cciia.org.cn 2024-3-26 16:21:04 財(cai)政部(bu)網站
3月26日，2024年中(zhong)央部門預算(suan)集中(zhong)向社會(hui)公開。就此，財政部有關負責(ze)人回(hui)答了記者的(de)提問。
一、近年來我國預算公開總體進展如何？
答：預(yu)算公開是深化(hua)(hua)財稅(shui)體制改革、健(jian)全現代預(yu)算制度的(de)重要內容，是強化(hua)(hua)預(yu)算管(guan)理、優化(hua)(hua)資源配置、硬化(hua)(hua)預(yu)算約(yue)束、加強財會(hui)監(jian)督的(de)重要舉措，是保障(zhang)公眾知情(qing)權(quan)、強化(hua)(hua)外部監(jian)督的(de)機制性安排，對推動實(shi)現國(guo)家治理體系和(he)治理能力(li)現代化(hua)(hua)具有重要意義。
黨中央、國務院(yuan)歷來高度(du)(du)重視(shi)預算(suan)公開工作。黨的(de)十九大提出“建立(li)全(quan)面規范(fan)透(tou)明、標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)科學、約(yue)束有力的(de)預算(suan)制(zhi)度(du)(du)”。黨的(de)十九屆四中全(quan)會要(yao)求(qiu)“完善標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)科學、規范(fan)透(tou)明、約(yue)束有力的(de)預算(suan)制(zhi)度(du)(du)”。《國務院(yuan)關于進(jin)一(yi)步深(shen)化(hua)預算(suan)管理制(zhi)度(du)(du)改革(ge)的(de)意(yi)見》（國發(fa)〔2021〕5號）明確“增(zeng)強財政透(tou)明度(du)(du)”。黨的(de)二十大進(jin)一(yi)步提出“健全(quan)現代(dai)預算(suan)制(zhi)度(du)(du)”。
近年(nian)來(lai)，財政(zheng)部認真貫徹落實黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)、國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)決策(ce)部署，持續(xu)推動(dong)我(wo)國(guo)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)取得新進展。一(yi)方面，不斷加強頂層設計(ji)，完善(shan)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)制(zhi)(zhi)度框架。通(tong)(tong)過推動(dong)修訂預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)法及其實施條例，報請國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)印發關于深化(hua)(hua)(hua)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)理制(zhi)(zhi)度改(gai)(gai)革的決定、關于進一(yi)步深化(hua)(hua)(hua)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)管(guan)理制(zhi)(zhi)度改(gai)(gai)革的意(yi)見，建立預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)的基本制(zhi)(zhi)度。報請中(zhong)(zhong)辦、國(guo)辦印發關于進一(yi)步推進預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)工作(zuo)(zuo)的意(yi)見，明確預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)主要任務(wu)、具(ju)體要求等(deng)。另一(yi)方面，持續(xu)加大工作(zuo)(zuo)力(li)度，有序推進預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)工作(zuo)(zuo)。通(tong)(tong)過細化(hua)(hua)(hua)要求、完善(shan)機制(zhi)(zhi)、加強考(kao)核等(deng)，組織做(zuo)好中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)，積(ji)極指(zhi)導督促地方做(zuo)好預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)，持續(xu)提升(sheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)的科學性、規范(fan)性和可獲(huo)得性。
在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)方(fang)(fang)面。一是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。2009年(nian)(nian)首(shou)次公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，包括中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)財政(zheng)(zheng)收(shou)入預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)表(biao)(biao)(biao)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)財政(zheng)(zheng)支出(chu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)表(biao)(biao)(biao)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)本級(ji)支出(chu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)表(biao)(biao)(biao)以(yi)及中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)對(dui)地方(fang)(fang)稅收(shou)返(fan)還(huan)和(he)轉移支付預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)表(biao)(biao)(biao)等4張表(biao)(biao)(biao)。2010年(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)范(fan)圍拓展(zhan)至(zhi)一般公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)共預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)、政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)性基(ji)金預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)國有資本經營預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)等12張表(biao)(biao)(biao)。2018年(nian)(nian)，進(jin)一步將(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)社會(hui)(hui)保險基(ji)金預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)納入公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)范(fan)圍。2019年(nian)(nian)，新增公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)42個(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)對(dui)地方(fang)(fang)轉移支付項目分(fen)地區(qu)情況表(biao)(biao)(biao)。2022年(nian)(nian)，進(jin)一步擴大公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)范(fan)圍，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)46個(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)對(dui)地方(fang)(fang)轉移支付項目分(fen)地區(qu)情況表(biao)(biao)(biao)。二是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。2008年(nian)(nian)，選擇科(ke)技部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)等11個(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)進(jin)行(xing)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)內部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)試點，將(jiang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)通過張貼(tie)、查閱(yue)等形式在(zai)(zai)單位(wei)內部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。2010年(nian)(nian)，印發指導意見，要求中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)落(luo)實預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)主(zhu)體責任，及時主(zhu)動公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)。當年(nian)(nian)共有78個(ge)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)。2011年(nian)(nian)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)增加到96個(ge)，并(bing)首(shou)次向(xiang)社會(hui)(hui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)“三公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”經費預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)。2013年(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)首(shou)次做到各(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)(zai)1天內公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)。從2017年(nian)(nian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始，將(jiang)各(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)在(zai)(zai)本部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)網(wang)站上公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)的部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，在(zai)(zai)財政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)戶(hu)網(wang)站設立(li)的“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)決(jue)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)平臺”上進(jin)行(xing)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)展(zhan)示。
在(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)面。一是省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月1日，《中(zhong)華人民(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)信息公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)條例》正式施(shi)行(xing)。自此，各(ge)(ge)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)開(kai)(kai)(kai)始按照條例規定主動(dong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)信息。目(mu)前(qian)，各(ge)(ge)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)都已(yi)(yi)主動(dong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)門(men)戶網站設立“省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)決算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)專(zhuan)欄”，將各(ge)(ge)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)平臺或專(zhuan)欄匯集在(zai)(zai)一起，以(yi)地(di)(di)圖鏈接的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)式集中(zhong)展示。二是省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)出臺《關于進一步推(tui)進財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)信息公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)的(de)(de)指導(dao)意見》，積(ji)極推(tui)進省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)，各(ge)(ge)省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)也加大組織(zhi)指導(dao)。目(mu)前(qian)，各(ge)(ge)省(sheng)均(jun)已(yi)(yi)向社會集中(zhong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)經省(sheng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)批(pi)復的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。三是省(sheng)以(yi)下預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。2013年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)印發《關于推(tui)進省(sheng)以(yi)下預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)決算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)工作的(de)(de)通知》，指導(dao)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)推(tui)動(dong)省(sheng)以(yi)下預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)決算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。目(mu)前(qian)，地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)均(jun)已(yi)(yi)經形(xing)(xing)成較為完(wan)善(shan)的(de)(de)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)機制(zhi)，每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)組織(zhi)向社會主動(dong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)各(ge)(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。四是財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)加強對地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)督(du)促指導(dao)。從2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)起，連續多年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)全國(guo)范圍開(kai)(kai)(kai)展地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)決算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)檢查。完(wan)善(shan)統計上(shang)報和(he)(he)考核機制(zhi)。每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)定期統計地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)、各(ge)(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)情況，并將統計結果納入對地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)財政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)有(you)關考核評價。目(mu)前(qian)，地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)和(he)(he)各(ge)(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)基(ji)本實現“應公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)盡公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)”。據統計，地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)各(ge)(ge)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)2023年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)決算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)率均(jun)為100%，省(sheng)、市、縣級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)2023年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)和(he)(he)2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)決算(suan)(suan)(suan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)率均(jun)達到99%以(yi)上(shang)。
二、請介紹一下2024年中央預算公開的基本情況。
答：2024年(nian)是中華人(ren)民共(gong)和國(guo)成立75周年(nian)，是實施(shi)“十(shi)四(si)五”規劃目標(biao)任務的關鍵一(yi)年(nian)，做好(hao)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算公(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)工(gong)作意義重大，我們繼續堅持以公(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)為常態、不公(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)為例外，依法依規認真組織開(kai)(kai)(kai)展預(yu)(yu)(yu)算公(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。2024年(nian)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)的中央(yang)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算包括經十(shi)四(si)屆(jie)全國(guo)人(ren)大二(er)次(ci)會(hui)議批準(zhun)的中央(yang)政(zheng)(zheng)府預(yu)(yu)(yu)算和中央(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算。中央(yang)政(zheng)(zheng)府預(yu)(yu)(yu)算由財政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。中央(yang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)預(yu)(yu)(yu)算經財政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)批復后，由各部(bu)(bu)(bu)門(men)向社會(hui)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)。
中央(yang)政(zheng)府(fu)預(yu)算公(gong)開內(nei)容涵蓋(gai)中央(yang)四(si)本預(yu)算情況(kuang)(kuang)、中央(yang)對地(di)方轉(zhuan)移支付(fu)分(fen)(fen)地(di)區預(yu)算情況(kuang)(kuang)和(he)有關說明(ming)(ming)。具體包括：一是(shi)中央(yang)一般公(gong)共預(yu)算、政(zheng)府(fu)性(xing)基金(jin)預(yu)算、國有資本經營預(yu)算收支情況(kuang)(kuang)及(ji)其(qi)變動說明(ming)(ming)；二是(shi)中央(yang)社會(hui)保險基金(jin)收、支、余情況(kuang)(kuang)；三是(shi)政(zheng)府(fu)債務余額限額情況(kuang)(kuang)；四(si)是(shi)47個轉(zhuan)移支付(fu)項目分(fen)(fen)地(di)區情況(kuang)(kuang)及(ji)其(qi)說明(ming)(ming)。
中央部門(men)預(yu)算(suan)公(gong)開內容涵蓋部門(men)總(zong)體(ti)收(shou)支(zhi)預(yu)算(suan)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)、財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)撥款(kuan)(kuan)收(shou)支(zhi)預(yu)算(suan)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)以及重點事項說明(ming)等(deng)(deng)。具(ju)體(ti)包括：一是部門(men)收(shou)支(zhi)總(zong)表(biao)(biao)、部門(men)收(shou)入總(zong)表(biao)(biao)、部門(men)支(zhi)出(chu)總(zong)表(biao)(biao)、財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)撥款(kuan)(kuan)收(shou)支(zhi)總(zong)表(biao)(biao)、一般公(gong)共預(yu)算(suan)支(zhi)出(chu)表(biao)(biao)、一般公(gong)共預(yu)算(suan)基本(ben)支(zhi)出(chu)表(biao)(biao)、政(zheng)(zheng)府性基金(jin)預(yu)算(suan)支(zhi)出(chu)表(biao)(biao)、國(guo)有(you)資(zi)本(ben)經營(ying)預(yu)算(suan)支(zhi)出(chu)表(biao)(biao)、財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)撥款(kuan)(kuan)預(yu)算(suan)“三公(gong)”經費(fei)支(zhi)出(chu)表(biao)(biao)等(deng)(deng)9張報(bao)表(biao)(biao)。二是對預(yu)算(suan)收(shou)支(zhi)增(zeng)減變化(hua)、機關運行經費(fei)安排(pai)、“三公(gong)”經費(fei)、政(zheng)(zheng)府采購(gou)、國(guo)有(you)資(zi)產占用、預(yu)算(suan)績效管理、提交全(quan)國(guo)人大審議的項目等(deng)(deng)情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)予以說明(ming)，并對專業(ye)性較強(qiang)的名詞(ci)進(jin)行解釋。
此外，為使公眾(zhong)找得(de)到、看得(de)懂(dong)、能監督，各部(bu)門的部(bu)門預算除在本部(bu)門網站公開(kai)外，繼(ji)續在財政部(bu)門戶網站設立的“中(zhong)央預決算公開(kai)平臺”集中(zhong)公開(kai)，方便人民(min)群眾(zhong)監督政府財政工作。
三、請介紹一下2024年中央本級預算安排貫徹落實習慣過緊日子要求情況。
答(da)：2023年中央經濟工作(zuo)會議(yi)提出(chu)，黨政(zheng)(zheng)機(ji)關要(yao)習(xi)慣(guan)過(guo)緊(jin)(jin)日子，2024年政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)工作(zuo)報告(gao)強調各級(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)要(yao)習(xi)慣(guan)過(guo)緊(jin)(jin)日子。財政(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)堅決貫徹黨中央國務(wu)院決策部(bu)(bu)署，堅持將習(xi)慣(guan)過(guo)緊(jin)(jin)日子作(zuo)為預(yu)算(suan)管(guan)理的指導方(fang)針(zhen)，認(ren)真抓好做好貫徹落實。
首先，集中(zhong)財(cai)力(li)保障國(guo)家重大(da)(da)戰略(lve)任務。做到“大(da)(da)錢(qian)大(da)(da)方，小錢(qian)小氣”。2024年中(zhong)央本級一般公共(gong)預算支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)增長(chang)8.6%，扣除重點(dian)保障支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)后僅增長(chang)0.3%，其中(zhong)重點(dian)保障國(guo)防武警(jing)支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)、科技教育支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)、中(zhong)央儲備支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)、國(guo)債發(fa)行(xing)付息(xi)支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)等支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)項目。同時嚴控一般性支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)，盡可能(neng)壓縮中(zhong)央部門支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)，大(da)(da)力(li)推動(dong)各部門調整(zheng)優化支(zhi)出(chu)(chu)結構，將資金用(yong)在刀刃上(shang)。
其次，做(zuo)好部(bu)門(men)履職經費(fei)(fei)(fei)保(bao)障(zhang)。堅持(chi)有壓(ya)有保(bao)，積極(ji)支(zhi)持(chi)各部(bu)門(men)履職盡責，把該壓(ya)的堅決壓(ya)下來，把該保(bao)的保(bao)障(zhang)到位，提(ti)高(gao)預算精(jing)準(zhun)性。對于(yu)中(zhong)央單(dan)位人(ren)員工資等(deng)支(zhi)出，按照(zhao)定員定額管理的要求(qiu)，嚴格按照(zhao)工資政策(ce)和人(ren)數安排；對于(yu)必需(xu)的水(shui)電、物業、采暖等(deng)費(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)，制定完善公用(yong)經費(fei)(fei)(fei)實物定額標準(zhun)，確(que)保(bao)相關支(zhi)出處于(yu)合(he)理區(qu)間(jian)。
再次，強化預(yu)算(suan)約(yue)束防止鋪(pu)張浪費。推動中央(yang)部(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)精簡不(bu)必要的節慶、論壇和展會，更加節約(yue)高效地舉(ju)辦會議(yi)、開(kai)展培訓(xun)和調研(yan)。從緊從嚴(yan)安(an)排(pai)“三公”經費預(yu)算(suan)，實事求是保障合理需求。按季評估中央(yang)部(bu)(bu)門(men)(men)過緊日子情(qing)況，將(jiang)評估結果與預(yu)算(suan)安(an)排(pai)掛鉤。積(ji)極盤活(huo)存(cun)量(liang)資產(chan)，加強資產(chan)運行維護，推進資產(chan)共(gong)享共(gong)用，對單(dan)位新增資產(chan)配置加強管理，防止資產(chan)閑置浪費。嚴(yan)格執行會議(yi)差旅等費用開(kai)支(zhi)標準，努力降低行政運行成本。嚴(yan)控樓堂館所建設。
下一步(bu)，財(cai)政(zheng)部(bu)將按照黨中央、國務院部(bu)署，始終嚴(yan)把支出關口，繼續加強“三公”經費預(yu)算(suan)管理，督(du)促中央部(bu)門和(he)地方財(cai)政(zheng)履行主(zhu)體責任(ren)，強化預(yu)算(suan)約束，嚴(yan)肅(su)財(cai)經紀律，進一步(bu)落(luo)實好黨政(zheng)機關習慣過(guo)緊日子的要求。
答：績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)管理是(shi)全過(guo)程預算績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)管理的重要環節，推動(dong)績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)公開是(shi)增強預算可讀性的重要舉措(cuo)。近年來，財政(zheng)部高(gao)度(du)重視(shi)績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)管理工(gong)作，指導(dao)督促中央部門科(ke)學合(he)理設定(ding)績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)，嚴格績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)審核，做好績(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)公開。
一(yi)是完(wan)善績(ji)效目(mu)標(biao)管(guan)理(li)制度。制定(ding)(ding)印(yin)發《中央(yang)部門(men)(men)預算績(ji)效目(mu)標(biao)管(guan)理(li)辦(ban)法(fa)》、《中央(yang)部門(men)(men)項目(mu)支(zhi)出(chu)核心(xin)績(ji)效目(mu)標(biao)和指標(biao)設置及取(qu)值指引（試(shi)行）》等制度辦(ban)法(fa)，明確績(ji)效目(mu)標(biao)設定(ding)(ding)思(si)路和原則(ze)，規范指標(biao)類型、設定(ding)(ding)要求(qiu)、設定(ding)(ding)方法(fa)等。
二是指導中央部門科學設定(ding)績(ji)效目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)。通過(guo)培訓等多(duo)種方式，指導督(du)促中央部門落實績(ji)效目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)管理(li)要(yao)求(qiu)，提(ti)高(gao)績(ji)效目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)設定(ding)質量，使績(ji)效目(mu)(mu)(mu)標(biao)(biao)能夠涵蓋政策與(yu)支出(chu)的主體內容，體現項目(mu)(mu)(mu)主要(yao)產(chan)出(chu)和核心效果，與(yu)預算金(jin)額相匹配(pei)。
三是加大績效(xiao)目標(biao)(biao)審(shen)(shen)核力度(du)。將(jiang)績效(xiao)目標(biao)(biao)審(shen)(shen)核嵌入中央部門(men)預算(suan)編制(zhi)流程，在(zai)審(shen)(shen)核績效(xiao)目標(biao)(biao)形式完整性(xing)的同時，強化對內容(rong)相關性(xing)、適當(dang)性(xing)、可行性(xing)的審(shen)(shen)核，組織(zhi)專家開展績效(xiao)目標(biao)(biao)重點審(shen)(shen)核，將(jiang)審(shen)(shen)核結果作為(wei)預算(suan)安(an)排的重要參考。
四(si)是做好績效目(mu)標公開(kai)工作。自2017年(nian)(nian)起，持續推進績效目(mu)標公開(kai)工作。今年(nian)(nian)要(yao)求公開(kai)部門預(yu)算(suan)(suan)的(de)中央部門，原則上(shang)應將一般公共預(yu)算(suan)(suan)一級項目(mu)、政(zheng)府性基金預(yu)算(suan)(suan)項目(mu)、國有(you)資本(ben)經營預(yu)算(suan)(suan)項目(mu)績效目(mu)標表按照不低于項目(mu)數量(liang)60%的(de)比例向(xiang)社會公開(kai)。
下一步(bu)，財(cai)政部將繼續扎(zha)實做好(hao)績(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)管理工(gong)作(zuo)，夯(hang)實部門和單(dan)位主體責任，強化績(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)審核，推進績(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)向社會公開，促進績(ji)(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)目(mu)標(biao)(biao)質量進一步(bu)提升(sheng)。
日期：2024-3-26 16:21:04 | 關閉 |
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