cciia.org.cn 2024-8-20 10:17:52 中國法院網
隨著經濟的發展和居民生活水平的提高，農村地區自建房需求日益增長。然而，部分村民由于法治意識相對薄弱，往往會將農村建筑項目承包給不具備資質的自然人，當無資質的自然人承攬建筑施工合同時，一旦發生安全事故，受害者的權益該如何得到保障？
2022年(nian)9月17日(ri)，被告周某(mou)(mou)因需建設自家二層住宅，與(yu)原告鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)口頭約定，將施工(gong)項目(mu)發包給鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)，由鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)進行施工(gong)。鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)作(zuo)為(wei)施工(gong)方，實際并無建筑施工(gong)資質。在施工(gong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，因腳(jiao)手(shou)架搭(da)建不穩固，不慎從(cong)高(gao)處墜落，導致腳(jiao)部骨(gu)折。治療終結后，雙方因賠償(chang)事(shi)宜協商未果，鄭(zheng)(zheng)某(mou)(mou)遂(sui)向陜(shan)西省城(cheng)固縣人民法院提起(qi)訴訟，要求周某(mou)(mou)賠償(chang)其各項損失共計8.3萬(wan)元。
本案中，鄭(zheng)某(mou)作為(wei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)，未取(qu)得建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質即承(cheng)接工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，根據《中華(hua)人民(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)筑(zhu)法》第(di)二(er)(er)十六條(tiao)及(ji)《村莊和(he)(he)集鎮規(gui)劃建(jian)設管(guan)理(li)條(tiao)例》第(di)二(er)(er)十三條(tiao)第(di)二(er)(er)款的規(gui)定，其行為(wei)違反了國(guo)(guo)家強制性規(gui)定，存(cun)在(zai)明(ming)顯過(guo)錯。同時(shi)，周某(mou)作為(wei)發(fa)包方(fang)(fang)，在(zai)選(xuan)任施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員時(shi)未盡到合理(li)的審查(cha)義務(wu)，明(ming)知鄭(zheng)某(mou)無資(zi)(zi)(zi)質仍將工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)發(fa)包給其施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，亦存(cun)在(zai)選(xuan)任過(guo)失(shi)。根據《中華(hua)人民(min)共和(he)(he)國(guo)(guo)民(min)法典》第(di)一(yi)千一(yi)百(bai)九(jiu)十二(er)(er)條(tiao)及(ji)第(di)一(yi)千一(yi)百(bai)九(jiu)十三條(tiao)的規(gui)定，個人之間形成勞(lao)務(wu)關(guan)系(xi)，提供勞(lao)務(wu)一(yi)方(fang)(fang)因勞(lao)務(wu)受到損害的，根據雙方(fang)(fang)各(ge)自的過(guo)錯承(cheng)擔(dan)相應(ying)的責任。鄭(zheng)某(mou)作為(wei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)，未取(qu)得建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質即承(cheng)接工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，且在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中未采(cai)取(qu)有效安全措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，是導(dao)致此次事故(gu)發(fa)生的主要(yao)原因，應(ying)承(cheng)擔(dan)主要(yao)責任。周某(mou)作為(wei)發(fa)包方(fang)(fang)，在(zai)選(xuan)擇施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)時(shi)存(cun)在(zai)選(xuan)任過(guo)失(shi)，應(ying)承(cheng)擔(dan)次要(yao)責任。故(gu)，依法判決周某(mou)賠償鄭(zheng)某(mou)各(ge)項損失(shi)2.4萬元(yuan)，鄭(zheng)某(mou)自行承(cheng)擔(dan)剩余損失(shi)。
法官提醒
在農村(cun)自(zi)建房等(deng)建筑施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中，發包方應(ying)嚴格審(shen)查施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員的(de)資質(zhi)和安全(quan)生產條(tiao)件，切忌將工(gong)(gong)(gong)程發包給無資質(zhi)的(de)個人或團隊(dui)。同時，從事建筑施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員應(ying)依(yi)法取得(de)相應(ying)的(de)資質(zhi)證書或施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資質(zhi)審(shen)批手續，在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中，建立健全(quan)安全(quan)生產管(guan)理制度，加強施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場(chang)的(de)安全(quan)管(guan)理、監督(du)，確保施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員的(de)人身安全(quan)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)量安全(quan)。
日期：2024-8-20 10:17:52 | 關閉 |
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