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cciia.org.cn　 2022-11-16 10:14:33　 中國(guo)法(fa)院(yuan)網

　　爺爺作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)投(tou)保人(ren)，為(wei)自己的孫子購(gou)買了(le)一(yi)份保險(xian)(xian)(xian)，兒子是該份保險(xian)(xian)(xian)的受(shou)益人(ren)。合同履行(xing)六(liu)年后，兒子作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)受(shou)益人(ren)將保險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司訴(su)至中站去法(fa)院，請求(qiu)(qiu)法(fa)院判決(jue)確認保險(xian)(xian)(xian)合同無效。近日，河南省焦作(zuo)(zuo)市(shi)中站區人(ren)民法(fa)院審理了(le)該起特(te)殊(shu)的保險(xian)(xian)(xian)合同糾紛案件，依法(fa)作(zuo)(zuo)出判決(jue)，駁回訴(su)求(qiu)(qiu)。

　　2016年(nian)，原(yuan)(yuan)告(gao)張某的(de)(de)父(fu)親作為投保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)人，在(zai)被(bei)告(gao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司為自己的(de)(de)孫子（系原(yuan)(yuan)告(gao)兒子）購買了一份(fen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)，原(yuan)(yuan)告(gao)張某是該(gai)份(fen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)受(shou)益人。簽訂合同時(shi)被(bei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)人年(nian)齡為2歲(sui)，張父(fu)作為投保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)人和該(gai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)業務的(de)(de)銷售(shou)人員，向被(bei)告(gao)提交了由(you)其(qi)所在(zai)社區出具的(de)(de)投保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)人、被(bei)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)人、受(shou)益人，即祖(zu)孫之(zhi)間的(de)(de)關系證明(ming)，其(qi)中含有原(yuan)(yuan)告(gao)張某簽字(zi)的(de)(de)電子投保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)確(que)認單和未成(cheng)年(nian)人投保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)授權聲明(ming)書，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司公司與投保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)人張父(fu)簽訂了涉案保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)合同，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)內(nei)容為生存保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)金、祝(zhu)壽(shou)金、滿期保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)金、身故保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)金、重大疾病(bing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)金、特定(ding)疾病(bing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)金、身體高度殘疾保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)金和醫療(liao)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)金。

　　該合同履行(xing)六(liu)年后，原告作為受益人，以張(zhang)父(fu)未(wei)經(jing)其(qi)同意，為其(qi)兒子購買(mai)了保(bao)險，主張(zhang)合同無效(xiao)。

　　經法(fa)院審(shen)理(li)查明(ming)(ming)，在該份(fen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)合(he)同中(zhong)，被(bei)告保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)公(gong)司的(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)責任為生存保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)、祝壽金(jin)(jin)(jin)、滿(man)期保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)、身(shen)故(gu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)、重大疾(ji)(ji)病(bing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)、特定疾(ji)(ji)病(bing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)、身(shen)體高度殘疾(ji)(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)和醫療保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)，該險(xian)種不屬于以(yi)死(si)亡(wang)為給付保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)金(jin)(jin)(jin)條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)身(shen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)。根據投保(bao)(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)向被(bei)告提交的(de)(de)(de)(de)原告張某(mou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)份(fen)證(zheng)復印件、社(she)區證(zheng)明(ming)(ming)等證(zheng)據材料，基于投保(bao)(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)與張某(mou)系父子的(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊身(shen)份(fen)，足以(yi)使被(bei)告相信投保(bao)(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)提交的(de)(de)(de)(de)未成年人(ren)(ren)投保(bao)(bao)(bao)授權聲明(ming)(ming)書的(de)(de)(de)(de)真實性，且爺(ye)爺(ye)為孫(sun)子辦理(li)保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)符合(he)中(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳統習慣，因(yin)此(ci)，可以(yi)推(tui)定該聲明(ming)(ming)書系原告張某(mou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)真實意(yi)思表示。張某(mou)關于主張保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)合(he)同無效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)由不成立。

　　本(ben)案(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊之(zhi)處便在(zai)于(yu)原(yuan)(yuan)告作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)受(shou)益(yi)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)訴(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)特殊，根據(ju)法(fa)律規定：受(shou)益(yi)人(ren)是指(zhi)人(ren)身保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)(he)同中(zhong)由被保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)或者投保(bao)(bao)人(ren)指(zhi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)享有保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)金(jin)請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)。原(yuan)(yuan)告作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)涉案(an)(an)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)(he)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)受(shou)益(yi)人(ren)，與該保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)(he)同存在(zai)利害關系，可以作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)本(ben)案(an)(an)原(yuan)(yuan)告，但(dan)原(yuan)(yuan)告基(ji)于(yu)涉案(an)(an)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)(he)同享有的(de)(de)(de)(de)僅(jin)是保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)金(jin)請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)，即涉案(an)(an)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)(he)同本(ben)質上只會增加原(yuan)(yuan)告權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)，而(er)在(zai)本(ben)案(an)(an)中(zhong)，原(yuan)(yuan)告的(de)(de)(de)(de)請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)是確認(ren)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)(he)同無效(xiao)，這將會導致(zhi)受(shou)益(yi)人(ren)保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)金(jin)請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)權(quan)(quan)(quan)滅失，實質上是通過民(min)事(shi)訴(su)訟(song)減損其合(he)(he)法(fa)權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)，該請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)違背了民(min)事(shi)訴(su)訟(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)，且該項請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)也損害了保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合(he)(he)同中(zhong)投保(bao)(bao)人(ren)、保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)、被保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)法(fa)權(quan)(quan)(quan)益(yi)，綜(zong)上，法(fa)院作(zuo)(zuo)出(chu)判決，駁回原(yuan)(yuan)告訴(su)訟(song)請(qing)(qing)求(qiu)。

　　裁判要旨，當事人(ren)可以通過(guo)自(zi)行放棄的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)減損自(zi)身權(quan)益(yi)，但(dan)通過(guo)訴(su)訟的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)請求(qiu)減損自(zi)己權(quan)益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)，既違(wei)背(bei)了民事訴(su)訟的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)，又是對司(si)法資源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)浪費(fei)，故(gu)法院可以直接作(zuo)出判決駁(bo)回(hui)訴(su)訟請求(qiu)。

日期：2022-11-16 10:14:33 | 關閉 |