)合法(fa)權益。保(bao)障因工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作遭受事故傷(shang)(shang)(shang)害或者(zhe)(zhe)患職業病的(de)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)獲(huo)得醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)救(jiu)治(zhi)和(he)(he)經(jing)濟補(bu)償,促(cu)進(jin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)預防和(he)(he)職業康復,分(fen)散用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)風險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)制度的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)價值。按(an)照《工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)條例(li)》第(di)(di)十(shi)七條規(gui)定(ding),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)自事故傷(shang)(shang)(shang)害發(fa)生之日(ri)起30日(ri)內未(wei)向(xiang)社會(hui)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)行(xing)政部(bu)門(men)提(ti)出工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)認(ren)(ren)定(ding)申(shen)請(qing)的(de),在(zai)此期間發(fa)生的(de)符(fu)合《工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)條例(li)》規(gui)定(ding)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)待遇等(deng)有(you)關(guan)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),應由(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)承擔。該(gai)規(gui)定(ding)是對(dui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)一(yi)種懲戒(jie),目(mu)的(de)是督(du)促(cu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)在(zai)勞動者(zhe)(zhe)發(fa)生工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)事故后(hou),及時向(xiang)社會(hui)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)行(xing)政部(bu)門(men)提(ti)出工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)認(ren)(ren)定(ding)申(shen)請(qing),保(bao)障工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)職工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)及時獲(huo)得醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)救(jiu)治(zhi)和(he)(he)經(jing)濟補(bu)償。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)不得因怠于申(shen)請(qing)認(ren)(ren)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)行(xing)為(wei)獲(huo)益。此外,《工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)條例(li)》第(di)(di)三(san)十(shi)條規(gui)定(ding),超(chao)出工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)診(zhen)療(liao)(liao)(liao)項目(mu)目(mu)錄(lu)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)藥(yao)品目(mu)錄(lu)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)住院(yuan)服(fu)務標準的(de)治(zhi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),不予核準報(bao)銷,但(dan)對(dui)該(gai)部(bu)分(fen)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)由(you)誰承擔,《工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)條例(li)》沒有(you)明(ming)(ming)(ming)確規(gui)定(ding),通常認(ren)(ren)為(wei)合理(li)(li)部(bu)分(fen)應由(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)承擔。處理(li)(li)該(gai)問(wen)題應當區分(fen)情況:第(di)(di)一(yi),工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)賠償系法(fa)定(ding)的(de)無(wu)過錯責任,超(chao)出“三(san)項目(mu)錄(lu)”的(de)醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),原則上仍(reng)應由(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)負(fu)擔。第(di)(di)二,在(zai)治(zhi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷(shang)(shang)(shang)過程(cheng)中,沒有(you)必(bi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)超(chao)出“三(san)項目(mu)錄(lu)”范圍的(de)藥(yao)品、醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)器械(xie),但(dan)勞動者(zhe)(zhe)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)目(mu)錄(lu)外藥(yao)品、器械(xie)的(de),所產生的(de)未(wei)報(bao)銷費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),不宜一(yi)律要(yao)(yao)(yao)求用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)承擔。第(di)(di)三(san),對(dui)超(chao)出“三(san)項目(mu)錄(lu)”的(de)醫(yi)(yi)療(liao)(liao)(liao)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)存在(zai)非(fei)合理(li)(li)性(xing)和(he)(he)非(fei)必(bi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)的(de)問(wen)題,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)應當承擔證明(ming)(ming)(ming)責任,如用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)未(wei)提(ti)供(gong)證據證明(ming)(ming)(ming)存在(zai)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯的(de)非(fei)必(bi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)性(xing)和(he)(he)非(fei)合理(li)(li)性(xing),仍(reng)應由(you)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)承擔。

    　　

    案例九 曹某與田某離婚后財產糾紛再審檢察建議案

    　　一、基本案情

    　　2013年(nian),曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(男,澳門特(te)別(bie)(bie)行(xing)(xing)政區(qu)居(ju)民)與田某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(女)在澳門特(te)別(bie)(bie)行(xing)(xing)政區(qu)登記結婚。雙方簽訂婚前協(xie)議約定:“常居(ju)地”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)澳門特(te)別(bie)(bie)行(xing)(xing)政區(qu),并(bing)將(jiang)締結的(de)(de)婚姻采用(yong)“一般(ban)共同財產(chan)(chan)制”。曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)名下有(you)珠海(hai)(hai)(hai)與上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)兩套房(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)。珠海(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)是曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)2011年(nian)購買的(de)(de)商(shang)品(pin)房(fang)(fang)(fang)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)原是曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)父(fu)(fu)母(mu)承(cheng)租的(de)(de)公(gong)有(you)住(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang),2015年(nian),按上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)公(gong)有(you)住(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)改革政策,曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)父(fu)(fu)母(mu)、曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)有(you)權購買該房(fang)(fang)(fang),經協(xie)商(shang),曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)父(fu)(fu)母(mu)將(jiang)該房(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)確定為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)個人(ren)所有(you),田某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)配偶也需簽名,田某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)因故無法回到上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai),特(te)出具《委(wei)托(tuo)(tuo)書》,表示同意上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)房(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)產(chan)(chan)權人(ren)變更(geng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou),委(wei)托(tuo)(tuo)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)父(fu)(fu)親全權處(chu)理。曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)與上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)公(gong)司簽訂《上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)市公(gong)有(you)住(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)出售(shou)合同》,享(xiang)受各種優惠后,最(zui)終出售(shou)單價是281.71元/平(ping)方米,曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)父(fu)(fu)親支付12940元。訴訟(song)中,上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)房(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)評(ping)估價值為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)3489547元。

    　　2016年,澳門特別行政區(qu)法(fa)(fa)院判(pan)決(jue)(jue)曹某(mou)(mou)(mou)與(yu)田(tian)某(mou)(mou)(mou)離婚。之后(hou),田(tian)某(mou)(mou)(mou)向(xiang)廣東(dong)省(sheng)珠(zhu)海(hai)市香洲區(qu)人民(min)法(fa)(fa)院起(qi)訴,請求分割曹某(mou)(mou)(mou)名下的(de)(de)上述(shu)兩套(tao)房(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)。一審(shen)法(fa)(fa)院認為,依照《澳門民(min)法(fa)(fa)典(dian)》關于一般共(gong)同財產(chan)(chan)制的(de)(de)規定,珠(zhu)海(hai)、上海(hai)房(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)均屬于夫妻共(gong)同財產(chan)(chan)。判(pan)決(jue)(jue):上述(shu)兩套(tao)房(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)歸(gui)曹某(mou)(mou)(mou)所有,曹某(mou)(mou)(mou)補(bu)償上述(shu)兩套(tao)房(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)價(jia)值(zhi)一半(ban)款項給田(tian)某(mou)(mou)(mou)。曹某(mou)(mou)(mou)不服,認為上海(hai)的(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)屬于其個人財產(chan)(chan),遂向(xiang)廣東(dong)省(sheng)珠(zhu)海(hai)市中級人民(min)法(fa)(fa)院提起(qi)上訴。該院作(zuo)出二(er)審(shen)判(pan)決(jue)(jue),維持原判(pan)。

    　　二、監督與再審情況

    　　曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)不(bu)服二審判(pan)決,向(xiang)廣(guang)東(dong)省高級人(ren)民(min)(min)法院(yuan)申(shen)請再審被駁回,其后向(xiang)廣(guang)東(dong)省珠(zhu)(zhu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)市人(ren)民(min)(min)檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)申(shen)請監督。珠(zhu)(zhu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)市檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)查明,上(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)來(lai)源于(yu)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)母親(qin)單位調(diao)配和曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)父(fu)(fu)親(qin)出資承租;曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)申(shen)請并戶(hu)購(gou)(gou)買(mai)(mai)該房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)時,田某(mou)(mou)出具(ju)《委(wei)托書》,同(tong)意上(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)變更為曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou),并委(wei)托曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)父(fu)(fu)親(qin)全(quan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)處理;曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)購(gou)(gou)買(mai)(mai)上(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)時,享(xiang)(xiang)受曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)父(fu)(fu)親(qin)24年(nian)工(gong)齡優惠(hui),還享(xiang)(xiang)受地段(duan)、朝(chao)向(xiang)、樓層、成新折扣(kou)率(lv)、面積折扣(kou)率(lv)、已租住(zhu)(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)優惠(hui)率(lv)等(deng),是(shi)(shi)以(yi)成本(ben)價支付的房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)款;《關于(yu)出售(shou)公(gong)(gong)有住(zhu)(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的暫(zan)行辦法》(滬府發(1994)19號)規(gui)(gui)定(ding),購(gou)(gou)買(mai)(mai)成本(ben)價公(gong)(gong)有住(zhu)(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的對象,應為具(ju)有上(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)市常住(zhu)(zhu)戶(hu)口的公(gong)(gong)有住(zhu)(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)承租人(ren)或(huo)其同(tong)住(zhu)(zhu)成年(nian)人(ren)和符合分配住(zhu)(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)條(tiao)件的職工(gong)。珠(zhu)(zhu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)市檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)認為本(ben)案(an)夫(fu)(fu)妻財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)關系的準據法應為《澳(ao)門民(min)(min)法典》。雙(shuang)(shuang)方約(yue)定(ding)采用一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)共(gong)同(tong)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)制。珠(zhu)(zhu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)的房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)是(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)方結婚(hun)時已登記在(zai)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)名下的財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan),依照《澳(ao)門民(min)(min)法典》第(di)(di)1609條(tiao)規(gui)(gui)定(ding),該房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)屬(shu)夫(fu)(fu)妻共(gong)同(tong)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)。上(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)的房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)雖然登記在(zai)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)名下,但該房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)來(lai)源凝聚(ju)了曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)父(fu)(fu)母特定(ding)身份(fen)、資金投入等(deng)巨(ju)大的福利權(quan)(quan)(quan)益,按上(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)公(gong)(gong)有住(zhu)(zhu)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)政策,曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)父(fu)(fu)母將(jiang)該房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)巨(ju)大權(quan)(quan)(quan)益無(wu)償(chang)地由(you)曹(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)某(mou)(mou)享(xiang)(xiang)有,本(ben)質上(shang)是(shi)(shi)贈與。《澳(ao)門民(min)(min)法典》第(di)(di)1609條(tiao)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)共(gong)同(tong)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)制的一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)規(gui)(gui)定(ding),第(di)(di)1610條(tiao)a)款是(shi)(shi)排除規(gui)(gui)定(ding):贈與給夫(fu)(fu)妻一(yi)(yi)(yi)方的財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)不(bu)屬(shu)夫(fu)(fu)妻共(gong)同(tong)財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)。上(shang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)房(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)(quan)屬(shu)的認定(ding)應適用《澳(ao)門民(min)(min)法典》第(di)(di)1610條(tiao)a)款。2020年(nian)1月22日,珠(zhu)(zhu)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)市檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)提出再審檢(jian)察(cha)建議。

    　　珠海(hai)(hai)市中級法院(yuan)收到再審檢察建議后,啟(qi)動(dong)再審程(cheng)序(xu)。2021年(nian)12月29日(ri),該院(yuan)作出民(min)事判決,采納檢察機關監督意(yi)見,認定上海(hai)(hai)房(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)是曹某(mou)父母贈與曹某(mou)個人的財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan),不屬夫妻共同財(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan),不應予以(yi)分割。判決:珠海(hai)(hai)、上海(hai)(hai)房(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)歸曹某(mou)所(suo)有,曹某(mou)補償珠海(hai)(hai)房(fang)(fang)產(chan)(chan)價值一半款項給(gei)田某(mou)。

    　　三、典型意義

    　　本案為涉澳夫(fu)妻(qi)離婚(hun)后財(cai)產(chan)(chan)糾紛,根(gen)據雙方結婚(hun)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇(ze),應適用(yong)《澳門民(min)法(fa)(fa)典(dian)》作(zuo)為準據法(fa)(fa)。《澳門民(min)法(fa)(fa)典(dian)》關(guan)(guan)于夫(fu)妻(qi)共同(tong)(tong)財(cai)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)認(ren)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding),在規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)一(yi)般(ban)共同(tong)(tong)財(cai)產(chan)(chan)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)時,還作(zuo)出“贈(zeng)與給夫(fu)妻(qi)一(yi)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)財(cai)產(chan)(chan)不(bu)屬夫(fu)妻(qi)共同(tong)(tong)財(cai)產(chan)(chan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)排除規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)。檢察機關(guan)(guan)通(tong)過(guo)調查(cha)核實(shi)(shi),查(cha)明上海(hai)房(fang)產(chan)(chan)來源(yuan)自曹某父母(mu)、購買公(gong)房(fang)時田某出具《委托書》及上海(hai)市政府房(fang)改政策等重(zhong)要事實(shi)(shi)。從(cong)該房(fang)產(chan)(chan)購買來源(yuan)、協議簽訂主(zhu)體、買賣(mai)公(gong)有(you)住房(fang)行為發生地、支付對價及登記權利(li)人取得過(guo)程(cheng),足以認(ren)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)上海(hai)房(fang)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)贈(zeng)與不(bu)是(shi)以通(tong)常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)贈(zeng)與協議方式完成(cheng),而(er)是(shi)以購買公(gong)有(you)住房(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)手續、程(cheng)序完成(cheng)。相(xiang)關(guan)(guan)協議中雖然沒有(you)“贈(zeng)與”的(de)(de)(de)(de)表述,但(dan)實(shi)(shi)質(zhi)是(shi)贈(zeng)與性質(zhi)。本案應屬于《澳門民(min)法(fa)(fa)典(dian)》規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)夫(fu)妻(qi)共同(tong)(tong)財(cai)產(chan)(chan)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)例外情(qing)形(xing),不(bu)應認(ren)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)為夫(fu)妻(qi)共同(tong)(tong)財(cai)產(chan)(chan),不(bu)應予以分割。

    　　

    案例十 鄭某安與某物業發展公司商品房買賣合同糾紛

    再審檢察建議案

    　　一、基本案情

    　　2004年(nian)3月13日(ri),鄭某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)與某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)訂立《商(shang)(shang)品房(fang)買(mai)賣合同》,約定購(gou)買(mai)商(shang)(shang)業(ye)用房(fang),面積251.77平方(fang)米(mi)(mi),單價(jia)2萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)/平方(fang)米(mi)(mi),總價(jia)503.54萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)。合同還約定了交(jiao)房(fang)日(ri)期、雙方(fang)違約責任等條款(kuan)。鄭某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)付(fu)(fu)清首付(fu)(fu)款(kuan)201.44萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan),余款(kuan)302.1萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)銀行按揭貸款(kuan)的(de)方(fang)式支付(fu)(fu)。2005年(nian)6月,某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)將(jiang)案涉商(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)交(jiao)付(fu)(fu)鄭某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)使用,后鄭某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)將(jiang)房(fang)屋(wu)出(chu)租(zu)。鄭某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)稱因某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)未(wei)提供(gong)相關資料,導致案涉商(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)至今未(wei)辦理(li)過(guo)戶(hu)手續。2012年(nian)1月16日(ri),某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)與某(mou)(mou)(mou)百(bai)貨(huo)(huo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)訂立《商(shang)(shang)品房(fang)買(mai)賣合同》,將(jiang)包(bao)括鄭某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)已購(gou)商(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)在內的(de)一層46-67號(hao)商(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)2089.09平方(fang)米(mi)(mi),以(yi)單價(jia)0.9萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)/平方(fang)米(mi)(mi),總價(jia)1880.181萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan),出(chu)售給某(mou)(mou)(mou)百(bai)貨(huo)(huo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)。2012年(nian)1月20日(ri),雙方(fang)辦理(li)房(fang)屋(wu)產(chan)權過(guo)戶(hu)手續。某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)向某(mou)(mou)(mou)百(bai)貨(huo)(huo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)依約交(jiao)接一層46-67號(hao)商(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)期間,某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)與鄭某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)就商(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)回購(gou)問題(ti)協商(shang)(shang)未(wei)果。

    　　2013年2月28日(ri),鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)將某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)訴至青(qing)海省高級(ji)人民法(fa)院(yuan),請求判令:解(jie)除(chu)雙方簽訂(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)《商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)房(fang)(fang)(fang)買賣(mai)(mai)合(he)同》,返(fan)還已(yi)(yi)付購(gou)(gou)(gou)房(fang)(fang)(fang)款(kuan)503.54萬元,并承擔(dan)(dan)已(yi)(yi)付購(gou)(gou)(gou)房(fang)(fang)(fang)款(kuan)一倍的(de)(de)(de)(de)賠(pei)(pei)償(chang)及房(fang)(fang)(fang)屋漲價(jia)(jia)損失。一審(shen)法(fa)院(yuan)委托評(ping)估,鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)已(yi)(yi)購(gou)(gou)(gou)商(shang)(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)以(yi)2012年1月20日(ri)作(zuo)為(wei)基準日(ri)的(de)(de)(de)(de)市場(chang)價(jia)(jia)格為(wei):單價(jia)(jia)6.5731萬元/平方米,總價(jia)(jia)為(wei)1654.91萬元。一審(shen)法(fa)院(yuan)認定,某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)于2012年1月20日(ri)向某(mou)(mou)(mou)百貨公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)辦(ban)理案涉商(shang)(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)過戶手(shou)續,導致鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)與(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)簽訂(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)《商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)房(fang)(fang)(fang)買賣(mai)(mai)合(he)同》無法(fa)繼(ji)續履(lv)行,構(gou)成(cheng)違約(yue)(yue)。因違約(yue)(yue)給鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)損失,應(ying)(ying)以(yi)合(he)同正(zheng)常履(lv)行后可獲(huo)得(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)益為(wei)限,某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)應(ying)(ying)按此(ci)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)案涉商(shang)(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)市場(chang)價(jia)(jia)與(yu)購(gou)(gou)(gou)買價(jia)(jia)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)差(cha)價(jia)(jia)1151.37萬元,向鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)賠(pei)(pei)償(chang)。鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)主張的(de)(de)(de)(de)按揭貸款(kuan)利(li)(li)息為(wei)合(he)同正(zheng)常履(lv)行后為(wei)獲(huo)得(de)利(li)(li)益所支(zhi)出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)必要成(cheng)本,其應(ying)(ying)獲(huo)得(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)(li)益在差(cha)價(jia)(jia)部(bu)分已(yi)(yi)得(de)到補償(chang)。某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)在向某(mou)(mou)(mou)百貨公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)交付商(shang)(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)產權(quan)時(shi),曾就案涉商(shang)(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)問題與(yu)鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)協商(shang)(shang)(shang)過,并且某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)(ye)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)以(yi)同樣(yang)方式回(hui)購(gou)(gou)(gou)了其他商(shang)(shang)(shang)鋪(pu),因此(ci)某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)實施的(de)(de)(de)(de)行為(wei)有別于“一房(fang)(fang)(fang)二賣(mai)(mai)”中出(chu)賣(mai)(mai)人存在欺詐或惡意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情形,鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)請求某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)承擔(dan)(dan)已(yi)(yi)付購(gou)(gou)(gou)房(fang)(fang)(fang)款(kuan)一倍503.54萬元的(de)(de)(de)(de)賠(pei)(pei)償(chang)責任,不予(yu)支(zhi)持。據(ju)此(ci),一審(shen)判決:解(jie)除(chu)《商(shang)(shang)(shang)品(pin)房(fang)(fang)(fang)買賣(mai)(mai)合(he)同》,某(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)向鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)返(fan)還已(yi)(yi)付購(gou)(gou)(gou)房(fang)(fang)(fang)款(kuan)503.54萬元、賠(pei)(pei)償(chang)商(shang)(shang)(shang)鋪(pu)差(cha)價(jia)(jia)損失1151.37萬元。

    　　鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)、某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)均(jun)不服(fu)一(yi)(yi)審(shen)判決(jue),向最(zui)高人(ren)(ren)民(min)法(fa)院提出(chu)(chu)上訴。二審(shen)法(fa)院認定(ding),某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)與鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)訂立《商品房(fang)買(mai)賣合同(tong)(tong)》時,《最(zui)高人(ren)(ren)民(min)法(fa)院關于審(shen)理(li)商品房(fang)買(mai)賣合同(tong)(tong)糾紛案(an)件適用(yong)法(fa)律若(ruo)干問題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)解釋(shi)》已經實(shi)施(shi)。因此(ci),某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)應(ying)當(dang)預(yu)見(jian)到如(ru)其(qi)違反合同(tong)(tong)約定(ding),根(gen)據(ju)該司(si)(si)法(fa)解釋(shi)第(di)八條規(gui)定(ding),可能(neng)承擔(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)違約責任,除(chu)對(dui)方(fang)當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)所遭(zao)受直接損(sun)失外,還(huan)可能(neng)包括已付購(gou)房(fang)款(kuan)一(yi)(yi)倍(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)賠(pei)償(chang)。綜合本(ben)案(an)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)實(shi)際占有案(an)涉(she)商鋪(pu)并出(chu)(chu)租獲益(yi)(yi)6年多,以及某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)將案(an)涉(she)商鋪(pu)轉售他人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)背景、原(yuan)因、交易價格等因素(su),一(yi)(yi)審(shen)判決(jue)以合同(tong)(tong)無(wu)法(fa)繼(ji)續履行時點的(de)(de)(de)(de)市場(chang)價與鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)購(gou)買(mai)價之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)差(cha)額作為(wei)可得利益(yi)(yi)損(sun)失,判令某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)賠(pei)償(chang)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)1151.37萬(wan)元(yuan),導致雙(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)之間利益(yi)(yi)失衡(heng),超出(chu)(chu)當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)對(dui)違反合同(tong)(tong)可能(neng)造成損(sun)失的(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)期。根(gen)據(ju)《中華人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)和國合同(tong)(tong)法(fa)》第(di)一(yi)(yi)百一(yi)(yi)十三條第(di)一(yi)(yi)款(kuan)規(gui)定(ding)精神,為(wei)了更好平衡(heng)雙(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)利益(yi)(yi),酌定(ding)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)賠(pei)償(chang)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)可得利益(yi)(yi)損(sun)失503.54萬(wan)元(yuan)。據(ju)此(ci),二審(shen)判決(jue):解除(chu)《商品房(fang)買(mai)賣合同(tong)(tong)》,某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)公(gong)司(si)(si)向鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)(an)返還(huan)已付購(gou)房(fang)款(kuan)503.54萬(wan)元(yuan)、賠(pei)償(chang)商鋪(pu)差(cha)價損(sun)失503.54萬(wan)元(yuan)。

    　　二、監督與再審情況

    　　鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)不服(fu)二(er)(er)審(shen)(shen)(shen)判(pan)決(jue),向最(zui)高(gao)人(ren)(ren)民(min)法院(yuan)申請(qing)再(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)被駁(bo)回,其(qi)(qi)(qi)后向最(zui)高(gao)人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)申請(qing)監督(du)。最(zui)高(gao)人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)認為,第(di)(di)一,關(guan)于(yu)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)主張(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)差價(jia)(jia)損(sun)(sun)(sun)失(shi)1151.37萬元(yuan)是(shi)否(fou)屬(shu)于(yu)可(ke)得利(li)益(yi)損(sun)(sun)(sun)失(shi)及應(ying)否(fou)賠償(chang)(chang)(chang)問(wen)題。鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)依(yi)約(yue)(yue)(yue)支付購房(fang)(fang)款,其(qi)(qi)(qi)主要合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)義務(wu)履行完(wan)畢,某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)亦已將(jiang)案(an)(an)涉(she)(she)商(shang)(shang)鋪交付鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)。因不可(ke)歸責(ze)于(yu)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)原(yuan)因,案(an)(an)涉(she)(she)商(shang)(shang)鋪未(wei)辦(ban)(ban)理產(chan)權過(guo)(guo)戶手續。其(qi)(qi)(qi)后,某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)再(zai)次(ci)出(chu)(chu)售案(an)(an)涉(she)(she)商(shang)(shang)鋪給(gei)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)百貨公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)并(bing)辦(ban)(ban)理過(guo)(guo)戶,構成(cheng)(cheng)違約(yue)(yue)(yue),應(ying)當(dang)(dang)承擔違約(yue)(yue)(yue)責(ze)任。依(yi)照(zhao)《中華人(ren)(ren)民(min)共(gong)和國合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)法》規(gui)定,違約(yue)(yue)(yue)損(sun)(sun)(sun)失(shi)賠償(chang)(chang)(chang)額相當(dang)(dang)于(yu)因違約(yue)(yue)(yue)所造成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)失(shi),包括合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)履行后可(ke)以獲得的(de)(de)(de)利(li)益(yi),但不得超過(guo)(guo)違反合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)一方(fang)訂立(li)(li)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)時預(yu)見到或者應(ying)當(dang)(dang)預(yu)見到的(de)(de)(de)因違反合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)可(ke)能造成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)失(shi)。某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)作(zuo)(zuo)為從事(shi)(shi)(shi)房(fang)(fang)地產(chan)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)專業企業,訂立(li)(li)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)時應(ying)預(yu)見到,若違反合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)約(yue)(yue)(yue)定,將(jiang)承擔包括差價(jia)(jia)損(sun)(sun)(sun)失(shi)賠償(chang)(chang)(chang)在內的(de)(de)(de)違約(yue)(yue)(yue)責(ze)任。某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)再(zai)次(ci)出(chu)(chu)售案(an)(an)涉(she)(she)商(shang)(shang)鋪時,對(dui)案(an)(an)涉(she)(she)商(shang)(shang)鋪市(shi)價(jia)(jia)應(ying)當(dang)(dang)知悉,對(dui)因此給(gei)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)造成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)差價(jia)(jia)損(sun)(sun)(sun)失(shi)也是(shi)明知的(de)(de)(de)。因此,案(an)(an)涉(she)(she)房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)差價(jia)(jia)損(sun)(sun)(sun)失(shi)1151.37萬元(yuan)屬(shu)于(yu)可(ke)得利(li)益(yi)損(sun)(sun)(sun)失(shi),某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)應(ying)予賠償(chang)(chang)(chang)。第(di)(di)二(er)(er),關(guan)于(yu)生效判(pan)決(jue)酌定某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)賠償(chang)(chang)(chang)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)可(ke)得利(li)益(yi)損(sun)(sun)(sun)失(shi)503.54萬元(yuan)是(shi)否(fou)屬(shu)于(yu)適(shi)用法律確有(you)錯誤問(wen)題。某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)擅自再(zai)次(ci)出(chu)(chu)售案(an)(an)涉(she)(she)商(shang)(shang)鋪,主觀惡(e)意(yi)明顯,具有(you)過(guo)(guo)錯,應(ying)受到法律否(fou)定性評(ping)價(jia)(jia)。鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)出(chu)(chu)租商(shang)(shang)鋪收取租金,是(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)為房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)合(he)(he)法占有(you)人(ren)(ren)所享(xiang)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)權利(li),不應(ying)作(zuo)(zuo)為減輕某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)民(min)事(shi)(shi)(shi)賠償(chang)(chang)(chang)責(ze)任的(de)(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)依(yi)據。案(an)(an)涉(she)(she)商(shang)(shang)鋪第(di)(di)二(er)(er)次(ci)出(chu)(chu)售價(jia)(jia)格雖僅為0.9萬元(yuan)/平方(fang)米,但鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)安(an)所購商(shang)(shang)鋪的(de)(de)(de)評(ping)估(gu)價(jia)(jia)格為6.5731萬元(yuan)/平方(fang)米,某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)作(zuo)(zuo)為某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)百貨公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)發(fa)(fa)(fa)起人(ren)(ren),將(jiang)案(an)(an)涉(she)(she)商(shang)(shang)鋪以較低(di)價(jia)(jia)格出(chu)(chu)售給(gei)關(guan)聯(lian)企業某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)百貨公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si),雙方(fang)存在利(li)害關(guan)系,故案(an)(an)涉(she)(she)商(shang)(shang)鋪的(de)(de)(de)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)次(ci)出(chu)(chu)售價(jia)(jia)格不應(ying)作(zuo)(zuo)為減輕某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)物(wu)(wu)業發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)民(min)事(shi)(shi)(shi)賠償(chang)(chang)(chang)責(ze)任的(de)(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)依(yi)據。綜上,生效判(pan)決(jue)適(shi)用法律確有(you)錯誤,且有(you)失(shi)公(gong)(gong)平。2019年1月21日,最(zui)高(gao)人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)提出(chu)(chu)再(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)檢(jian)察(cha)建議。

    　　最(zui)高人民(min)法(fa)院收到再(zai)審(shen)檢察建(jian)議(yi)后,于2020年3月31日作(zuo)出(chu)(chu)民(min)事裁定,再(zai)審(shen)本案。再(zai)審(shen)中(zhong),在法(fa)庭主持下,鄭某安與(yu)某物業(ye)發(fa)展公(gong)司達成調(diao)(diao)解(jie)協議(yi),最(zui)高人民(min)法(fa)院出(chu)(chu)具民(min)事調(diao)(diao)解(jie)書(shu),對調(diao)(diao)解(jie)協議(yi)依法(fa)予以確認。

    　　三、典型意義

    　　根(gen)據(ju)《中(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)(ren)民共(gong)和(he)國合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)法》第(di)一(yi)百一(yi)十三條規定(ding),當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)一(yi)方(fang)(fang)不履(lv)(lv)行合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)義(yi)務(wu)(wu)或者履(lv)(lv)行合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)義(yi)務(wu)(wu)不符合(he)(he)約定(ding),給對方(fang)(fang)造成(cheng)損(sun)失(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de),損(sun)失(shi)(shi)(shi)數額(e)應當(dang)(dang)相當(dang)(dang)于(yu)因(yin)違約所造成(cheng)的(de)損(sun)失(shi)(shi)(shi),包(bao)括合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)履(lv)(lv)行后(hou)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)獲得(de)(de)的(de)利(li)(li)(li)益。“一(yi)房(fang)(fang)二賣”糾紛中(zhong),出賣人(ren)(ren)先后(hou)與不同(tong)(tong)買受人(ren)(ren)訂立(li)房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)(wu)買賣合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong),后(hou)買受人(ren)(ren)辦理房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)(wu)產權(quan)過戶登記手續的(de),前(qian)買受人(ren)(ren)基于(yu)房(fang)(fang)價(jia)上漲產生的(de)房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)(wu)差(cha)價(jia)損(sun)失(shi)(shi)(shi),屬于(yu)可(ke)(ke)得(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)益損(sun)失(shi)(shi)(shi),可(ke)(ke)以(yi)依(yi)法主張(zhang)賠償。同(tong)(tong)時,在(zai)計算和(he)認定(ding)可(ke)(ke)得(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)益損(sun)失(shi)(shi)(shi)時,應當(dang)(dang)綜(zong)合(he)(he)考慮可(ke)(ke)預(yu)見(jian)規則(ze)、減(jian)損(sun)規則(ze)、損(sun)益相抵規則(ze)等因(yin)素(su),合(he)(he)理確定(ding)可(ke)(ke)得(de)(de)利(li)(li)(li)益損(sun)失(shi)(shi)(shi)數額(e)。本案(an)系通過再審檢(jian)察建議(yi)的(de)方(fang)(fang)式開展監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du),法院采納監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)意(yi)見(jian)進行再審后(hou),依(yi)法促(cu)成(cheng)雙方(fang)(fang)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)達成(cheng)調解協議(yi),實(shi)現案(an)結事(shi)了(le)人(ren)(ren)和(he)。在(zai)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)實(shi)務(wu)(wu)中(zhong),檢(jian)察機關應當(dang)(dang)根(gen)據(ju)案(an)件實(shi)際情況(kuang),合(he)(he)理選擇抗訴或再審檢(jian)察建議(yi)的(de)方(fang)(fang)式開展監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du),實(shi)現雙贏多贏共(gong)贏。


    日期：2023-11-30 9:05:42 | 關閉 |

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