正義網北京9月6日電(檢(jian)察日報記者于瀟(xiao))近(jin)日,最(zui)高(gao)人民(min)(min)檢(jian)察院印(yin)發檢(jian)察機(ji)關民(min)(min)事(shi)支(zhi)持起訴典(dian)型(xing)案例(li)。最(zui)高(gao)檢(jian)民(min)(min)事(shi)檢(jian)察廳(ting)負責人表示(shi),要(yao)貫徹落實“檢(jian)護民(min)(min)生”專項(xiang)行動(dong)推進(jin)會的要(yao)求(qiu),找準民(min)(min)事(shi)檢(jian)察履職(zhi)的發力點和突(tu)破口,以(yi)印(yin)發典(dian)型(xing)案例(li)為(wei)契(qi)機(ji),對標“高(gao)質效辦好每一(yi)個案件”的檢(jian)察工(gong)作理念(nian),進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)推動(dong)檢(jian)察機(ji)關民(min)(min)事(shi)支(zhi)持起訴工(gong)作規范發展(zhan),扎實解(jie)決(jue)人民(min)(min)群眾“急難愁盼”問題。
此次共(gong)發布7起(qi)典型案(an)例,分別(bie)為湖北省(sheng)鄂(e)(e)州市華(hua)容區(qu)(qu)檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)辦理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)王某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)軍等42人與(yu)鄂(e)(e)州某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)建材有(you)限公司(si)追索勞動(dong)報(bao)酬糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)支持起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)案(an),河南省(sheng)林(lin)州市檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)辦理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)尹某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)鳳等4人與(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)科技股份有(you)限公司(si)勞務合同糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)支持起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)案(an),浙(zhe)江(jiang)省(sheng)慈(ci)溪(xi)市檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)辦理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)張某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)金與(yu)慈(ci)溪(xi)市某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)門窗廠工(gong)傷保(bao)險待遇(yu)糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)支持起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)案(an),內(nei)蒙(meng)古(gu)(gu)自治區(qu)(qu)伊金霍洛(luo)旗(qi)檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)辦理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)霞申請人身安全保(bao)護令支持起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)案(an),四川(chuan)省(sheng)成都市雙流區(qu)(qu)檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)辦理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)全與(yu)黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)鳳離婚(hun)糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)支持起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)案(an),廣(guang)東省(sheng)肇慶(qing)市廣(guang)寧縣(xian)檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)辦理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣與(yu)林(lin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)謙、林(lin)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)良贍養糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)支持起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)案(an),內(nei)蒙(meng)古(gu)(gu)自治區(qu)(qu)鄂(e)(e)爾多斯市東勝區(qu)(qu)檢(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)辦理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)劉某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)枝(zhi)與(yu)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)保(bao)險公司(si)等機動(dong)車交通(tong)事故責(ze)任糾(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)紛(fen)支持起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)案(an)。
據了解,近年來,檢察機關(guan)民事支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)起(qi)(qi)訴(su)辦案數量呈(cheng)持(chi)(chi)續增長態(tai)勢,僅2024年上半(ban)年,全(quan)國檢察機關(guan)已(yi)辦理支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)起(qi)(qi)訴(su)案件(jian)(jian)4.9萬件(jian)(jian),其中支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)農民工起(qi)(qi)訴(su)2.3萬件(jian)(jian)。檢察機關(guan)開展民事支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)(chi)起(qi)(qi)訴(su)工作及(ji)成效已(yi)得到(dao)社會廣泛認可。
該負責人(ren)表(biao)示,在以檢察工作(zuo)現代(dai)(dai)化服務中國式(shi)現代(dai)(dai)化的(de)進程中,要(yao)(yao)(yao)持(chi)續做好檢察機關民事支(zhi)持(chi)起訴工作(zuo),做實檢察為民。在工作(zuo)開(kai)展(zhan)中,要(yao)(yao)(yao)緊扣支(zhi)持(chi)定位(wei)、堅持(chi)必(bi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)原則、聚焦(jiao)特(te)定群(qun)體,規范開(kai)展(zhan)支(zhi)持(chi)起訴,使案件當事人(ren)依法享有訴權,有效行使訴權,努力讓人(ren)民群(qun)眾在每一個(ge)司法案件中感受(shou)到公平(ping)正義。
檢察機關民事支持起訴典型案例
案例一
王某軍等42人與鄂州某建材有限公司
追索勞動報酬糾紛支持起訴案
【基本案情】
2020年至2021年間,王某(mou)軍(jun)等(deng)42名(ming)農民工先(xian)后在(zai)鄂州某(mou)建(jian)材(cai)有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(以(yi)下簡稱建(jian)材(cai)公(gong)(gong)司(si))生產線從事(shi)叉車(che)、打包、鋪布等(deng)工作。建(jian)材(cai)公(gong)(gong)司(si)一直未支付王某(mou)軍(jun)等(deng)42人(ren)勞(lao)動報(bao)酬,合計欠付10萬余(yu)元。王某(mou)軍(jun)等(deng)42人(ren)向(xiang)建(jian)材(cai)公(gong)(gong)司(si)索(suo)要工資未果后,向(xiang)勞(lao)動監察部門求助亦未得到妥善處(chu)理。
【檢察機關履職過程】
受(shou)理情況。湖北(bei)省(sheng)鄂州市(shi)人社部門向(xiang)湖北(bei)省(sheng)鄂州市(shi)華容(rong)區人民檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)(以下簡稱華容(rong)區檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan))轉(zhuan)交本案線索。2023年1月,王某軍等42人向(xiang)華容(rong)區檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)申請支持起訴,請求檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關為其訴訟維權提供(gong)法律(lv)幫助。華容(rong)區檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)審查后予以受(shou)理。
審(shen)查過程。華(hua)容(rong)區檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)通過詢問(wen)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)、實地走訪建(jian)材(cai)公司、調(diao)取考勤單、發放(fang)工(gong)(gong)資記錄(lu)等證據材(cai)料,查明欠薪事(shi)實。為盡快(kuai)解(jie)決農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)問(wen)題,檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機關(guan)組織農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)代(dai)表(biao)、建(jian)材(cai)公司、區勞動(dong)監(jian)察(cha)(cha)大隊(dui)等有(you)關(guan)人員(yuan)召開聯席會(hui)。因臨(lin)近春節,被拖欠的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)資已有(you)一(yi)年(nian)之久,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)代(dai)表(biao)強烈要求企業(ye)在春節前給付(fu)(fu)工(gong)(gong)資。但(dan)企業(ye)表(biao)示,受市場影響,企業(ye)經(jing)營狀況較差,尚(shang)有(you)20余萬元的(de)(de)債權未(wei)能實現(xian),現(xian)企業(ye)經(jing)營處于“回(hui)暖”關(guan)鍵期,希望(wang)可以放(fang)寬給付(fu)(fu)期限。在檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機關(guan)積極引導下,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)代(dai)表(biao)表(biao)示理解(jie)企業(ye)難(nan)處,愿意協(xie)(xie)助做好未(wei)到場農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)思想工(gong)(gong)作。經(jing)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機關(guan)促成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),建(jian)材(cai)公司分別(bie)與42名(ming)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)達(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和解(jie)協(xie)(xie)議(yi)。之后,檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機關(guan)主持召開公開聽證會(hui),邀請人民(min)監(jian)督員(yuan)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)代(dai)表(biao)、建(jian)材(cai)公司有(you)關(guan)人員(yuan)參加。農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)代(dai)表(biao)提出,雖然雙方(fang)當事(shi)人已達(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和解(jie)協(xie)(xie)議(yi),但(dan)關(guan)于勞動(dong)報酬(chou)的(de)(de)具體支(zhi)付(fu)(fu)時間尚(shang)未(wei)達(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)致(zhi)意見,農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)希望(wang)和解(jie)協(xie)(xie)議(yi)轉(zhuan)化為有(you)強制(zhi)執行效力的(de)(de)調(diao)解(jie)書。
支持起訴意見(jian)。2023年2月20日(ri),華容(rong)(rong)區檢察院(yuan)向華容(rong)(rong)區法院(yuan)發出支持起訴意見(jian)書。檢察機關認為(wei)建(jian)材公司拖欠(qian)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)工(gong)資,侵犯王某軍(jun)等42人合(he)法權(quan)益,王某軍(jun)等42人提出的有(you)關給(gei)付勞動報酬的訴訟請(qing)求(qiu)依(yi)法應予支持。
處理結果。華(hua)(hua)容(rong)區(qu)檢察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)積極與華(hua)(hua)容(rong)區(qu)法院(yuan)(yuan)進行溝(gou)通,推動(dong)法院(yuan)(yuan)快(kuai)速辦理建(jian)(jian)材公(gong)司申請(qing)執行的(de)其他案(an)件,幫助企業(ye)盡(jin)快(kuai)實現債權(quan)。在法檢共同推動(dong)下,以此前的(de)和(he)解協議為基礎,王某軍等(deng)42人與建(jian)(jian)材公(gong)司達成(cheng)調(diao)(diao)(diao)解協議。2023年5月6日(ri),華(hua)(hua)容(rong)區(qu)法院(yuan)(yuan)出具(ju)調(diao)(diao)(diao)解書,確認建(jian)(jian)材公(gong)司于2023年8月31日(ri)前一次性付清王某軍等(deng)42人勞動(dong)報酬10萬余元。后(hou)建(jian)(jian)材公(gong)司按期履行調(diao)(diao)(diao)解書確定(ding)的(de)給付義務。
工(gong)(gong)作延(yan)伸。華容區(qu)(qu)檢(jian)察(cha)院與當地人社(she)、司(si)(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)政、法(fa)(fa)(fa)院等單位(wei)聯(lian)合(he)會(hui)簽(qian)(qian)《關于健全民(min)事(shi)行(xing)(xing)政檢(jian)察(cha)與民(min)事(shi)行(xing)(xing)政審判、法(fa)(fa)(fa)律援助(zhu)、勞動保障監(jian)察(cha)保障農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)支(zhi)付協作機(ji)制(zhi)的(de)實施意(yi)見(試(shi)行(xing)(xing))》,推(tui)動解決農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)欠薪(xin)問題(ti)常(chang)態(tai)化(hua)開展;與司(si)(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)行(xing)(xing)政、民(min)政、人社(she)、市場監(jian)管、婦聯(lian)、殘聯(lian)等單位(wei)會(hui)簽(qian)(qian)《關于建立(li)民(min)事(shi)支(zhi)持(chi)起訴協作配合(he)機(ji)制(zhi)的(de)意(yi)見》,助(zhu)推(tui)支(zhi)持(chi)起訴工(gong)(gong)作規范化(hua)開展;廣(guang)泛宣傳(chuan)檢(jian)察(cha)機(ji)關支(zhi)持(chi)起訴小(xiao)程序,積極(ji)開展送法(fa)(fa)(fa)進鄉(xiang)村、進社(she)區(qu)(qu)、進企業活動,并(bing)與社(she)區(qu)(qu)、村委(wei)會(hui)建立(li)常(chang)態(tai)化(hua)聯(lian)動普法(fa)(fa)(fa)機(ji)制(zhi),幫助(zhu)農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)提高(gao)維權意(yi)識。
【典型意義】
檢(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)在辦理農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)追索勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)報(bao)酬糾紛支持起訴案(an)件時,應當(dang)強(qiang)化全局觀念、系(xi)統(tong)(tong)思維,統(tong)(tong)籌兼顧保障農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)獲(huo)得勞動(dong)(dong)(dong)報(bao)酬與保障企(qi)業發(fa)展(zhan)之間的(de)關(guan)(guan)系(xi);對(dui)(dui)于當(dang)事人(ren)達(da)成(cheng)(cheng)和(he)解(jie)(jie)協(xie)議(yi)但不能(neng)即時履(lv)行的(de),可以聯合人(ren)民(min)(min)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)開展(zhan)工(gong)作,共(gong)(gong)同推動(dong)(dong)(dong)將和(he)解(jie)(jie)協(xie)議(yi)轉化為(wei)(wei)(wei)有強(qiang)制執行效力的(de)法(fa)(fa)律文(wen)書。本(ben)案(an)中,檢(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)將矛盾(dun)(dun)化解(jie)(jie)工(gong)作貫(guan)穿(chuan)辦案(an)始終,聯合有關(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)共(gong)(gong)同開展(zhan)矛盾(dun)(dun)化解(jie)(jie)工(gong)作,幫助(zhu)農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)追回欠薪,解(jie)(jie)決農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)急難愁盼問題(ti),同時充分考慮企(qi)業為(wei)(wei)(wei)當(dang)地經濟發(fa)展(zhan)作出的(de)貢獻、因(yin)市(shi)場(chang)變化等因(yin)素暫時無力支付工(gong)人(ren)工(gong)資,引(yin)導農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)與企(qi)業找到(dao)利益平衡點,為(wei)(wei)(wei)企(qi)業恢復(fu)正(zheng)常經營提供緩(huan)沖期,服務(wu)保障企(qi)業長遠發(fa)展(zhan);基(ji)于當(dang)事人(ren)雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)達(da)成(cheng)(cheng)和(he)解(jie)(jie)協(xie)議(yi)但不能(neng)即時履(lv)行的(de)實際情況,檢(jian)察(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)關(guan)(guan)主動(dong)(dong)(dong)對(dui)(dui)接人(ren)民(min)(min)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan),推動(dong)(dong)(dong)雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事人(ren)以和(he)解(jie)(jie)協(xie)議(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)礎達(da)成(cheng)(cheng)調解(jie)(jie),實現了良好的(de)法(fa)(fa)律效果(guo)與社會效果(guo)。
案例二
尹某鳳等4人與某科技股份有限公司
勞務合同糾紛支持起訴案
【基本案情】
2019年3月(yue)(yue)(yue),河南某教育(yu)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)集團有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(以(yi)(yi)下(xia)簡(jian)稱教育(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si))將某職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)學(xue)院一期項(xiang)目消防工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)發包(bao)給某科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)股份(fen)有限公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(以(yi)(yi)下(xia)簡(jian)稱科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si))。2019年11月(yue)(yue)(yue),科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)委(wei)托(tuo)樊(fan)某作(zuo)為上(shang)述消防工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的項(xiang)目經理(li),負(fu)責工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)履約管理(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)結算、資金(jin)支付(fu)等(deng)事宜。2021年1月(yue)(yue)(yue),教育(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、某職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)學(xue)院三方(fang)達成(cheng)合同(tong)(tong)(tong)主體變(bian)更協議書,約定由某職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)學(xue)院承接原教育(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)的合同(tong)(tong)(tong)權利義務(wu)(wu)。教育(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)已根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進度支付(fu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款。科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)出具(ju)(ju)《農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資發放(fang)保(bao)證(zheng)書》,保(bao)證(zheng)“科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)雇傭的農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資發放(fang)到(dao)位,如因農(nong)(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資發生任(ren)何(he)糾(jiu)紛由科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)負(fu)全(quan)部責任(ren)”。2023年1月(yue)(yue)(yue),尹某鳳(feng)等(deng)4人(ren)(ren)(ren)受雇為科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)承包(bao)的上(shang)述項(xiang)目提供勞務(wu)(wu)。2023年2月(yue)(yue)(yue),樊(fan)某向(xiang)尹某鳳(feng)等(deng)4人(ren)(ren)(ren)出具(ju)(ju)對賬單,載明“未(wei)付(fu)金(jin)額45754-2500=43254元”。2023年5月(yue)(yue)(yue),科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)向(xiang)尹某鳳(feng)等(deng)4人(ren)(ren)(ren)出具(ju)(ju)委(wei)托(tuo)代付(fu)函(han),內(nei)容為“尹某鳳(feng)等(deng)4人(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資合計43254元,我司(si)(si)(si)(si)同(tong)(tong)(tong)意某職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)學(xue)院一期消防代付(fu)該筆工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資費用”。尹某鳳(feng)等(deng)4人(ren)(ren)(ren)向(xiang)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)、某職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)學(xue)院索要勞務(wu)(wu)報酬無果,多次向(xiang)河南省林州(zhou)市勞動(dong)監察大隊、信訪(fang)局、人(ren)(ren)(ren)社局反映(ying)情況(kuang),請(qing)求幫助(zhu)解決(jue)問(wen)題,但未(wei)能(neng)得到(dao)有效處理(li)。
【檢察機關履職過程】
受理情(qing)況。2024年(nian)1月,河(he)南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市勞動(dong)(dong)監察(cha)(cha)(cha)大隊根據與(yu)河(he)南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市人民檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(以(yi)下(xia)簡稱(cheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)院)、河(he)南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市人民法院(以(yi)下(xia)簡稱(cheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市法院)、河(he)南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市公安局共(gong)同簽訂(ding)的《關于(yu)進一步做好(hao)拒不支付勞動(dong)(dong)報(bao)酬犯罪(zui)案件(jian)查處(chu)、民事支持起(qi)訴案件(jian)協作配合機(ji)制(zhi)實(shi)施意見》,向(xiang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)院移送案件(jian)線索。尹某鳳(feng)等4人向(xiang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)市檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)院提出(chu)支持起(qi)訴申請,該院審查后予以(yi)受理。
審查(cha)過程(cheng)。林州市檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)理案(an)件后,主要開展(zhan)以下工作(zuo):一是查(cha)明案(an)件基(ji)本(ben)情況。通過詢問尹某鳳(feng)等4人(ren)(ren)(ren),核實(shi)欠(qian)薪(xin)數(shu)額(e);了解(jie)到科技(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司住所地位于(yu)河(he)南省鄭州市,目(mu)前公(gong)(gong)(gong)司負責人(ren)(ren)(ren)、工作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員電話均無(wu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)接聽(ting);經(jing)向工程(cheng)發包(bao)方(fang)教育公(gong)(gong)(gong)司了解(jie),發包(bao)方(fang)已(yi)根據(ju)(ju)工程(cheng)進度向科技(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司支付工程(cheng)款,科技(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司曾出(chu)具(ju)《農民(min)工工資發放保證書》,承諾農民(min)工工資發放到位。二(er)是協(xie)助(zhu)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)收(shou)集(ji)證據(ju)(ju)。尹某鳳(feng)等4人(ren)(ren)(ren)未簽訂勞務合同(tong),亦無(wu)勞務報(bao)酬欠(qian)條,僅(jin)有項目(mu)經(jing)理樊某出(chu)具(ju)的對(dui)賬單(dan)。尹某鳳(feng)等4人(ren)(ren)(ren)反映,科技(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司曾向其出(chu)具(ju)委托(tuo)(tuo)代付函(han),能夠進一步(bu)印證欠(qian)薪(xin)事(shi)(shi)實(shi)。但委托(tuo)(tuo)代付函(han)已(yi)交由(you)某職業(ye)技(ji)術學院(yuan)(yuan)。檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機關(guan)(guan)遂協(xie)助(zhu)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)收(shou)集(ji)委托(tuo)(tuo)代付函(han),進一步(bu)補強(qiang)欠(qian)薪(xin)證據(ju)(ju)。三(san)是做好法律(lv)釋明工作(zuo)。檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機關(guan)(guan)向當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)釋明本(ben)案(an)請求權基(ji)礎、如(ru)何提出(chu)訴(su)訟(song)(song)請求等事(shi)(shi)項,但尹某鳳(feng)等4人(ren)(ren)(ren)堅持將(jiang)教育公(gong)(gong)(gong)司、樊某也(ye)列為(wei)被告(gao),檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機關(guan)(guan)充分(fen)尊(zun)重當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)獨立行使訴(su)權。四是考(kao)慮(lv)到尹某鳳(feng)等4人(ren)(ren)(ren)訴(su)訟(song)(song)能力弱、家庭經(jing)濟較為(wei)困(kun)難,林州市檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)依托(tuo)(tuo)協(xie)作(zuo)機制,對(dui)接法律(lv)援助(zhu)中心為(wei)其指派(pai)律(lv)師,并(bing)協(xie)助(zhu)尹某鳳(feng)等4人(ren)(ren)(ren)向法院(yuan)(yuan)申(shen)請緩(huan)繳案(an)件受(shou)理費,打通訴(su)訟(song)(song)綠色通道。
支持起訴意(yi)見。2024年(nian)1月12日,林(lin)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)檢(jian)察院(yuan)(yuan)向(xiang)林(lin)州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)法院(yuan)(yuan)發出(chu)支持起訴意(yi)見書。檢(jian)察機關(guan)認(ren)為,尹(yin)某鳳等(deng)4人為科(ke)技(ji)公司提供勞(lao)務(wu),雙(shuang)方之間存(cun)在勞(lao)務(wu)合同法律關(guan)系,科(ke)技(ji)公司應(ying)當支付(fu)勞(lao)務(wu)報酬。對尹(yin)某鳳等(deng)4人要求(qiu)教(jiao)育公司以(yi)及樊某共同承擔責任的訴訟(song)請(qing)求(qiu),檢(jian)察機關(guan)認(ren)為該訴訟(song)請(qing)求(qiu)明顯不成立,向(xiang)申(shen)請(qing)人釋(shi)明原(yuan)因后(hou),未予支持。
處理結果。林(lin)州市法(fa)院經(jing)審理,采(cai)納檢察機關的支持起(qi)訴(su)意見(jian),判(pan)(pan)令科技公司(si)于判(pan)(pan)決生效后十日內支付(fu)尹某鳳等4人工資(zi)款共計43254元。
工作延伸。針對當地建(jian)筑(zhu)行業(ye)勞務(wu)市(shi)場欠薪問(wen)題,林州(zhou)市(shi)檢察院與林州(zhou)市(shi)住房(fang)和(he)(he)城鄉建(jian)設局(ju)、人力資源(yuan)和(he)(he)社會保障局(ju)、司法(fa)局(ju)、信訪局(ju)聯合召開關于勞動者(zhe)權益保障協作共治座談會,推動相關部(bu)門(men)建(jian)立(li)長效機(ji)制,排查欠薪隱患(huan),創新監管模(mo)式,完善行業(ye)信用體系建(jian)設。為(wei)提高農(nong)(nong)民(min)工維權意識,林州(zhou)市(shi)檢察院開展普法(fa)進工地活動,通過發放(fang)宣(xuan)傳材料(liao)、現場答疑等方式,宣(xuan)講《中華(hua)人民(min)共和(he)(he)國民(min)法(fa)典》《保障農(nong)(nong)民(min)工工資支付條例》等法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規,鼓勵農(nong)(nong)民(min)工運用法(fa)律(lv)武器維護自(zi)身(shen)合法(fa)權益。
【典型意義】
(一)加強(qiang)調查核(he)實,切(qie)實保(bao)護農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)合法權益(yi)。農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)因訴(su)(su)訟(song)能力欠缺(que)、證(zheng)據意識不(bu)足(zu)等原因,在與(yu)用工(gong)(gong)者形(xing)成勞務關系(xi)時,一般(ban)為口頭協商。欠缺(que)書(shu)面勞務合同(tong)往往導致農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)維(wei)(wei)權時處于(yu)弱勢地位。檢察機(ji)(ji)關依法履行(xing)支持起訴(su)(su)職能,最大程(cheng)度(du)保(bao)護農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)合法權益(yi)。本案中,檢察機(ji)(ji)關協助當事(shi)人(ren)收集(ji)固定證(zheng)據,認定欠薪事(shi)實,為農(nong)民(min)工(gong)(gong)群體起訴(su)(su)維(wei)(wei)權提(ti)供幫助,使其通過訴(su)(su)訟(song)程(cheng)序(xu)維(wei)(wei)護合法權益(yi)。
(二)檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)在尊重當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)獨立行使訴(su)(su)(su)(su)權基(ji)礎上依法支持起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)。檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)支持起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)意(yi)見應當(dang)依法提出,不(bu)(bu)得超(chao)出當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)的(de)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)求范圍。同時,檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)支持起(qi)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)意(yi)見并非當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)求的(de)簡單復制(zhi),對于明顯不(bu)(bu)成立的(de)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)求或者(zhe)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)求中(zhong)明顯不(bu)(bu)成立的(de)部分,檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)不(bu)(bu)予支持。本案中(zhong),檢(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關(guan)認為尹某(mou)鳳(feng)等4人(ren)(ren)要求教育公司(si)以及樊某(mou)共同承擔責任的(de)訴(su)(su)(su)(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)求明顯不(bu)(bu)成立,在向申請(qing)(qing)人(ren)(ren)釋明原因后,不(bu)(bu)予支持,對類案具有指(zhi)導(dao)意(yi)義。
案例三
張某金與慈溪市某門窗廠工傷保險待遇
糾紛支持起訴案
【基本案情】
2017年3月至(zhi)2023年4月間(jian),四川瀘(lu)州籍務工(gong)(gong)者張(zhang)某金(jin)在周(zhou)(zhou)某開辦的浙江慈溪(xi)市(shi)(shi)某門(men)窗廠(以下(xia)簡稱門(men)窗廠)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)期間(jian)未(wei)簽訂(ding)書面勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同。2023年4月1日,周(zhou)(zhou)某安排張(zhang)某金(jin)至(zhi)客戶單(dan)位(wei)拆(chai)吊頂,張(zhang)某金(jin)在工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)不慎從腳(jiao)手(shou)架上摔下(xia)受傷(shang)。張(zhang)某金(jin)被(bei)送往醫(yi)院(yuan)就醫(yi),醫(yi)院(yuan)診斷結(jie)果為(wei)左(zuo)側多根肋骨骨折,張(zhang)某金(jin)住院(yuan)治療8天。其間(jian),周(zhou)(zhou)某陸續支(zhi)付張(zhang)某金(jin)醫(yi)療費(fei)、護理費(fei)等(deng)賠償(chang)金(jin)2.05萬元,但未(wei)依法(fa)(fa)足額賠付。張(zhang)某金(jin)出院(yuan)后,多次聯(lian)系(xi)周(zhou)(zhou)某協商工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)損(sun)害賠償(chang)事宜,未(wei)能達成一致(zhi)意見。張(zhang)某金(jin)向慈溪(xi)市(shi)(shi)人(ren)力資源(yuan)和社會保障局申(shen)請(qing)工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)認定,因無(wu)法(fa)(fa)提供門(men)窗廠營(ying)業執照、勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)同等(deng)證據材料(liao)證明(ming)勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關系(xi),工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)認定申(shen)請(qing)被(bei)拒。張(zhang)某金(jin)作(zuo)為(wei)家中(zhong)唯一勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力,因受傷(shang)未(wei)完全康復無(wu)法(fa)(fa)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo),且賠償(chang)金(jin)未(wei)到位(wei),其家庭陷入困境。
【檢察機關履職過程】
受(shou)(shou)理情況(kuang)。張(zhang)某(mou)金向寧波(bo)(bo)(bo)市(shi)(shi)瀘州(zhou)商會(hui)農民(min)工服務中心求助(zhu),該維權線(xian)索(suo)(suo)被(bei)移送(song)至(zhi)四川省瀘州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)(以下簡稱瀘州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan))。2023年(nian)7月10日(ri),瀘州(zhou)市(shi)(shi)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)根據與浙(zhe)江省寧波(bo)(bo)(bo)市(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)(以下簡稱寧波(bo)(bo)(bo)市(shi)(shi)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan))會(hui)簽的《關于(yu)建立民(min)事支持起訴跨區(qu)域協(xie)作機制(zhi)的實施意見》,將(jiang)線(xian)索(suo)(suo)移送(song)至(zhi)寧波(bo)(bo)(bo)市(shi)(shi)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)。因(yin)張(zhang)某(mou)金工作地(di)和事發地(di)均在寧波(bo)(bo)(bo)慈(ci)(ci)溪(xi),寧波(bo)(bo)(bo)市(shi)(shi)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)將(jiang)案件線(xian)索(suo)(suo)移送(song)至(zhi)浙(zhe)江省慈(ci)(ci)溪(xi)市(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)(以下簡稱慈(ci)(ci)溪(xi)市(shi)(shi)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan))。慈(ci)(ci)溪(xi)市(shi)(shi)檢察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(yuan)經初步審查,認為張(zhang)某(mou)金在證據收(shou)集(ji)、申請工傷鑒定等方面存在困難,訴訟能力弱(ruo),決(jue)定受(shou)(shou)理該案。
審(shen)(shen)查過程。慈(ci)溪(xi)市(shi)檢(jian)察院依靠(kao)支(zhi)持起訴(su)跨區(qu)域(yu)協作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)機制,聯合(he)(he)瀘州檢(jian)察機關(guan)審(shen)(shen)查查明:張某(mou)(mou)金(jin)(jin)在(zai)門(men)(men)窗廠工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)期間,周(zhou)某(mou)(mou)未按規定(ding)與張某(mou)(mou)金(jin)(jin)簽訂書面(mian)勞動(dong)合(he)(he)同;張某(mou)(mou)金(jin)(jin)受傷(shang)后,門(men)(men)窗廠拒絕出(chu)(chu)面(mian)申請工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)認(ren)定(ding);張某(mou)(mou)金(jin)(jin)僅有與周(zhou)某(mou)(mou)的(de)(de)微(wei)信(xin)聊天記(ji)錄(lu)和(he)周(zhou)某(mou)(mou)定(ding)期的(de)(de)微(wei)信(xin)轉賬記(ji)錄(lu),無法提供門(men)(men)窗廠營業執照、上下(xia)班打卡(ka)記(ji)錄(lu)、證(zheng)人證(zheng)言等(deng)證(zheng)明其與門(men)(men)窗廠具有勞動(dong)關(guan)系(xi)的(de)(de)證(zheng)據(ju)材(cai)料(liao),故無法向人社部(bu)門(men)(men)申請工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)認(ren)定(ding)。檢(jian)察機關(guan)與慈(ci)溪(xi)市(shi)法律援(yuan)助中心(xin)協調,為(wei)張某(mou)(mou)金(jin)(jin)指(zhi)派律師處理(li)訴(su)訟(song)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)事(shi)(shi)宜(yi);依據(ju)慈(ci)溪(xi)市(shi)檢(jian)察院牽頭14家單(dan)(dan)位(wei)出(chu)(chu)臺的(de)(de)《關(guan)于在(zai)民事(shi)(shi)支(zhi)持起訴(su)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中加強協作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)配合(he)(he)的(de)(de)若干意見(jian)》,聯系(xi)人社局(ju)工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)認(ren)定(ding)部(bu)門(men)(men),幫(bang)(bang)助張某(mou)(mou)金(jin)(jin)咨(zi)詢工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)認(ren)定(ding)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)事(shi)(shi)項。在(zai)檢(jian)察機關(guan)的(de)(de)幫(bang)(bang)助下(xia),工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)認(ren)定(ding)部(bu)門(men)(men)依職權(quan)調取用人單(dan)(dan)位(wei)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)資料(liao)后,著手開展(zhan)工(gong)(gong)傷(shang)認(ren)定(ding)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。
處(chu)理結果。周某(mou)(mou)(mou)一直以(yi)工(gong)廠經營不善、資金(jin)(jin)周轉不開為由拒絕支(zhi)付剩余(yu)賠償(chang)金(jin)(jin)。為實(shi)質(zhi)性(xing)解決爭議(yi)糾紛,檢察機關(guan)多(duo)次(ci)走訪門窗廠,向(xiang)周某(mou)(mou)(mou)釋法(fa)(fa)說(shuo)理,并邀(yao)請當(dang)地鎮政府、司法(fa)(fa)所協同(tong)開展(zhan)矛(mao)盾化解工(gong)作,從(cong)法(fa)(fa)理上向(xiang)周某(mou)(mou)(mou)講明逃避承擔責任可(ke)能產生的(de)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)后果以(yi)及(ji)可(ke)能給門窗廠聲譽帶來的(de)不良(liang)影響,從(cong)情理上向(xiang)周某(mou)(mou)(mou)講明張(zhang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)金(jin)(jin)在崗(gang)工(gong)作多(duo)年(nian),目前因受傷(shang)家庭陷入(ru)困境的(de)實(shi)際情況。最終周某(mou)(mou)(mou)同(tong)意在法(fa)(fa)律(lv)規定(ding)的(de)范圍內向(xiang)張(zhang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)金(jin)(jin)支(zhi)付工(gong)傷(shang)損害賠償(chang)金(jin)(jin)。2023年(nian)7月(yue)24日(ri),周某(mou)(mou)(mou)與張(zhang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)金(jin)(jin)達成和(he)解協議(yi),依據工(gong)傷(shang)損害賠償(chang)標準,由周某(mou)(mou)(mou)一次(ci)性(xing)支(zhi)付張(zhang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)金(jin)(jin)停(ting)工(gong)留薪期工(gong)資、一次(ci)性(xing)傷(shang)殘補助(zhu)金(jin)(jin)、一次(ci)性(xing)工(gong)傷(shang)醫療補助(zhu)金(jin)(jin)、一次(ci)性(xing)傷(shang)殘就業(ye)補助(zhu)金(jin)(jin)、住院護理費等各(ge)項費用(yong)合(he)計(ji)5.7萬元(yuan),雙方勞動關(guan)系于同(tong)日(ri)解除(chu)。扣(kou)除(chu)已支(zhi)付的(de)2.05萬元(yuan),周某(mou)(mou)(mou)于和(he)解協議(yi)簽訂當(dang)天即時履行3.65萬元(yuan)。
【典型意義】
跨區(qu)(qu)域民事支持起訴(su)(su)協作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)是檢察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關堅持以人(ren)民為(wei)中心的(de)司(si)法(fa)(fa)理(li)念,深入踐行(xing)新時(shi)代“楓橋經(jing)驗(yan)”,立(li)足外出(chu)務工(gong)人(ren)員跨區(qu)(qu)域流動現狀,以“檢察(cha)(cha)一體(ti)化(hua)(hua)”推進檢察(cha)(cha)工(gong)作(zuo)現代化(hua)(hua)的(de)重要舉措,對(dui)于打破地(di)域界(jie)限、幫(bang)助弱(ruo)(ruo)勢(shi)群體(ti)解決“起訴(su)(su)難”、形成檢察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關維護弱(ruo)(ruo)勢(shi)群體(ti)合(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)益的(de)合(he)(he)力、推動支持起訴(su)(su)制(zhi)度創(chuang)新發展具有重要意義(yi)。本(ben)案(an)中,浙(zhe)江、四(si)川兩地(di)檢察(cha)(cha)機(ji)(ji)關依靠(kao)民事支持起訴(su)(su)跨區(qu)(qu)域協作(zuo)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi),從案(an)件線索(suo)移(yi)送、協作(zuo)調查(cha)取(qu)證、聯合(he)(he)辦案(an)、信息共(gong)享等(deng)方面加強協作(zuo),搭建對(dui)弱(ruo)(ruo)勢(shi)群體(ti)合(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)益保護跨區(qu)(qu)域平臺,幫(bang)助當事人(ren)解決在討要薪資、工(gong)傷認定等(deng)方面存在的(de)維權(quan)(quan)困難,維護當事人(ren)合(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)益,具有典(dian)型意義(yi)。
案例四
梁某霞申請人身安全保護令支持起訴案
【基本案情】
梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)霞(xia)(xia)(xia)與丈夫宋(song)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)峰(feng)于(yu)2007年(nian)1月15日登記結(jie)婚(hun)(hun),婚(hun)(hun)后生(sheng)育一子宋(song)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)云。宋(song)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)峰(feng)婚(hun)(hun)后經(jing)常酗酒,酒后對梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)霞(xia)(xia)(xia)毆打、謾罵,打砸家(jia)(jia)中物(wu)品,梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)霞(xia)(xia)(xia)多次向公安機(ji)關報警(jing)求助。2022年(nian)1月11日,梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)霞(xia)(xia)(xia)向法(fa)院(yuan)起訴(su)(su)離婚(hun)(hun),宋(song)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)峰(feng)寫(xie)下(xia)保證(zheng)書,承諾不(bu)再(zai)酗酒、家(jia)(jia)暴,梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)霞(xia)(xia)(xia)在親友勸說(shuo)下(xia)撤回起訴(su)(su)。之(zhi)后,宋(song)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)峰(feng)不(bu)改惡習,仍然(ran)經(jing)常毆打、謾罵梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)霞(xia)(xia)(xia),梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)霞(xia)(xia)(xia)搬離住處與宋(song)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)峰(feng)分居。宋(song)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)峰(feng)跟蹤、尾隨梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)霞(xia)(xia)(xia)到其臨時住所、工作地(di)點滋事,致使梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)霞(xia)(xia)(xia)無法(fa)正常生(sheng)活工作。
【檢察機關履職過程】
受(shou)理情(qing)況(kuang)。內蒙古自(zi)治區伊金霍洛旗(qi)人民(min)(min)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)(以下簡稱伊旗(qi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)院(yuan))在推進“為(wei)民(min)(min)辦實事”工作(zuo)中(zhong),與當(dang)地婦聯建立維護(hu)婦女權益工作(zuo)協作(zuo)機制(zhi),發現本案線索。梁(liang)某(mou)霞(xia)(xia)認為(wei)自(zi)身人身安全(quan)和生活安寧受(shou)到威脅(xie),希望得到法(fa)律幫助。伊旗(qi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)院(yuan)向梁(liang)某(mou)霞(xia)(xia)闡釋《中(zhong)華人民(min)(min)共和國(guo)民(min)(min)法(fa)典(dian)》《中(zhong)華人民(min)(min)共和國(guo)反家庭暴力法(fa)》的有(you)關規定,闡明對于遭受(shou)家庭暴力的,有(you)權向人民(min)(min)法(fa)院(yuan)申請(qing)(qing)人身安全(quan)保護(hu)令(ling)。2022年(nian)11月(yue)14日(ri),梁(liang)某(mou)霞(xia)(xia)申請(qing)(qing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)機關支持(chi)其向法(fa)院(yuan)申請(qing)(qing)人身安全(quan)保護(hu)令(ling),檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)機關審(shen)查后予以受(shou)理。
審(shen)查過程。檢察機(ji)關(guan)(guan)受理案件(jian)后及(ji)時開展調(diao)(diao)查核實工作:協(xie)助梁(liang)某霞(xia)向(xiang)公安(an)派出所調(diao)(diao)取(qu)家(jia)暴(bao)警(jing)情(qing)接處(chu)警(jing)記錄;協(xie)助梁(liang)某霞(xia)向(xiang)其(qi)之前提(ti)起離婚訴(su)訟的(de)法院調(diao)(diao)取(qu)案卷材料;向(xiang)居委會、受訴(su)法院法官了解梁(liang)某霞(xia)家(jia)庭(ting)情(qing)況(kuang)以及(ji)矛盾調(diao)(diao)處(chu)過程;幫助梁(liang)某霞(xia)梳理其(qi)拍攝的(de)宋(song)某峰家(jia)暴(bao)的(de)音頻視頻、傷情(qing)照(zhao)片等證據材料。檢察機(ji)關(guan)(guan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)審(shen)查查明:宋(song)某峰婚后經(jing)(jing)(jing)常酗酒,多(duo)次對梁(liang)某霞(xia)實施家(jia)暴(bao),經(jing)(jing)(jing)多(duo)方調(diao)(diao)解教育仍不改惡(e)習,且不愿協(xie)議離婚;梁(liang)某霞(xia)全(quan)職(zhi)在家(jia)照(zhao)顧老人和孩子,家(jia)中(zhong)積蓄被(bei)宋(song)某峰掌(zhang)握;梁(liang)某霞(xia)與宋(song)某峰分居后無固(gu)定住所,臨時租(zu)住在某小區車庫,生活艱苦。
支持起訴意見。伊(yi)旗檢察院(yuan)(yuan)經審查認為(wei),根(gen)據(ju)《中華(hua)人民(min)(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)民(min)(min)法(fa)典》第(di)一千零四十(shi)二條第(di)三(san)款“禁止家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)暴(bao)(bao)力(li)(li)”,《中華(hua)人民(min)(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)反(fan)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)暴(bao)(bao)力(li)(li)法(fa)》第(di)二條“本法(fa)所稱(cheng)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)暴(bao)(bao)力(li)(li),是(shi)指(zhi)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)成員之(zhi)間(jian)以毆(ou)打、捆綁、殘害(hai)、限制人身自由(you)以及(ji)經常性謾罵(ma)、恐嚇(xia)等方式實施(shi)的身體、精神等侵(qin)(qin)害(hai)行(xing)為(wei)”,《中華(hua)人民(min)(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)反(fan)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)暴(bao)(bao)力(li)(li)法(fa)》第(di)二十(shi)三(san)條第(di)一款“當事人因遭受家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)暴(bao)(bao)力(li)(li)或者面臨家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)暴(bao)(bao)力(li)(li)的現實危(wei)險,向(xiang)人民(min)(min)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)申請人身安全保護令的,人民(min)(min)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)應當受理”的規定,宋(song)某峰多(duo)次對梁某霞實施(shi)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)暴(bao)(bao)力(li)(li)行(xing)為(wei),侵(qin)(qin)害(hai)梁某霞身心(xin)健康(kang),影響梁某霞正常生活工(gong)作,梁某霞向(xiang)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)申請人身安全保護令具有法(fa)律和(he)(he)事實依據(ju),遂向(xiang)法(fa)院(yuan)(yuan)發出支持起訴意見書(shu)。
處(chu)理(li)結(jie)果。2022年11月(yue)16日,內蒙(meng)古(gu)自治區伊(yi)金霍洛旗(qi)人民法院作(zuo)出裁定:禁(jin)止(zhi)宋某(mou)(mou)峰(feng)對梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)霞實施威脅、辱罵、毆(ou)打等家庭(ting)暴力(li)行為;禁(jin)止(zhi)宋某(mou)(mou)峰(feng)騷擾、跟蹤、接(jie)觸梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)霞;禁(jin)止(zhi)宋某(mou)(mou)峰(feng)干(gan)擾梁(liang)(liang)某(mou)(mou)霞的正常生活。
工作延(yan)伸。一(yi)是(shi)(shi)伊(yi)(yi)旗(qi)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院聯(lian)合(he)婦(fu)(fu)聯(lian)、公安派出所及社區居民委員會共同向宋某(mou)(mou)峰釋法(fa)(fa)說理(li)(li),指出其實(shi)施家(jia)庭(ting)暴力(li)行為(wei)(wei)的違法(fa)(fa)性,告誡其尊重人民法(fa)(fa)院的裁(cai)判,禁止再(zai)對(dui)梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)霞實(shi)施家(jia)庭(ting)暴力(li)行為(wei)(wei)。伊(yi)(yi)旗(qi)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院與(yu)(yu)相關單位定期(qi)對(dui)梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)霞回訪,宋某(mou)(mou)峰未(wei)再(zai)實(shi)施家(jia)暴行為(wei)(wei)。二是(shi)(shi)多(duo)舉措幫(bang)扶(fu)。伊(yi)(yi)旗(qi)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院依法(fa)(fa)啟動司法(fa)(fa)救助(zhu)程(cheng)(cheng)序,向梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)霞發放司法(fa)(fa)救助(zhu)金1.5萬元;邀(yao)請婦(fu)(fu)聯(lian)心(xin)理(li)(li)咨詢師(shi)免(mian)(mian)費為(wei)(wei)梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)霞進行心(xin)理(li)(li)疏導,幫(bang)助(zhu)其減少家(jia)暴產生(sheng)的心(xin)理(li)(li)陰影;引(yin)導梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)霞積(ji)極(ji)參(can)與(yu)(yu)社區組(zu)織的免(mian)(mian)費技能培(pei)訓課程(cheng)(cheng),提升自(zi)身工作技能。三是(shi)(shi)伊(yi)(yi)旗(qi)檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)院與(yu)(yu)婦(fu)(fu)聯(lian)會簽《推(tui)進困難(nan)婦(fu)(fu)女群體(ti)司法(fa)(fa)救助(zhu)協(xie)作機制》,明確通過(guo)司法(fa)(fa)救助(zhu)金以及“伊(yi)(yi)檢(jian)(jian)關愛”司法(fa)(fa)救助(zhu)專(zhuan)項基金,及時給予(yu)受家(jia)暴、殘(can)疾(ji)等生(sheng)活困難(nan)婦(fu)(fu)女幫(bang)扶(fu)救助(zhu)。
【典型意義】
人(ren)身(shen)安全(quan)保護(hu)(hu)令案是比照特(te)別(bie)程(cheng)序進行審理(li)的(de)民事(shi)案件(jian)。檢(jian)察機(ji)關(guan)支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)起訴積極(ji)探索向(xiang)申請人(ren)身(shen)安全(quan)保護(hu)(hu)令等特(te)別(bie)程(cheng)序領域延伸,為(wei)受(shou)家(jia)(jia)暴(bao)(bao)婦女撐起“保護(hu)(hu)傘(san)”,表明檢(jian)察機(ji)關(guan)反對家(jia)(jia)庭暴(bao)(bao)力的(de)鮮明態度(du)。本(ben)案中,檢(jian)察機(ji)關(guan)認真履行審查(cha)職責,積極(ji)開展支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)起訴工作(zuo),全(quan)力維護(hu)(hu)家(jia)(jia)暴(bao)(bao)受(shou)害人(ren)的(de)合法權益,讓(rang)不敢提(ti)起民事(shi)訴訟(song)的(de)受(shou)家(jia)(jia)暴(bao)(bao)婦女平等行使訴權。支(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)起訴案件(jian)不是“一訴了(le)之”,檢(jian)察機(ji)關(guan)應(ying)當針對家(jia)(jia)暴(bao)(bao)案件(jian)可(ke)能存在持(chi)續(xu)性(xing)、反復性(xing)等特(te)點,跟蹤(zong)了(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)生(sheng)效裁判執行情(qing)況和當事(shi)人(ren)現(xian)狀,持(chi)續(xu)關(guan)注(zhu)并鞏固(gu)辦案效果。本(ben)案中,檢(jian)察機(ji)關(guan)通過(guo)案后釋法說(shuo)理(li)和定期回訪,跟蹤(zong)了(le)解(jie)(jie)(jie)當事(shi)人(ren)家(jia)(jia)庭關(guan)系現(xian)狀,持(chi)續(xu)督(du)促宋(song)某峰改掉家(jia)(jia)暴(bao)(bao)等惡(e)習,引導其理(li)性(xing)平和解(jie)(jie)(jie)決婚(hun)姻家(jia)(jia)庭糾紛(fen)。
案例五
伍某全與黃某鳳離婚糾紛支持起訴案
【基本案情】
伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)(男(nan),65歲)系精神智力(li)二級殘疾(ji)人,一直未婚,隨(sui)父親伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)彬一起生活。2019年,伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)家中因征(zheng)地(di)拆遷,分得兩套安置(zhi)(zhi)房以及(ji)其(qi)他安置(zhi)(zhi)費用。
2020年(nian)9月(yue),黃(huang)(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)鳳(feng)(女(nv),67歲)經人(ren)介紹與(yu)伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)的父親(qin)(qin)伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)彬(bin)認識,因對(dui)婚后(hou)如何(he)照(zhao)顧伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)不能達成(cheng)一(yi)致(zhi)意見(jian),雙方未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)建立婚姻關系。2021年(nian)3月(yue),黃(huang)(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)鳳(feng)以(yi)相(xiang)親(qin)(qin)為名將伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)帶回自(zi)己家(jia)(jia)中居住,進一(yi)步了解伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)情況(kuang)后(hou),在(zai)未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)建立感情基礎的情況(kuang)下,即于2021年(nian)5月(yue)24日(ri)與(yu)伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)登記結(jie)婚。婚后(hou),黃(huang)(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)鳳(feng)安排伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)一(yi)人(ren)居住在(zai)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)家(jia)(jia)老(lao)宅,而黃(huang)(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)鳳(feng)與(yu)自(zi)己的子女(nv)共同居住在(zai)黃(huang)(huang)(huang)家(jia)(jia)新宅,未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)與(yu)伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)居住在(zai)一(yi)起(qi)(qi)。2022年(nian)3月(yue),因婚后(hou)生(sheng)活(huo)艱難,伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)自(zi)行離開黃(huang)(huang)(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)鳳(feng)家(jia)(jia),重新隨(sui)父親(qin)(qin)伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)彬(bin)生(sheng)活(huo)。2022年(nian)6月(yue)2日(ri),伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)以(yi)登記結(jie)婚時間(jian)較短(duan),婚后(hou)雙方未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)共同居住在(zai)一(yi)起(qi)(qi),雙方未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)建立夫妻感情為由向四川省成(cheng)都市(shi)雙流區(qu)(qu)人(ren)民法(fa)院(以(yi)下簡稱雙流區(qu)(qu)法(fa)院)提(ti)起(qi)(qi)訴訟,要求解除(chu)婚姻關系。因伍某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)全(quan)(quan)(quan)未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)繳納(na)訴訟費,雙流區(qu)(qu)法(fa)院裁定按撤訴處理。
2022年11月11日,伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)父親(qin)向雙流區(qu)法(fa)院(yuan)申請(qing)對伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)進行(xing)(xing)民(min)事(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)能力認定,雙流區(qu)法(fa)院(yuan)判決宣(xuan)告(gao)伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)為(wei)限制民(min)事(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)能力人。后成(cheng)都(dou)市雙流區(qu)永安鎮某(mou)社(she)區(qu)居民(min)委員會指(zhi)定伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)彬為(wei)伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)的(de)監(jian)護人。
【檢察機關履職過程】
受理(li)(li)情況。四川省(sheng)成都市雙(shuang)流(liu)區(qu)人民檢(jian)察院(yuan)(以下(xia)簡稱雙(shuang)流(liu)區(qu)檢(jian)察院(yuan))開(kai)展(zhan)“我為(wei)群眾辦(ban)實(shi)事”活動中,與雙(shuang)流(liu)區(qu)殘(can)(can)疾(ji)人聯合會就(jiu)殘(can)(can)疾(ji)人權益保護定期座談(tan)時獲悉(xi),老年(nian)智力(li)殘(can)(can)疾(ji)人伍某全想(xiang)通過訴(su)訟解除婚姻關(guan)系,但是(shi)因智力(li)殘(can)(can)疾(ji)導致其在收集固定證據等方面存在較(jiao)大困難,希(xi)望(wang)檢(jian)察機關(guan)提供幫助。經當事人申請(qing),雙(shuang)流(liu)區(qu)檢(jian)察院(yuan)依(yi)法受理(li)(li)該案(an)。
審查過程(cheng)。案(an)件(jian)受理后,檢察機關先后走(zou)訪法院、民(min)政局、社區居委(wei)會,全(quan)(quan)面了(le)解案(an)件(jian)情況(kuang);實地查看伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)(quan)婚(hun)后的(de)(de)住(zhu)處,深入了(le)解伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)(quan)智力狀況(kuang)、與黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)鳳婚(hun)姻(yin)(yin)關系存(cun)續期間(jian)的(de)(de)實際生活情況(kuang)以及雙方(fang)財產情況(kuang)。經調查核實查明:黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)鳳與伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)(quan)認識不久(jiu)即(ji)結婚(hun),并無(wu)(wu)感(gan)情基礎;婚(hun)姻(yin)(yin)關系存(cun)續期間(jian),黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)鳳讓伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)(quan)居住(zhu)在部(bu)分(fen)(fen)坍塌(ta)的(de)(de)老(lao)宅甚(shen)至(zhi)讓其(qi)睡雞棚(peng),不給(gei)錢(qian)治病,未(wei)盡到夫妻互相扶(fu)養的(de)(de)義(yi)務(wu),也未(wei)履行好監護(hu)(hu)職責;伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)(quan)具(ju)有(you)與黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)鳳離婚(hun)的(de)(de)迫(po)切要求。伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)(quan)系老(lao)年(nian)智力殘疾人,無(wu)(wu)法充分(fen)(fen)維護(hu)(hu)自己合法權益,如果(guo)繼續維持伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)(quan)與黃(huang)(huang)某(mou)鳳之間(jian)的(de)(de)婚(hun)姻(yin)(yin)關系,會更加不利于伍(wu)(wu)某(mou)全(quan)(quan)合法權益的(de)(de)保護(hu)(hu)。
支(zhi)(zhi)持起(qi)訴意(yi)見。2023年(nian)5月25日,雙流區檢察院依(yi)法(fa)(fa)向雙流區法(fa)(fa)院發出支(zhi)(zhi)持起(qi)訴意(yi)見書(shu),支(zhi)(zhi)持伍某全(quan)提(ti)起(qi)與黃某鳳離婚(hun)的(de)訴訟。庭(ting)(ting)審(shen)中,檢察機關以支(zhi)(zhi)持起(qi)訴人的(de)名(ming)義(yi)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)出席法(fa)(fa)庭(ting)(ting)并當(dang)庭(ting)(ting)宣讀支(zhi)(zhi)持起(qi)訴意(yi)見書(shu)。
處(chu)理結果。2023年10月24日(ri),雙流區法院采(cai)納雙流區檢察院的支持起(qi)訴意(yi)見,判決(jue)準予伍某全與(yu)黃某鳳離婚。
工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)延伸。本案辦結后,雙流區檢察院(yuan)聯合(he)雙流區殘疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)聯合(he)會(hui)、雙流區民政(zheng)局對伍某(mou)(mou)全(quan)離(li)婚后的(de)生(sheng)活(huo)情況進行(xing)回訪;邀請心(xin)理工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)者與伍某(mou)(mou)全(quan)深(shen)入(ru)談心(xin)、疏(shu)導情緒,幫助其建(jian)立生(sheng)活(huo)信(xin)心(xin);推動社區為伍某(mou)(mou)全(quan)找到(dao)合(he)適(shi)的(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)崗位,幫助其生(sheng)活(huo)步(bu)入(ru)正軌。針對殘疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)婚姻(yin)關系存(cun)續期間(jian)權益(yi)保(bao)障機制不健全(quan)的(de)問題,雙流區檢察院(yuan)與雙流區殘疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)聯合(he)會(hui)、雙流區民政(zheng)局會(hui)簽《關于加強(qiang)殘疾(ji)人(ren)(ren)婚姻(yin)合(he)法權益(yi)保(bao)障的(de)協作(zuo)(zuo)機制》。
【典型意義】
(一)積(ji)極履行(xing)支持起(qi)訴(su)(su)職(zhi)能,維護老年智(zhi)力殘疾(ji)人(ren)婚(hun)(hun)姻權(quan)益。《中(zhong)華人(ren)民(min)共和(he)國民(min)法典》并未對(dui)智(zhi)力殘疾(ji)人(ren)結婚(hun)(hun)進行(xing)限(xian)制,智(zhi)力殘疾(ji)人(ren)的婚(hun)(hun)姻自主權(quan)應在更大(da)范圍內(nei)得到保障。未與(yu)智(zhi)力殘疾(ji)人(ren)建立感情即結婚(hun)(hun),婚(hun)(hun)后不(bu)履行(xing)夫(fu)(fu)妻間(jian)扶(fu)養義務(wu)和(he)監護職(zhi)責,且可能侵害智(zhi)力殘疾(ji)人(ren)合法權(quan)益的,與(yu)夫(fu)(fu)妻間(jian)相互(hu)(hu)忠(zhong)誠、相互(hu)(hu)關愛的價值取向相悖(bei),有(you)損婚(hun)(hun)姻關系之維護。本案(an)中(zhong),伍某全具有(you)強烈離婚(hun)(hun)意愿,但(dan)囿于自身年齡、智(zhi)力等原(yuan)因,伍某全訴(su)(su)訟能力弱(ruo),檢察(cha)機(ji)關依法支持其向人(ren)民(min)法院起(qi)訴(su)(su)離婚(hun)(hun),通過辦案(an)倡(chang)導良(liang)好家(jia)德家(jia)風(feng)建設。
(二(er))對支持(chi)(chi)(chi)未(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)年人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、家庭(ting)暴力(li)受害(hai)(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、智力(li)殘(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)等(deng)當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)起訴(su)(su)的案件(jian),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)派(pai)員(yuan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)席(xi)法(fa)庭(ting)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民法(fa)院(yuan)開(kai)庭(ting)審理民事(shi)支持(chi)(chi)(chi)起訴(su)(su)案件(jian),人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)院(yuan)一(yi)般不派(pai)員(yuan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)席(xi)法(fa)庭(ting)。但(dan)對于支持(chi)(chi)(chi)未(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)年人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、家庭(ting)暴力(li)受害(hai)(hai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、智力(li)殘(can)(can)疾(ji)(ji)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)起訴(su)(su)等(deng)確有(you)出(chu)(chu)(chu)庭(ting)必要的案件(jian),檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)關(guan)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)商人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民法(fa)院(yuan)派(pai)員(yuan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)席(xi)法(fa)庭(ting),保證當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)平等(deng)行使訴(su)(su)權。本案中,檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)(cha)機(ji)關(guan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)支持(chi)(chi)(chi)起訴(su)(su)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的名(ming)義依法(fa)出(chu)(chu)(chu)席(xi)法(fa)庭(ting)并當(dang)庭(ting)宣讀支持(chi)(chi)(chi)起訴(su)(su)意見(jian)書,有(you)力(li)維護伍某全的合(he)法(fa)權益(yi)。
案例六
黃某娣與林某謙、林某良
贍養糾紛支持起訴案
【基本案情】
黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)現年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)68歲,與(yu)丈夫林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)發育有(you)兩子(zi),長(chang)子(zi)林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)謙、次(ci)子(zi)林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)良(liang)(liang)(liang)。林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)發于1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)突發疾病去世后(hou),黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)離(li)開原(yuan)居(ju)住地外出務工(gong),林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)謙和林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)良(liang)(liang)(liang)二人(ren)由(you)祖母梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)女撫養(yang)至成年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。自林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)發去世,黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)與(yu)梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)女的婆媳關系逐漸惡化,黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)曾多次(ci)提出回原(yuan)住所與(yu)其兒子(zi)共(gong)(gong)同居(ju)住,但均遭到梁(liang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)女及其家屬拒(ju)絕。因(yin)長(chang)期(qi)不(bu)(bu)能共(gong)(gong)同生活,黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)與(yu)林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)謙、林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)良(liang)(liang)(liang)的母子(zi)感情逐漸疏(shu)遠。近(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai),黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)因(yin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)老(lao)患病喪失勞動能力。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月以前,林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)謙每(mei)月給予(yu)黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)200元(yuan)(yuan)至400元(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)(bu)等的贍(shan)(shan)(shan)養(yang)費(fei)(fei),之后(hou)不(bu)(bu)再(zai)支(zhi)付(fu)。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)6月,黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)起訴林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)謙、林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)良(liang)(liang)(liang)支(zhi)付(fu)贍(shan)(shan)(shan)養(yang)費(fei)(fei),經調解(jie),黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)申(shen)請撤訴。林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)謙支(zhi)付(fu)贍(shan)(shan)(shan)養(yang)費(fei)(fei)至2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)9月,后(hou)未再(zai)支(zhi)付(fu)贍(shan)(shan)(shan)養(yang)費(fei)(fei)。林某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)良(liang)(liang)(liang)成年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)從未向(xiang)黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)支(zhi)付(fu)過贍(shan)(shan)(shan)養(yang)費(fei)(fei)。黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)現每(mei)月領取180元(yuan)(yuan)農村養(yang)老(lao)金,租房居(ju)住,每(mei)月房屋租金為250元(yuan)(yuan)。黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)(mou)娣(di)(di)(di)無(wu)其他經濟來(lai)源,無(wu)力支(zhi)付(fu)醫藥費(fei)(fei)、生活費(fei)(fei),生活陷(xian)入困境(jing)。
【檢察機關履職過程】
受理情況(kuang)。2022年(nian)11月4日(ri),黃(huang)某(mou)(mou)娣因林某(mou)(mou)謙(qian)和林某(mou)(mou)良二人(ren)不履行(xing)贍養義務,向(xiang)廣東省肇(zhao)慶(qing)市廣寧(ning)縣(xian)人(ren)民檢(jian)察(cha)院(以下(xia)簡稱(cheng)廣寧(ning)縣(xian)檢(jian)察(cha)院)申請支持起訴(su),檢(jian)察(cha)機關審查后(hou)予(yu)以受理。
審查過程。廣寧(ning)縣檢(jian)察院圍(wei)繞(rao)申(shen)請人的訴(su)訟能(neng)力、家庭(ting)狀況等(deng)依法(fa)進行審查,查明:黃某(mou)(mou)娣常年(nian)患病喪失勞動能(neng)力,無經濟(ji)來源(yuan)和(he)(he)固定居所,生活(huo)困(kun)難,訴(su)訟能(neng)力弱。鑒于本(ben)案屬(shu)于家庭(ting)糾(jiu)紛(fen),檢(jian)察機關積(ji)極開展矛盾糾(jiu)紛(fen)化解工作。林某(mou)(mou)謙、林某(mou)(mou)良以(yi)其母親沒有盡(jin)到撫養(yang)責任、家庭(ting)困(kun)難等(deng)理由拒(ju)不分擔老人的醫(yi)療(liao)費、生活(huo)費。因雙(shuang)方當事人分歧較(jiao)大(da),未能(neng)達成訴(su)前和(he)(he)解。
支持起訴意見(jian)。2022年(nian)(nian)11月7日,廣寧縣檢(jian)察院發出支持起訴意見(jian)書(shu)。檢(jian)察機關認為(wei),敬老(lao)愛老(lao)、贍養老(lao)人不僅(jin)是中華民族的(de)傳統美(mei)德,更是成年(nian)(nian)子女的(de)法(fa)(fa)定義(yi)務。林某(mou)謙、林某(mou)良拒不支付贍養費,違反(fan)法(fa)(fa)律規(gui)定,侵害老(lao)年(nian)(nian)人的(de)合法(fa)(fa)權益。
處理結果。2022年(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)17日(ri),廣(guang)寧縣人民法(fa)(fa)院作出一(yi)審(shen)民事(shi)判(pan)決。法(fa)(fa)院認為,黃(huang)某(mou)娣(di)年(nian)(nian)老體弱(ruo),經(jing)濟(ji)來源有(you)限,符合法(fa)(fa)律上“生活困(kun)難”的情(qing)況(kuang),故對黃(huang)某(mou)娣(di)要求林(lin)(lin)某(mou)謙(qian)、林(lin)(lin)某(mou)良支(zhi)付贍(shan)養(yang)費的訴訟請求,依法(fa)(fa)予以(yi)支(zhi)持。判(pan)決:林(lin)(lin)某(mou)謙(qian)、林(lin)(lin)某(mou)良從2022年(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue)起每月(yue)(yue)15日(ri)前每人各支(zhi)付350元贍(shan)養(yang)費給黃(huang)某(mou)娣(di),直至(zhi)其去(qu)世為止(zhi)。一(yi)審(shen)判(pan)決后,廣(guang)寧縣檢察院再次對林(lin)(lin)某(mou)謙(qian)、林(lin)(lin)某(mou)良開展釋法(fa)(fa)說理,助力家庭矛盾的化解和(he)受(shou)損親情(qing)的修復。
工作延伸。案件(jian)辦(ban)結后(hou),廣(guang)寧(ning)縣(xian)檢(jian)察(cha)院對案件(jian)進行回(hui)訪,跟(gen)蹤(zong)了解黃某(mou)(mou)娣身(shen)體、生(sheng)活現狀和(he)生(sheng)效(xiao)裁判履行情況。黃某(mou)(mou)娣反映,一(yi)審判決生(sheng)效(xiao)后(hou),林某(mou)(mou)謙、林某(mou)(mou)良均能按照判決書履行給付(fu)贍(shan)養(yang)費的義務,平時(shi)定(ding)期探望(wang)并主動關(guan)(guan)心自己身(shen)體和(he)生(sheng)活狀況。黃某(mou)(mou)娣對檢(jian)察(cha)機關(guan)(guan)支持起訴和(he)幫(bang)助修復母子關(guan)(guan)系(xi)表示感謝。為進一(yi)步加強老年人權益保護,廣(guang)寧(ning)縣(xian)檢(jian)察(cha)院通(tong)過(guo)運用(yong)新媒體和(he)送(song)法(fa)進社區,加強以(yi)案釋(shi)法(fa),廣(guang)泛凝聚保護老年人合(he)法(fa)權益共識。
【典型意義】
贍養糾(jiu)紛(fen)系(xi)(xi)(xi)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)內部糾(jiu)紛(fen),除涉(she)及法(fa)律上的(de)權利義務(wu)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)外(wai),更涉(she)及情感、心理、倫理等(deng)復雜因素。檢(jian)察機關(guan)在辦案(an)(an)中應當注重做好親情修(xiu)復,避免(mian)讓訴(su)訟加劇對抗和(he)緊張關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)。本(ben)案(an)(an)中,當事(shi)人未能達成和(he)解協議訴(su)至(zhi)法(fa)院,檢(jian)察機關(guan)持續做好親情感化(hua)(hua)、釋法(fa)說理等(deng)矛盾糾(jiu)紛(fen)化(hua)(hua)解工作。案(an)(an)件辦結后,積極開展跟蹤回訪(fang)和(he)法(fa)治教育,引導當事(shi)人履(lv)行(xing)贍養義務(wu),最(zui)大(da)限度地修(xiu)復受損的(de)家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi),引導樹立優良家(jia)(jia)風,弘揚家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)(ting)美(mei)德(de)。
案例七
劉某枝與某保險公司等
機動車交通事故責任
糾紛支持起訴案
【基本案情】
2022年6月9日5時(shi)33分(fen),郭(guo)某(mou)(mou)霞(xia)駕駛(shi)小(xiao)轎車行(xing)駛(shi)至內蒙古(gu)自治區鄂爾(er)多(duo)斯市東勝區鄂托克東街伊克昭(zhao)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)北門門前道(dao)路時(shi),因(yin)過度疲勞將騎行(xing)人力三(san)輪(lun)車的劉某(mou)(mou)枝(zhi)(zhi)(75歲)撞倒,造成(cheng)劉某(mou)(mou)枝(zhi)(zhi)左(zuo)側脛骨(gu)平(ping)臺骨(gu)折(zhe)、左(zuo)側腓骨(gu)小(xiao)頭(tou)骨(gu)折(zhe)、閉合性顱腦(nao)損傷(shang),住院治療(liao)(liao)25天。小(xiao)轎車所有人為王(wang)某(mou)(mou),在某(mou)(mou)保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司投(tou)保(bao)了機動車事(shi)故(gu)(gu)責任(ren)強制保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、機動車商業三(san)者(zhe)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)金額100萬元(yuan))。鄂爾(er)多(duo)斯市公(gong)(gong)安局東勝區分(fen)局交通管理(li)大隊出(chu)具《道(dao)路交通事(shi)故(gu)(gu)認定書》認定,本次事(shi)故(gu)(gu)郭(guo)某(mou)(mou)霞(xia)負全部責任(ren),劉某(mou)(mou)枝(zhi)(zhi)無責任(ren)。劉某(mou)(mou)枝(zhi)(zhi)因(yin)交通事(shi)故(gu)(gu)住院治療(liao)(liao)花費16878.26元(yuan),保(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司僅墊(dian)付(fu)醫療(liao)(liao)費5000元(yuan)。事(shi)故(gu)(gu)發生后,劉某(mou)(mou)枝(zhi)(zhi)未得到足(zu)額賠付(fu)。
【檢察機關履職過程】
受理情況。劉(liu)某枝向內(nei)蒙(meng)古(gu)自治區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)鄂(e)(e)爾(er)多(duo)斯市東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)局(ju)(以(yi)下簡稱(cheng)東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)局(ju))法(fa)(fa)(fa)律援助中心申(shen)(shen)請法(fa)(fa)(fa)律援助。東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)司法(fa)(fa)(fa)局(ju)依據與內(nei)蒙(meng)古(gu)自治區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)鄂(e)(e)爾(er)多(duo)斯市東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人(ren)民檢(jian)察院(以(yi)下簡稱(cheng)東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)檢(jian)察院)、內(nei)蒙(meng)古(gu)自治區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)鄂(e)(e)爾(er)多(duo)斯市東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)人(ren)民法(fa)(fa)(fa)院(以(yi)下簡稱(cheng)東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)院)共同會簽的《關于(yu)加強支(zhi)(zhi)持起(qi)訴(su)與法(fa)(fa)(fa)律援助協作配(pei)合實(shi)施辦法(fa)(fa)(fa)》,向東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)檢(jian)察院移送支(zhi)(zhi)持起(qi)訴(su)案件線索(suo)。劉(liu)某枝于(yu)2023年3月7日向東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)檢(jian)察院申(shen)(shen)請支(zhi)(zhi)持起(qi)訴(su)。
審(shen)查(cha)過程。檢察機關經審(shen)查(cha)查(cha)明(ming):劉(liu)某(mou)枝現年75歲,于1969年至1975年在中(zhong)國人民解放軍(jun)某(mou)部隊服(fu)役(yi),退役(yi)后(hou)在老家山西興縣務農,之后(hou)隨兒子(zi)(zi)到鄂爾多斯(si)市東勝區打工并照顧孫子(zi)(zi),無退休工資(zi),平時靠(kao)做小(xiao)板凳售賣維持生(sheng)計,無固定(ding)收入(ru),目(mu)前(qian)患有心臟病。劉(liu)某(mou)枝妻(qi)子(zi)(zi)因(yin)患病無勞動能力,子(zi)(zi)女沒有穩(wen)定(ding)收入(ru)。交(jiao)通事故導(dao)致(zhi)劉(liu)某(mou)枝家庭陷入(ru)困境。
支持(chi)起(qi)訴意見。2023年3月20日,東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)檢察院(yuan)(yuan)向東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)法院(yuan)(yuan)發出支持(chi)起(qi)訴意見書(shu)。檢察機關(guan)認為,當事(shi)(shi)人對《交通事(shi)(shi)故(gu)責任認定書(shu)》責任認定沒有異議,劉(liu)某枝理(li)應(ying)得到(dao)足額賠償。東(dong)勝(sheng)區(qu)法院(yuan)(yuan)依據《關(guan)于加強支持(chi)起(qi)訴與法律援助協作配(pei)合(he)實施(shi)辦法》,開通綠色通道,于當日受理(li)并立(li)案。
處理結果。2023年(nian)4月13日,東勝(sheng)區法院作出一審判(pan)決,判(pan)令(ling)某保險公司向劉某枝賠付醫(yi)療費(fei)、誤(wu)工費(fei)、護(hu)理費(fei)等各項費(fei)用共計58812.37元。
工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)延伸。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察機關依據與東(dong)勝區紅(hong)十字會合作(zuo)(zuo)設立(li)(li)的(de)(de)“天(tian)驕情(qing)·東(dong)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)藍”司法救助(zhu)專項資金,依法向劉某枝(zhi)(zhi)發放司法救助(zhu)金2萬元。案件辦結后,檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察機關對劉某枝(zhi)(zhi)進行回訪,實地了解其(qi)身(shen)體恢復情(qing)況及生(sheng)活(huo)情(qing)況,劉某枝(zhi)(zhi)表示其(qi)身(shen)體已基本恢復正常,獲得(de)的(de)(de)賠(pei)償款(kuan)和(he)司法救助(zhu)金有效解決其(qi)燃眉之急。為進一(yi)步(bu)形成維護弱(ruo)勢群(qun)體合法權益的(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)合力,檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察機關聯(lian)合退役軍人(ren)事務局、民(min)政局、人(ren)社局等單位會簽(qian)《關于建(jian)立(li)(li)民(min)事檢(jian)(jian)(jian)察支持起訴協作(zuo)(zuo)配合工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)機制的(de)(de)意(yi)見(jian)》,明(ming)確工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)協同、信息通(tong)報、線(xian)索移送、矛盾化解等工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)機制。
【典型意義】
對于確有(you)(you)支持(chi)起訴(su)必要的情形,檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)關(guan)應當依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)支持(chi),讓公民(min)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)享有(you)(you)訴(su)權(quan)(quan)(quan)、有(you)(you)效行使訴(su)權(quan)(quan)(quan);在辦案中,對于符(fu)合(he)(he)司(si)(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)條(tiao)件(jian)的,檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)關(guan)可以向本院或有(you)(you)關(guan)司(si)(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)部門移送(song)線索,形成(cheng)“支持(chi)起訴(su)+司(si)(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)”機(ji)制。本案中,劉(liu)某枝系75歲的退役軍人(ren)(ren),起訴(su)維(wei)權(quan)(quan)(quan)存在障礙,檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)關(guan)綜合(he)(he)考慮(lv)案件(jian)具體情況,依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)履(lv)行支持(chi)起訴(su)職能,切(qie)實(shi)(shi)維(wei)護弱勢(shi)群體合(he)(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi);基于劉(liu)某枝符(fu)合(he)(he)國(guo)家關(guan)于退役軍人(ren)(ren)的司(si)(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)條(tiao)件(jian),檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)(cha)機(ji)關(guan)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)啟動司(si)(si)法(fa)(fa)(fa)救(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)程序,幫助(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)其(qi)擺脫生活困境,將(jiang)黨和政府對困難退役軍人(ren)(ren)的關(guan)心(xin)關(guan)愛(ai)落到實(shi)(shi)處(chu)。